克洛德·西蒙對20世紀法國戰爭歷史、大眾生存的悖謬處境與戰后工業文明的畸形發展進行了獨特書寫,其小說創作根植于西方文明深層的意識形態與心理結構,將人物的自我探尋與亙古的人類行為原型聯系在一起,試圖幫助現代人在混亂的歷史中找到一種秩序與平衡。小說敘述者們通過持續地指向文化原型,既表達了人與社會環境的矛盾沖突,也融合了個體的獨特性和人類經驗的普遍性。本文以原型批評方法入手,從戰爭、女性、城市和自然等角度探討西蒙小說對人類自我的關注和探尋。豐富的文化鏡像和神話原型形成了一個穩定的集體潛意識中心,具有護衛人性自由和塑造生命情感的力量,同時帶來了一種觀察歷史和評判生活的途徑與智慧。

Claude Simon shows his unique writing of French war history in the 20th century, the absurd situation in which people live, and the abnormal development of postwar industrial civilization as well. Rooted in the deep ideology and psychological structure of western civilization, his novels combine characters’ self-exploration and man’s eternal behavior archetype, aiming to help modern people find out an order and balance in the chaotic history. Through continuous references to cultural archetypes, the narrators express not only the contradictions and conflicts between man and social environment, but also integrate individual uniqueness with the universality of human’s experience. Based on the theory of archetypal criticism, this thesis will analyze Simon’s concern about human self from the perspectives of war, woman, city and nature. The rich cultural images and mythological archetypes create a stable center of collective unconsciousness with the power of defending human freedom and shaping life emotion, in the meantime bring about the ways and wisdom of viewing history and judging life.