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題名:美國政治文化史研究的興起和發展
書刊名:歷史研究
作者:李劍鳴
出版日期:2020
卷期:2020(2)
頁次:172-205+224
主題關鍵詞:美國政治史政治文化因果模式闡釋主義語境主義
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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美國歷史學家引入政治學的"政治文化"概念,吸取人類學、社會學等相關學科的滋養,并受社會史、文化史和跨國史等學術潮流的推動,對政治史研究進行改造,逐漸發展出政治文化史研究的領域和路徑,形成一套相應的方法論,尤其是明確界定了文化和心理在政治世界的地位與作用,把非理性因素納入政治史考察的范圍,強化語境主義的意識和技藝,還在因果模式之外開拓了理解和闡釋的途徑。在此基礎上,美國政治史家對精英政治文化、大眾政治文化、政治亞文化等加以探究,并結合新文化史、跨國史和情感史等開掘新的研究課題。美國政治文化史興起和發展的利弊得失,對于中國學者反思和推進政治文化史研究具有一定的借鑒意義。
Borrowing the concept of "political culture" from political science, drawing nourishment from anthropology, sociology, and other related disciplines, and inspired by social history, cultural history, transnational history, and other academic trends, American historians gradually transformed the field of political history and developed historical research on political culture with corresponding methodologies. Particularly, they explicitly defined the position and significance of culture and psychology in the political world. Thus, historians incorporated irrational factors into political history and enhanced their senses and skills of contextualism. Moreover, they explored interpretive approaches along with causation models. On this basis, American political historians probed elite political culture, mass political culture, and political subcultures, and discovered new research topics by integrating new cultural history, transnational history, and emotional history. The strengths and weaknesses of historical studies of American political culture in the United States may provide inspirations for Chinese scholars to rethink and promote historical research on political culture in China.
 
 
 
 
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