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題名:大鵬灣風景區遊憩魅力分析與發展策略
作者:陳仁德
作者(外文):CHEN, JEN-TE
校院名稱:國立高雄師範大學
系所名稱:地理學系
指導教授:羅柳墀
洪富峰
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2021
主題關鍵詞:環境美學景觀美質評估魅力工學景觀偏好策略environmental aestheticsscenic beauty estimationmiryoku engineeringlandscape preferencestrategy
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大鵬灣為臺灣西南沿海最大的囊狀潟湖,於1992年經交通部觀光局評定為國家級風景特定區,並於1997年正式成立大鵬灣國家風景區管理處,並以大鵬灣為開發主體的風景區,2000年併入小琉球風景區。大鵬灣觀光資源豐富,但成立二十餘年,歷經投注各項開發建設後,遊客人數始終無法明顯增長,相較於其他國家風景區觀光客人數明顯落後。本研究動機基於此原因,試圖分析大鵬灣環境景觀魅力所在,並以提出相應的策略供開發管理單位參酌為目的。
本研究分三階段進行,第一階段為魅力因子分析,以評價構造法透過深入訪談十位對地方事務高涉入的在地人士深度訪談,歸納各項魅力因子,轉化成問卷題項並對外來遊客進行問卷調查,共成功訪問到285名遊客。魅力因子經歸納萃取出建築外觀、環境美感、交通便利、機能需求及遊憩價值等五大構面及24項魅力因子具體事項,並交叉比對一般及專業背景之遊客具顯著性之具體魅力因子,計有環境裝置的視覺美感、園區愉悅的聽覺感受、優質的遊憩親水空間、洋溢藝術感的海洋元素、豐富的自然生態環境、分布充足的停車空間、交通運輸與接駁可及性便利、符合人體工學之設施及令人親切感與感動服務態度等九項。第二階段為景觀偏好調查,根據色彩理論及碎形理論進行美質評估,分析景觀點位照片色彩屬性、色彩意象及色彩複雜度,進行問卷調查,分析各景觀點之意象評值,分別以十組色彩意象詞彙做為調查選項,驗證不同景觀色彩組成對色彩意象有顯著正向影響。研究結果顯示高明度與高彩度之黃藍色、偏綠色系,對於大鵬灣的景觀產生明亮、清新、新鮮與清涼等意象比較顯著。分析景觀點之色彩複雜度對景觀偏好之影響驗證不同景觀複雜度對景觀偏好有顯著影響。研究結果顯示,碎形維度與景觀偏好為顯著負相關,當景觀照片之複雜情形,即其碎形維度值越高時,景觀複雜度越高。分析景觀美質之水視率及綠視率與各項感知因子之關係曲線,結果顯示水視率與生動性及自然性呈現較高之正相關,與封閉性呈現負相關;綠視率與自然性高相關,與生動性、和諧性負相關。從景觀魅力因子訪談,歸納出魅力要項及景觀偏好色彩調查成果,經社會網絡中心性分析,連結關係項次由多到寡的景觀點排序依次前五名:青洲濱海遊憩區、濱灣公園、國際休閒特區、落日灣、鵬灣跨海大橋,代表遊客偏好的景觀點與魅力因子之間的緊密關聯程度。第三階段針對大鵬灣現有發展觀光之環境資源,內外部因素與正負面要素以SWOT分析其優勢為得天獨厚的地理環境、輻輳地帶、交通運輸、產業興盛及豐富觀光資源。劣勢為灣域內農漁業廢污水排入、水質惡化,停車空間、親水空間、綠化及園區標示不足。機會為受中央與地方的高度重視、地理優勢及自然資源。威脅為發展磁吸排擠、經濟不景氣、腹地狹小及發展平衡考驗等。
Dapeng Bay is the largest sac-shaped lagoon on the southwest coast of Taiwan. It was assessed as a national-level scenic spot by the Tourism Bureau of the Ministry of Communications in 1992. The Dapeng Bay National Scenic Area Management Office was formally established in 1997, and Dapeng Bay is the main body of development. Scenic area, merged into Xiao Liu-Qiu Scenic Area in 2000. Dapeng Bay is rich in tourism resources, but it has been established for more than 20 years. After various developments and constructions, the number of tourists has not been able to increase significantly. Compared with other countries, the number of tourists in scenic spots is obviously lagging behind. Based on this reason, the motivation of this research is to try to analyze the charm of Dapeng Bay's environmental landscape, and to propose corresponding strategies for the consideration of development management units.
This research is conducted in three stages. The first stage is the analysis of charm factors.Through in-depth interviews with ten local people who are highly involved in local affairs through in-depth interviews with the evaluation structure method,various charm factors are summarized and transformed into questionnaire items.A questionnaire survey was conducted by foreign tourists, and a total of 285 tourists were successfully interviewed. The charm factor has been summarized and extracted five major aspects of building appearance, environmental beauty,convenient transportation, functional requirements and recreational value, as well as 24 charm factors specific items, and cross-comparison of specific charm factors that are significant for tourists of general and professional backgrounds. It includes the visual beauty of environmental installations,pleasant hearing experience in the park, high-quality recreational water space,artistic marine elements, rich natural ecological environment, sufficient parking space, convenient transportation and connection accessibility, and compliance Nine items including ergonomic facilities and friendly and touching service attitude.
The second stage is the survey of landscape preference. According to the color theory and fractal theory, the aesthetic quality is evaluated, and the color attributes,color image and color complexity of the landscape photos are analyzed. Ten sets of color image vocabulary are used as survey options to verify that different landscape color components have a significant positive impact on color image.The results of the study show that the yellow-blue and greenish colors of high brightness and high chroma can produce bright, fresh, fresh and cool images of the Dapeng Bay landscape. Analyze the impact of the color complexity of the landscape point on the landscape preference to verify that different landscape complexity has a significant impact on the landscape preference. The research results show that the fractal dimension and landscape preference are significantly negatively correlated. When the landscape photo is complex, that is, the higher the fractal dimension value, the higher the complexity of the landscape. Analyzing the relationship curve between the water and green view ingrate and various perception factors of the beauty of the landscape, the results show that the water viewing rate is positively correlated with vividness and naturalness, and negatively related to the closure; the green viewing rate is correlated with Naturalness is highly correlated and negatively correlated with vividness and harmony. From the interviews with the landscape charm factors,the results of the survey on the charm elements and the color preference of the landscape are summarized. According to the analysis of the centrality of the social network, the top five scenic spots in order of connection relationship items: Qing-zhou Coastal Recreation Area, Bin-wan Park, The International Recreation Special Zone, Sunset Bay, and Pengwan Sea-crossing Bridge represent the close correlation between tourists' preferred scenic spots and attractive factors.
The third stage focuses on the existing environmental resources for tourism development in Dapeng Bay. The advantages of internal and external factors and positive and negative factors are analyzed by SWOT as the unique geographical environment,convergent areas, transportation, industrial prosperity and abundant tourism resources. The disadvantages are the discharge of agricultural and fishery waste water in the bay area, the deterioration of water quality, and insufficient parking space, hydrophilic space, greening and park markings.Opportunities are highly valued by the central and local governments,geographical advantages and natural resources. The threats are the development of magnetic attraction, economic downturn, small hinterland and the test of development balance.
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