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題名：土耳其民主轉型對世俗主義、宗教和市民社會的發展影響：以比較研究觀點分析 1938-2001年間的四次軍事政變衝擊
作者：安愛潔
作者(外文)：Ece Selma Atalay CHIU
校院名稱：國立成功大學
系所名稱：政治學系
指導教授：宋鎮照
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2022
主題關鍵詞：民主；鞏固；轉型；四次軍人政變；土耳其；Democracy；Consolidation；Transformation；Four Military Coups；Turkey
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民主總是會接近更好，因為它定義了無限的完美。民主是一種旨在糾正政府實踐缺陷的現象。從專制政體向民主政體的過渡稱為民主化。民主在提高經濟福利、國際和平、甚至國家政治質量等方面，確實發揮著重要作用。很多冷戰後參與民主化的國家，由於不夠有效率追求，而無法實現鞏固民主。
土耳其共和國由穆斯塔法•凱末爾•阿塔圖爾克於 1923 年所創立，被形容為一個以伊斯蘭為導向的國家，能在經濟、文化和政治上走向世俗國家發展的道路，取得巨大的成功。真正成功的緣由，主要是阿塔圖爾克在運用自己的想法後創建的共和國。1938年最高領導人去世後，土耳其多次嘗試爭取民主，最終引發政變。市場幾乎停滯不前，但是世俗國家最重要的保護者卻是軍隊。
社會試圖在發展階段中為自己確定最穩健的管理形式。根據政府形式和社會結構，出現了不同的模式和理論。讓許多作者對民主做出了不同的定義，並將其帶到當前的發展。
本論文對民主的概念及其形式進行了比較初步的闡釋，研究了民主的概念、原則以及民主進程的歷史發展。然後將討論土耳其民主的發展過程。本論文研究的目的強調欲通過詳細說明民主化進程中有效且重要的要素，就是如果土耳其沒有意識到民主，就無法發展民主，而是世俗化是土耳其民主化過程中的重要關鍵。
Democracy really plays an important role in raising the economic welfare, international peace and even the political quality of countries. Many countries that took part in democratization after the Cold War could not achieve consolidated democracy because they were insufficient. The Republic of Turkey, which was founded in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, was described as a perfect success of an Islamic-oriented state economically, culturally and politically on the way to becoming a secular state. The real success was the republic that Atatürk created after he applied his own ideas. After the supreme leader died in 1938, Turkey tried democracy many times and it resulted in coups. The market almost came to a standstill, and the most important protector of the secular state was the army. Societies have tried to determine the most robust form of management for themselves during the development phase. Different models and theories have emerged according to the form of government and the structure of society. Many writers have made different definitions of democracy and brought it to the present day. In this study, the concept of democracy and its forms have been tried to be explained comparatively also primarily, the concept of democracy, its principles and the historical development of the process will be researched. Then the development process of democracy in Turkey will be discussed. This study is to emphasize that democracy cannot be developed if Turkey is not conscious of democracy by specifying the elements that are effective in the democratization process.
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