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題名：面談的問題及其改進之道：兼評高考一級口試改革方案
書刊名：空大行政學報
作者：吳復新
作者(外文)：Wu, William Fu-hsin
出版日期：2000
卷期：10
頁次：頁27-67
主題關鍵詞：面談口試；效度；高考一級；評鑑中心法；集體口試；有主持人小組討論；Interview；Validity；Higher civil service examination；HCSE；Assessment center method；Group discussion
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(5) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:12
  • 點閱點閱:55
　　　　　本文從實務的角度，探討考選方法中之面談(即口試)的相關問題，並特別說我國國家考試的口試方法提出檢討。其次，針對目前考選部所擬採行之高考一級口試方法的改進措施予以評估。最後，再就如何改進口試方法，提出建議。依據筆者之分析，目前國家考試仍以筆試為主。口試為輔，而此二者之信度與效度卻常遭質疑。以口試而言，存在的問題就不少，筆者根據文獻資料整理，加上個人的工作經驗所得，歸納土十點予以討論。雖然口試的信度、效度都不高，但卻是一項被普遍採行約主要考選方法，其中當然有若干值得推敲的道理在。鑑於口試的問題不少，考選部乃擬採行在歐美國家頗為盛行的「評鑑中@c法」的概念，從事口試方法的改進。目前所擬採用之「集體口試」的「有主持人小組討論」即是評鑑中@C法之情境測驗的一種，它具有較高的效度。上述「集體口試」經過一番實驗後，其整套方法的施行已呈現一個雛型，同時其可行性大致也獲得確認。然而，仍有幾點值得進一步繼續追蹤與落實;例如「集體口試」的名稱是否名實相符，似有問題，應再研究。又是否所有「集體口試」的口試(或命題)委員皆能做好命題、觀察以及評鑑的工作，尚有疑問，宜及早未雨尚繆，並針對上述各項工作，施以必要的訓練。雖然如此，考選部的改革方向與作法、態度以及決心，均極為正確，仍值得高度的肯定。當然，我們也期盼此一改革措施能夠順利、成功，為我國考選業務的未來發展樹立一個新的里程碑。
　　　　　In today's human resource management (HRM), interview is a widely used device(or technique) in selection, performance appraisal and counseling. Selection, in particular,relies heavily upon interview in that people are anxious to see others (applicants) inperson in order to make more sound evaluation. However, according to the findings of many academic researches, interview is not avalid method to help make the employment decision because there are quite a fewproblems involved in the interviewing process. This article is intended to explore these potential problems which are supposed toaccount for the low validity of interview. In doing so, the author focuses his attention onreviewing how the interview as a component of the Higher Civil Service Examination(hereinafter referred to as HCSE) is conducted. Then, the author examines the reformmeasures proposed by the Ministry of Selection to improve the interview's validity of HCSE (applied to "1st Grade " level only), in which one of the simulation exercises oftenused in an assessment center is first introduced, i.e. Group Discussion. To conclude, the author provides some feasible recommendations on how toimprove the interview in general, and the one to be used in HCSE in particular.
期刊論文
1.Robertson, I. T.、Makin, P. J.(1986)。Management selection in Britain: A survey and critique。Journal of Occupational Psychology，59，45-57。  new window
2.Arvey, R. D.、Campion, J. E.(1982)。The employment interview: A summary and review of recent research。Personnel Psychology，35，281-327。  new window
3.Arvey, R. D.(1979)。Unfair discrimination in the employment interview: Legal and psychological aspects。Psychological Bulletin，86，736-776。  new window
4.Cann, A.、Siegfried, W. I.、Pearce, L.(1981)。Forced attention to specific applicant qualifications: Impact of physical attractiveness and sex on applicant biases。Personnel Psychology，34，65-75。  new window
5.Dipboye, R. L.、Wiley, J. W.(1977)。Reactions of college recruiters to interviewee sex and self-presentation style。Journal of Vocational Behaviour，10，1-12。  new window
6.Edinger, J. A.、Patterson, M. L.(1983)。Nonverbal involvment and social control。Psychological Bulletin，93，30-56。  new window
7.Forsythe, S.、Drake, M. F.、Cox, C. E.(1985)。Influence of applicants'dress on interviews' selection decisions。Journal of Applied Psychology，70，374-378。  new window
8.Heilman, M. E.、Stropeck, M. H.(1985)。Attractiveness and coprorate success: Different causal attributions for male and females。Journal of Applied Psychology，70(2)，370-388。  new window
9.Keenan, A.、Logue, C.(1985)。Interviewing women。Personnel Management，1985(Apr.)。  new window
10.Latham, G. P.、Saari, L. M.、Purseil, E. D.、Campion, M. A.(1980)。The situational interview。Journal of Applied Psychology，65，422-427。  new window
11.Shackleton, V.、Newell, S.(1991)。Management selection: A comparative survey of methods used in top British and French companies。Journal of Occupational Psychology，64，23-36。  new window
12.陳彰儀、張裕隆(19920900)。以結構式晤談甄選壽險推銷員之信度與效度分析研究。人力資源學報，2，99-114。  延伸查詢new window
13.Latham, Gary P.、Saari, Lise M.(1984)。Do people do what they say? Further studies on the situational interview。Journal of Applied Psychology，69(4)，569-573。  new window
14.吳復新(19970500)。評鑑中心法之評鑑工具的選擇與模擬演習的設計。空大行政學報，7，1-39。new window  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.吳復新(199201)。評鑑中心法與管理人才考選之研究(博士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.黃一峰(1998)。管理才能評鑑中心建構效度及其影響因素之研究(博士論文)。國立政治大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Cascio, W. F.(1987)。Applied psychology in personnel management。Prentice-Hall。  new window
2.Morgan, R. B.、Smith, J. E.(1996)。Staffing the New Workplace: Selecting and Promoting for Quality Improvement。Milwaukee, WI：ASQC Quality Press。  new window
3.Cascio, Wayne F.(1982)。Applied Psychology in Personnel Management。Reston, Virginia：Reston Publishing Company。  new window
4.Ivancevich, John M.(1992)。Human Resource Management: Foundations of Personnel。Homewood, IL：Richard D. Irwin。  new window
5.Thornton, George C. III(1992)。Assessment Centers in Human Resource Management。Reading, Mass：Addison-Wesley。  new window
6.考選部(1997)。考選法規彙編。台北市：考選部。  延伸查詢new window
7.吳復新(1998)。人力資源管理。台北縣：國立空中大學。  延伸查詢new window
8.徐木蘭(1983)。見樹又見林。台北：經濟與生活出版事業公司。  延伸查詢new window
9.Cascio, W. F.(1998)。Managing Human Resources: Productivity, Quality of Work Life, Profits。New York：McGraw-Hill。  new window
10.Dreher, G. F.、Sackett, P. R.(1983)。Perspectives on Employee Staffing and Selection: Readings and Commentary。Homewood, IL：Richard D. Irwin。  new window
11.Dunnette, M. D.、Hough, L. M.(1990)。Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology。Palo Alto, CA：Consulting Psychologist Press。  new window
12.Gatewood, R. D.、Feild, H. S.(1990)。Human Resource Selection。Chicago：The Dryden Press。  new window
13.Howell, W. C.、Dipboye, R. L.(1982)。Essentials of Industrial and Organizational Psychology。Homewood, IL：The Dorsey Press。  new window
14.Milkovich, George T.、Boudreau, John W.(1994)。Human Resource Management。Boston, MA：Irwin。  new window
15.Muchinsky, P. M.(1990)。Psychology Applied to Work: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology。Pacific Grove, CA：Brooks/Cole Publishing Company。  new window
16.Porter, L. W.、Lawler, E. E. III、Hackman, J. R.(1975)。Behavior in Organizations。New York：McGraw-Hill。  new window
17.Schneider, B.、Schmit, N.(1986)。Staffing Organizations。New York：Harper Collins。  new window
18.Schneider, B.(1976)。Staffing Organizations。Pacific Palisades, CA：Goodyear。  new window
19.Thornton, G. C. III、Byham, W. C.(1982)。Assessment Center and Managerial Performance。New York：Academic Press。  new window
20.Triandis, H. C.、Dunnette, M. D.、Hough, L. M.(1994)。Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology。Palo Alto, CA：Consulting Psychologist Press。  new window
21.Wanous, J. P.(1980)。Organizational Entry: Recrutiment, Selection, and Socialization of Newcomers。Reading. MA：Addison-Wesley。  new window
22.Wanous, J. P.(1992)。Organizational Entry: Recruitment, Selection, Orientation, and Socialization。Reading. MA：Addison-Wesley。  new window
23.Wellin, M.(1984)。Behavior Technology: A New Approach to Managing People at Work。Hants ,England：Gower。  new window
24.Dessler, Gary(1994)。Human Resource Management。Prentice Hall International Editions。  new window
25.何永福、楊國安(1993)。人力資源策略管理。台北：三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
26.張潤書(1988)。行政學。臺北市：三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
27.Dessler, Gary(2000)。Human Resource Management。Prentice-Hall, Inc.。  new window
其他
1.吳復新(19930606)。國家考試的改進之道。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Robertson, I. T.、Iles, P. A.(1988)。Approaches to managerial selection。International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology。John Wiley & Sons。  new window
2.Robertson, I. T.、Smith, M.(1989)。Personnel selection methods。Advances in Selection and Assessment。Chichester, England：John Wiley & Sons。  new window
 
 
 
 
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