本文的目的在於從文獻的耙梳來重建傳統的巴丹文化形貌，並比較其與雅美文化的異同，第二節起至第七節依次論述兩地的生計活動、衣飾、房舍、舟船武器、社會組織及宗教儀式；經過比較之後，我們固然可以發現巴丹島的傳統文化與雅美文化有若干相似之處，但是相異之處卻更有過之。第八節提出巴丹移民抵達蘭嶼後，面臨生態環境的大幅改變、原有社會結構的難以複製，以及島上其他族群文化元素的採借等三個原因，以解釋兩地文化發展的逐漸分道揚鑣。

The purpose of this article is to re-construct the ancient Batanese culture from documentary research and compare it with traditional Yami culture. I analyse the economic activitites, clothing, housing, boats and weapons, social system and religious rituals of the ancient Batan Islanders, and compare them with those of the Yami, showing that there are more differences than similarities. The reasons for these differences are 1) after arriving on Botel Tobago from Batan, the Yami had to adapt to a new environment, 2) they were influenced by other tribes inhabited on the island, and 3) they consequently had difficulty rebuilding their orginal social system.