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題名：對外投資與勞動結構調整：臺灣的實證分析
書刊名：人文及社會科學集刊
作者：林祖嘉 引用關係／黃啟宏
作者(外文)：Lin, Chu-chia／Hwang, Chi-horng
出版日期：2006
卷期：18:1
頁次：頁171-214
主題關鍵詞：對外投資；勞動結構；臺商；Direct foreign investment；Structure change of labor demand；Taiwan
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:7
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:31
1980年以來，臺灣開始對外投資，結果一方面造成生產的外移，一方面也使得國內製造業結構迅速轉型，從而勞動結構也受到明顯影響。本文先將勞動變動拆解成產業內變動與產業間變動，結果我們發現臺灣勞動變化先是以減少產業內、非技術勞動為主；然後，在1987年之後，再擴大為產業間的減少。為進一步追究對外投資對國內勞動結構的影響，我們把對外投資區分成赴海外投資與赴大陸投資，並估計其對就業結構的影響。我們利用1980到2002的年資料，並把製造業分成12個產業，進行迴歸分析，結果發現赴海外投資造成對國內技術員工需求的增加，赴大陸投資則造成對國內非技術員工需求的減少。由於兩者都使非技術員工的相對比例減少，同時使技術員工相對比例增加，造成勞動結構往上調整的結果，與利用產業內及產業間勞動變動的發現一致。
When Taiwanese firms started their foreign investment in 1980, the manufacturing sector of Taiwan was facing drastic structural changes and, at the same time, the employment structure was also facing significant changes. In this study, we divide the employment changes into “employment change within industry” and “employment change between industry”, and we find that before 1987 the decreasing labor demand was caused mainly from “within industry” changes and mainly for unskilled labor jobs. After 1987, there was a greater decrease of labor due to change “between industry” and for unskilled labor jobs, since lots of Taiwanese firms started to invest in Mainland China. In order to estimate the impact of investment abroad on labor demand in Taiwan, we separate the foreign investment into investment in Mainland China and investment overseas (excluding Mainland China) first, and we apply a data set with a annual data from 1980 to 2002 with 12 industries in the manufacturing sector in Taiwan. Applying a SUR method to estimate the impact of foreign investment on labor demand in Taiwan, we find that investment overseas increase labor demand for skilled labor; however investment in Mainland China decrease labor demand for unskilled labor. Since both types of investment cause labor demand to shift to skilled labor, the result is consistent with our findings for the change of labor demand “between industry” and “within industry”.
期刊論文
1.謝寬裕(19990800)。臺灣產業外移與產業空洞化之檢驗。臺灣經濟金融月刊，35(8)=415，40-65。  延伸查詢new window
2.Fors, G.、Blomstrom, M.、Lipsey, R.(1997)。Foreign Direct Investment and Employment: Home Country Experience in the United States and Sweden。The Economic Journal，107(445)，1787-1797。  new window
3.Braconier, H.、Ekholm, K.(2000)。Swedish Multinationals and Competition from High-and Low-Wage Locations。Review of International Economics，8(3)，448-461。  new window
4.Griliches, Z.(1969)。Capital-skill Complementarity。The Review of Economics and Statistics，51(4)，465-468。  new window
5.Head, K.、Ries, J.(2002)。Offshore production and skill upgrading by Japanese manufacturing firms。International Journal of Economics，58(1)，81-105。  new window
6.Feenstra, R. C.、Hanson, G. H.(1996)。Globalization, Outsourcing, and Wage Inequality。American Economic Review，86，240-245。  new window
7.Johnson, George、Bound, John(1992)。Changes in the Structure of Wages in the 1980's: An Evaluation of Alternative Explanations。American Economic Review，82(3)，371-392。  new window
8.尚長(2002)。台灣電子業產業兩岸分工與全球佈局策略。經濟前瞻，83，74-81。  延伸查詢new window
9.張瀞云(20010300)。全球化與臺灣勞動受雇結構轉變。經濟情勢暨評論，6(4)，87-96。  延伸查詢new window
10.顧瑩華(20020700)。對外投資對臺灣就業的影響。經濟前瞻，82，63-66。  延伸查詢new window
11.Thirlwall, A. P.(1982)。De-industrialization in the UK。Lloyds Bank Review，134，22-37。  new window
12.Parks, Richard W.(1967)。Efficient Estimation of A System of Regression Equations when Disturbances are Both Serially and Contemporaneously Correlated。Journal of the American Statistical Association，62(318)，500-509。  new window
13.Berman, Eli、Bound, John、Griliches, Zvi(1994)。Changes in the demand for skilled labor within U. S. Manufacturing: evidence from the annual survey of manufactures。The Quarterly Journal of Economics，109(2)，367-398。  new window
14.Katz, Lawrence F.、Murphy, Kevin M.(1992)。Changes in relative wages, 1963-1987: Supply and demand factors。Quarterly Journal of Economics，107(1)，35-78。  new window
15.Lipsey, R. E.、Weiss, Merle Yahr(1981)。Foreign Production and Exports in Manufacturing Industries。The Review of Economics and Statistics，63(4)，488-494。  new window
16.Lipsey, E. Robert、Ramstetter, Eric D.、Blomström, Magnus(2000)。Outward FDI and Parent Exports and Employment: Japan the United State, and Sweden。Global Economic Quarterly，1(4)，285-302。  new window
17.Mundell, Robert A.(1957)。International Trade and Factor Mobility。The American Economic Review，47(3)，321-335。  new window
18.Machin, S.、Reenen, J. V.(1988)。Technology and Changes in the Skill Structure: Evidence from Seven OECD Countries。The Quarterly Journal of Economics，113，1215-1244。  new window
19.Slaughter, M. J.(2000)。Production Transfer within Multinational Enterprises and American Wages。Journal of International Economics，50，449-472。  new window
會議論文
1.陳添枝、陳一萍、高長、吳世英、季聲國(1993)。對外投資對台灣產業的影響。中華經濟研究院國內經濟研究會，495-528。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.高長、吳世英、季聲國(1995)。臺商與外商在大陸投資經驗之調查研究--以製造業為例(第二年)。臺北：中華經濟研究院。  延伸查詢new window
2.Lispey, Robert E.(1994)。Outward direct investment and the U.S. economy。  new window
3.吳惠林、辛炳隆、李俊屛(1995)。產業外移對台灣就業市場的影響。  延伸查詢new window
4.嚴宗大、林昱君、鍾琴(1992)。台商大陸投資及貿易之研究。  延伸查詢new window
5.Lipsey, R. E.(2002)。Home and Host Country Effects of FDI。Cambridge, MA：National Bureau of Economic Research。  new window
6.顏吉利、吳忠吉、陳博志、李玉春、陳春足、陳秀珠(1993)。對外投資對我國製造業之影響研究報告。臺北：臺灣經濟研究院。  延伸查詢new window
7.Brainard, S. L.、Riker, D.(1997)。US Multinationals and Competition from Low Wage Countries。  new window
8.Kravis, I.、Lipsey, R.(1988)。The Effects of Multinational Firms' Foreign Operations on Their Domestic Employment。  new window
9.Mincer, J.(1991)。Human capital, technology, and the wage structure: What do time series show?。  new window
學位論文
1.李俊屏(1997)。海外投資對國內勞動需求結構的影響(碩士論文)。文化大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.周尚民(1998)。技術變動、海外投資與勞動需求：台灣的實證研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Hamermesh, D. S.(1993)。Labor Demand。Princeton, NJ：Princeton University Press。  new window
2.Kmenta, Jan(1997)。Elements of Econometrics。Ann Arbor, MI：University of Michigan Press。  new window
3.洪麗春(1991)。我國對外投資政策之研究。行政院經濟建設委員會。  延伸查詢new window
4.陳添枝、王文娟、蘇顯揚、劉碧珍(1987)。推動對外投資的政策檢討。台北：中華經濟研究院。  延伸查詢new window
5.嚴大宗、李惠琴(1990)。台商大陸投資及其對台灣產業的影響。中華經濟研究院。  延伸查詢new window
6.高希均、李誠、林祖嘉(1992)。臺灣突破：兩岸經貿追蹤。台北：天下遠見出版股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
7.Bluestone, Barry、Harrison, Bennett(1982)。The Deindustrialization of America。New York：Basic Books。  new window
8.高希均、林祖嘉、林文玲、許彩雪(1995)。台商經驗：投資大陸的現場報導。台北：天下文化。  延伸查詢new window
9.Kmenta, J.(1971)。Elements of Econometrics。New York, NY：Macmillan Company。  new window
10.Varian, Hal R.(1992)。Microeconomic Analysis。W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.。  new window
單篇論文
1.林祖嘉(2004)。電子資訊產業赴大陸投資對兩岸貿易與分工影響之研究。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Brown, R. S.、Christensen, L. R.(1981)。Estimating Elasticities of Subutitation in a Model of Partial Static Equilibrium; An Application to U.S. Agriculture, 1947 to 1974。Modeling and Measuring Natural Resource Substitation。Cambridge, Mass：MIT Press。  new window
2.藍科正、吳惠林、林嘉慧(1995)。臺灣地區高級人力需求之實證分析。人口、就業與福利論文集。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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