Ever since the implementation of privatization and de-regulation in 1980s, related dialectic issues have long been ones which can hardly be ceased. Despite the fact that the supporters have given high appraisal to the induction of privatization and de-regulation into market competition through privatization or de-regulation as they think such practice will not result in price drop, but lead to the effect of service improvement and maximize consumer's profit. Notwithstanding the supports' argument, the opponents, however, have brought up criticisms that the poor results arising from the course of business competition will give effects upon the profits of the remote areas or economically-disadvantaged groups after the implementation of privatization and de-regulation. To address aforesaid controversial issues, what function the government can produce will play a key role. This essay takes Taiwan Railway Administration and Taiwan Motor Transport Company Ltd., top two state-owned traffic services in Taiwan, as the case study to analyze the government's role during the course of privatization and de-regulation policy and delve into the change of government's function. Findings indicate that privatization symbolizes the redistribution of national and social responsibilities, rather than government's abandonment of control and supervision over the area of privatization, while the involved issue is only the change of theoretical foundations and methods of control. Notwithstanding, empirical observation and analysis show that despite the promotion of the said policy by Taiwan government, one issue is not identified clearly that it doesn't means the decrease of recession of government's function but the fact that government's function is shifted from the provider of public services to the supervisor.