In last few years, among mental diseases that elementary and secondary school age students have, "school refusal" has been dramatically increasing in Taiwan. School refusal behavior, referring to a student's refusal to attend school or difficulty remaining in classes for an entire day, in children and adolescents at school age is complicated and it includes many internal as well as external behavioral disturbances. School refusal is a challenging issue for parents, school personnel and mental health professionals. The paper first reviews the research and articles on school refusal in children and adolescents, especially focusing on the definitions, common characteristics, categorical diagnoses, relevant factors, assessment and treatment strategies. Next, two cases who were referred to "Taipei City Students with Special Needs Emotional and Behavioral Problems Intervention Team" due to their serious school refusal problems are described. They are both diagnosed as Autism Syndrome. Their referral behavioral problems were significantly improved after the intervention. The article presents the details of the assessment, intervention process and effectiveness based on the guidelines, inclusive of collaboration, environmental adjustment and positive views of behavioral problems, of the positive behavioral support approach. Finally, practical experiences and the research conclusion of references are investigated and discussed in terms of their consistency, and afterwards suggestions are addressed.