「新民學會」是由毛澤東及其同學所組成的學術團體，它無論是在毛澤東的思想發展還是在政治運動上都扮演相當重要的角色；簡言之，通過「新民學會」，毛澤東身體力行地去實踐當時流行於民國初年的各種思想，其中特別是梁啟超的「新民學說」，並且在稍後轉向到社會主義；也是透過「新民學會」，毛澤東有了第一次將其理想實踐的憑藉，並且在「新民學會」這一所謂的「學術團體」上形塑其政治理想性格。 要探討毛澤東及其思想發展的過程，理解與分析他在「新民學會」時期的思想狀況是一個重要的關鍵。

“Xinmin lnstitute” is a academic group which is found by Mao Zedong and his schoolmates. It is a quite important role in Mao Zedong's thought development and the political activity. In short, Mao Zedong practiced almost each thought by “Xinmin lnstitute” at that time, specially “Xinmin Theory” of Liang Qichao. And Mao Zedong was changing to be a socialist later. Mao Zedong also had opportunity to practice his ideal first time by “Xinmin lnstitute”, and Mao shape his model of political ideal disposition in this “academic group” which he held. If we want to research the development process Mao’s thought, it is an important key to understand and analyse Mao’s condition of though in “Xinmin lnstitute” period.