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題名:先天道嶺南道脈的思想和實踐:以廣東清遠飛霞洞為例
書刊名:民俗曲藝
作者:志賀市子
作者(外文):Shiga, Ichiko
出版日期:2011
卷期:173
頁次:頁23-58
主題關鍵詞:先天道廣東嶺南道脈清遠飛霞洞救世團體XiantiandaoGuangdongLingnan branchFeixia dongQingyuan CountyRedemptive societies
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本文探討先天道(先天大道)嶺南道脈,即近代廣東地區所出現的新型態道教社團運動之一。先天道是以清代雍正年間在江西創立的無為金丹道(也被稱為青蓮教)為前身的宗教教派,其源流可以追溯到明代成立的羅教。先天道於十九世紀後半進入廣東地區以來,其教派勢力在幾十年之間,急劇地擴大到廣東全區。本文先追溯先天道在嶺南地區發展的經過和背景,其次以隸屬嶺南道脈中最大規模的「清遠飛霞洞」為個案,探討先天道的信徒和活動,及其思想和實踐。清遠飛霞洞是由麥長天提倡,從 1912年起在清遠飛來峽的嵎峽山建立的。飛霞洞最繁榮的是二十世紀二、三十年代,當時有數百餘名男女信徒生活其間。本文特別關注清遠飛霞洞的文獻,探討清遠飛霞洞信徒的面貌、活動、事業的實際情況,及其修養觀和死生觀。此外,探討飛霞洞的領袖之一何廷璋與他所編輯的《天人秘籙》的思想。最後提及 1949年後飛霞洞成為「取締反動會道門運動」攻擊對象的經過。
This article intends to examine the ideas and practices of the Lingnan branch of the Xiantiandao (Great Way of Former Heaven) in modern Guangdong by focusing on the Feixia dong (Cave of Flying Clouds), its largest-scale vegetarian hall. One of the famous redemptive societies, the Xiantiandao was the successor to a popular religious sect called Wuwei jindandao (another name for the Qinglianjiao) founded in Jiangxi during the reign of the Yongzheng emperor (1722–1736); its origins can be traced to the Luojiao, which arose during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). The Lingnan branch spread rapidly all over Guangdong within just a few decades after a member of Xiantiandao from Hunan preached its ideas in Qingyuan County during the mid-nineteenth century, with construction of the Feixia dong beginning on a Daoist sacred mountain Yuxia in 1912. Its founder Mai Changtian was a wealthy merchant who ventured his entire fortune on this construction project. During its heyday from the 1920s to 1930s, hundreds of male and female members practiced a vegetarian diet and self-cultivation, withdrawing from the secular world. By examining various documents from the Feixia dong, the paper not only focuses attention on its members, activities and businesses, but also treats its ideas about life and death as seen in its scriptures and rituals. I also examine the ideas of a series of spirit-written oracles entitled Tianren milu, which was edited by He Tingzhang, a prominent leader of Lingnan branch. After 1949, the Feixia dong was persecuted by the Communist Party, becoming a target of the campaign to eradicate “reactionary sects and secret societies” that arose in 1953.
期刊論文
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3.宇文(1956)。紫霞洞概述。大道,創刊號,27。  延伸查詢new window
4.志賀市子(2005)。近代嶺南道教史上的「仙館」初探。臺灣宗教研究通訊,7,93-112。  延伸查詢new window
5.林萬傳(1996)。泰國先天道源流暨訪問記實。民間宗教,4,139-152。  延伸查詢new window
6.曾道洸(1957)。藏霞古洞源流紀略。大道,2,32-33。  延伸查詢new window
7.曾道洸。陳昌賢先生傳略。大道,2,29。  延伸查詢new window
8.志賀市子(2002)。先天道嶺南道派の展開--その理念と担い手を中心に。東方宗教,99,18-42。  延伸查詢new window
9.志賀市子(2010)。近代広東における先天道の興隆と東南アジア地域への展開--潮州からタイへの伝播と適応を中心に。茨城キリスト教大学紀要,44,145-162。  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.Goossaert, Vincent(2009)。The Modern History of Daoism: State of the Field and Future Directions.”。香港。  new window
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2.志賀市子(1999)。近代中国のシャーマニズムと道教--香港の道壇と扶乩信仰。東京:勉誠。  延伸查詢new window
3.廣州宗教志編纂委員會(1996)。廣州宗教志。廣州:廣東人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.程美寶(2006)。地域文化與國家認同:晚清以來「廣東文化」觀的形成。北京:生活.讀書.新知三聯書店。  延伸查詢new window
5.韓秉芳、馬西沙(1992)。中國民間宗教史。上海人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.三水縣地方志編纂委員會(1995)。三水縣志。廣州:廣東人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
7.何廷璋(1916)。天人秘籙。清遠。  延伸查詢new window
8.田邵邨(1982)。道脈總源流正本 (香江新界桃源洞梧桐山人田邵邨序)。香港。  延伸查詢new window
9.香港九龍東山賓霞洞(1949)。賓霞叢錄。香港。  延伸查詢new window
10.何昌達、何廷璋(1931)。飛霞洞誌。廣州。  延伸查詢new window
11.何昌達、何廷璋(1934)。飛霞洞規章全集。香港。  延伸查詢new window
12.何昌達、何廷璋(1935)。飛霞洞二十二周年孔聖誕紀念特刊。廣州。  延伸查詢new window
13.夏明(1953)。反動會道門在廣東的罪惡活動。廣州。  延伸查詢new window
14.紹善壇(1958)。洞冥寶記。香港。  延伸查詢new window
15.楊勁(1987)。飛霞勝處在天然。清遠名勝古蹟. 清遠文史資料第六期。清遠。  延伸查詢new window
16.淺井紀(2005)。無生老母への誘い--齋教、青蓮教、一貫道。結社が描く中国近現代。東京。  延伸查詢new window
17.張開文(1931)。故主持麥長天先生行述。飛霞洞誌。廣州。  延伸查詢new window
18.張開文(1931)。總序後跋。飛霞洞誌。廣州。  延伸查詢new window
19.游子安(2003)。道脈綿延話藏霞--從清遠到香港先天道堂的傳承。結網二編。臺北:東大圖書公司。  延伸查詢new window
20.武內房司(1998)。清末宗教結社と民衆運動--青蓮教劉儀順派を中心に。中國民衆史への視座(新シノロジー‧歴史編。東京。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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