菲律賓人權委員會--人民力量之興起與失落__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	菲律賓人權委員會--人民力量之興起與失落
書刊名：	臺灣國際法季刊
作者：	廖福特
作者(外文)：	Liao, Fu-te
出版日期：	2010
卷期：	7:4
頁次：	頁163-232
主題關鍵詞：	菲律賓人權委員會；巴黎原則；憲政架構；獨立機關；人權政策；Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines；Paris Principles；Constitutional structure；Independent institution；Human rights policy
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:2 共同引用:8 點閱:37

本文分析菲律賓人權委員會之規範、組織及職權是否符合「巴黎原則」及其在實踐國際人權標準所扮演之角色。本文認為人權委員會之設立是人民革命之成果，菲律賓以憲法作為人權委員會之法律基礎是重要之典範，但是卻缺乏法律層級之規範。就組織面向而言，人權委員會之委員任命方式及預算編列，恐影響其獨立性。委員過渡偏重律師，無法具備多元性。人權委員會得以自行任命職員，但是必須受公務人員之規範，不過人權委員會已發展出完整之職權分工。在職權部分，就作為橋樑而言，人權委員會成功地促使菲律賓批准非常多人權條約，但是卻難以監督菲律賓政府實踐國際人權條約。人權委員會都有非常完整的聯絡網，不過與民間團體之合作是不足的。就作為促進者而言，人權委員會對諸多法案提出意見，亦進行廣泛之人權教育，但是尚無系統性之研究以確知其成效。就作為保護者而言，人權委員會僅有限縮的調查權範疇，亦缺乏附屬的權力，因此成為沒有牙齒的老虎。人權委員會只能給予被害人有限之金錢協助，不過人權委員會得以透過協助或參與訴訟之模式，直接協助被害人。

以文找文

This essay examines whether rules, structures and functions of the Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines comply with "Paris Principles," and what is the role that the Commission plays while implementing international human rights standards.It is believed that establishment of the Commission was the fruit of the people's revolution. The Commission, who was a constitutional creature, could be regarded as a great model. However, it lacked statutory norm.Regarding its structure, the ways of appointing members and allocating budget could affect the Commission's independence. As most of its members were lawyers, the Commission was not diversified. The Commission could appoint its staffs who were however subjected to rules of civil servants.As to the Commission's functions, it, being a bridge, successfully promoted the Philippines to ratify many international human rights instruments. However, the Commission had no ability to monitor their implementations. The Commission had worked out a good connection net, although its cooperation with human rights NGOs was not sufficient. The Commission, being as a promoter, delivered many opinions on law bills, and exercised broad human rights education programs. But it was difficult to evaluate their achievements systemically. The Commission could not be regarded as a full protector, as its ambit of investigation was limited and related powers were not granted. Therefore the Commission became a tiger without teeth. The Commission could offer only limited compensation to victims, but it could assist directly through litigations at courts.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Robertson, Philip S. Jr.(2003)。Setting the Facts Straight: the Critical Role of the NHRC in a Labor Solidarity。Thailand Human Rights Journal，1，145。
2.	廖福特(20080600)。馬來西亞國家人權委員會之研究。臺北大學法學論叢，66，77-137。延伸查詢
3.	Thio, L. A.(1999)。Implementing Human Rights in ASEAN Countries: Promises to Keep and Miles to Go before I Sleep。Yale Human Rights & Development Law Journal，2，1-99。
4.	廖福特(20090300)。南韓國家人權委員會--國際人權在國內體制實踐。臺灣國際法季刊，6(1)，7-73。延伸查詢
5.	廖福特(20090300)。泰國國家人權委員會之設立及發展--在軍事政變與民主立憲之間。中研院法學期刊，4，1-79。延伸查詢
6.	Evans, Carolyn(2004)。Human Rights Commissions and Religious Conflict in the Asia-Pacific Region。International and Comparative Law Quarterly，53，713-729。
7.	Kumar, C. Raj(2003)。National Human Rights Institutions: Good Governance Perspectives on Institutionalization of Human Rights。American University International Law Review，19(2)，259-300。
8.	林文程(19970300)。民主政治與菲律賓的社會改革。國立中山大學社會科學季刊，1(1)，253-282。延伸查詢
9.	陳鴻瑜(1987)。菲律賓新舊憲法之比較。問題與研究，26(6)，1-11。延伸查詢
10.	陳新民(200707)。動盪時期法治國原則的檢驗--菲律賓最高法院若干判例的研究。法治國家原則之檢驗，379-423。延伸查詢
11.	Abueva, Jose Veloso(19761101)。Filipino Democracy and the American Legacy。The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science，428(1)，114。
12.	Schreiber, Ariane M.(1996)。States That Kill: Discretion and the Death Penalty -- A Worldwide Perspective。Cornell International Law Journal，29，263。
13.	Thompson, Mark R.(1996)。Off the Endangered List: Philippine Democratization in Comparative Perspective。Comparative Politics，28(2)，179-206。
14.	Van Dyke, Jon M.(2005)。Promoting Accountability for Human Rights Abuses。Chapman Law Review，8(148)，148-171。

會議論文
1.	Canadian Human Rights Foundation、Philippine Commission on Human Rights(2000)。National Human Rights Institutions at Work Regional Workshop in Economic, Social and Cultural Rights。Canada：Canadian Human Rights Foundation and Philippine Commis-sion on Human Rights。
2.	Quisumbing, Purificacion C. Valera(200709)。Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines: “Significant Developments, Challenges and Prospects on the 20th Year"。The 12th Annual Meeting of the Asia Pacific Forum of National Human Rights Institutions，Sydney, Australia (會議日期: 24-27 September 2007)。
3.	Yambao, Vicent Pepito F.(201003)。Comparative Table of Domestic Human Rights Mechanisms (Philippines)(會議日期: 26-27 March 2010)，51-61。

圖書
1.	Christie, Kenneth、Roy, Denny(2001)。The Politics of Human Rights in East Asia。London：Pluto Press。
2.	大英國協秘書處(2001)。國家人權機構最佳作法。國家人權機構最佳作法。雪梨：大英國協秘書處。延伸查詢
3.	International Council on Human Rights Policy and Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights(2005)。Assessing the Effectiveness of National Human Rights Institutions。International Council on Human Rights Policy and Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights。
4.	United Nations Centre for Human Rights(1994)。Fact Sheet No. 19, National Institutions for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights。United Nations Centre for Human Rights。
5.	Pohjolainen, Anna-Elina(2006)。The Evolution of National Human Rights Institutions The Role of the United Nations。Denmark：The Danish Institute for Human Rights。
6.	陳鴻瑜(2003)。菲律賓史：東西文明交會的島國。臺北：三民書局。延伸查詢
7.	United Nations(1995)。Professional Training Series NO. 4 National Human Rights Institutions。Professional Training Series NO. 4 National Human Rights Institutions。Centre for Human Rights。
8.	South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre(1998)。National Human Rights Institutions in the Asia Pacific Region。South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre。
9.	奧諾弗禮‧D、高布斯、吳文煥(2000)。在我們集體記憶中的菲律賓革命。菲律賓華裔青年聯合會。延伸查詢
10.	趙江林、孟東梅(2005)。菲律賓--奇麗的島國。香港城市大學出版社。延伸查詢
11.	Bernas, S.J.、Joaquin(1996)。The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines: A Commentary。Rex Book Store。
12.	Claude, Richard Pierre(1996)。Educating for Human Rights The Philippines and Beyond。University of the Philippines Press。
13.	Cruz, Isagani(1993)。Constitutional Law。Central Lawbook Publishing Co., Inc.。
14.	Gamboa, Melquiades Jereos(1969)。An Introduction to Philippine Law。Lawyers Co-operative Pub. Co.。
15.	Government Human Rights Commissions in Africa(2001)。Human Rights Watch, Protectors or Pretenders?。Government Human Rights Commissions in Africa。
16.	International Commission of Jurists(1991)。The Failed Promise: Human Rights in the Philippines Since the Revolution of 1986。International Commission of Jurists。
17.	Maragay, Dino(20090421)。Senate bill seeks to empower human rights group。philstar.com。
18.	Nachura, Antonio Eduardo B.、Malaya, Jonathan E.(2003)。Liberal Views on Constitutional Reform。National Institute for Policy Studies。
19.	Robison, Mary(2006)。A Voice for Human Rights。University of Pennsylvania Press。

其他
1.	Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights(2002)。The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights Booklet。
2.	(20090314)。CHR urges Arroyo to certify human rights bills。
3.	Brigido R. Simon, Jr.(19940105)。Carlos Quimpo, Carlito Abelardo, Generoso Ocampo v. the Commission on Human Rights Commission。
4.	Bureau of Democracy(19990206)。Human Rights and Labor, United States Department of State。
5.	Chairman Sedfrey A.，Ordoňez, Comm.，Samuel M. Soriano，Comm. Hesiquio R. Mallillin，Comm. Narcisco C.，Monteiro, Comm(19940804)。Paulyynn Paredes-Sicam, the Commission on Human Rights v. Director of Prisons, G.R. No. 115576。
6.	(19931001)。Commission on Human Rights v. Civil Service Commission and Atty。
7.	Commission on Human Rights(19990428)。Resolution 1999/72, E/CN.41 RES/1999/72。
8.	Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights(20081124)。Consideration of Reports Submitted by States Parties under Articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant Philippines Concluding Observations of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, E/C.12/PHL/CO/4。
9.	(20080715)。Consideration of Reports Submitted by States Parties under Article 8 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict Concluding observations: The Philippines, CRC/C/OPAC/PHL/CO/1。
10.	Dizon, Nikko(20081102)。Like ComElec CHR wants power to rule on cases。
11.	(20060721)。Employees Association v. Commission on Human Rights, G.R. No. 155336。
12.	(20041125)。Employees’ Association (CHREA) Represented by its President, Marcial A Sanchez v. the Commission on Human Rights, G.R. No. 155336。
13.	(19920414)。Export Process Zone Authority v. the Commission on Human Rights Commission, G.R. No. 101476。
14.	(19911202)。Hon. Isidro Cariňo v. the Commission on Human Rights, G.R. No. 96681。
15.	LIBERTÁS(2009)。Old Challenges for a New Commission，The Asian NGOs Network on National Human Rights Institutions (ANNI)。
16.	(19960328)。Mauro Magtibay y Pentinio, Chairman Sedfrey A. Ordoňez, Comm. Narcisco C. Monteiro, Comm. Mercedes V. Contreras, Comm. Nasser A. Marohomsalic, Comm. Vicente P. Sibulo, Director Emmanuel C. Neri, the Commission on Human Rights v. Director Vicente Vina, Bureau of Corrections, G.R. No. 121424。
17.	Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights(200309)。National Institutions Programmes, Europe, Central Asia and the Caucasus Regions National Institutions Regional Activities update。
18.	Quisumbing, Purificacion C. Valera(20040217)。Overview of the Major Accomplishments of the Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines，Kathmandu。
19.	(19971029)。Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, A/52/36。
20.	Robinson, Mary(20010418)。Address to the International Co-ordinating Committee。
21.	Robinson, Mary(20001122)。Speech at National Human Rights Workshop，Surabaya。
22.	Yambao, Jr.，Vincent Pepito(2008)。The Philippines: A Hamstrung Commission。

圖書論文
1.	Lindsnaes, B.、Lindholt, L.(2001)。National Human Rights Institutions - Standard Setting and Achievements。National Human Rights Institutions: Articles and Working Papers。Danish Centre for Human Rights。
2.	廖福特(2004)。聯合國對國家人權委員會之推動與實踐。人權理論與歷史論文集。台北：國史館。延伸查詢
3.	廖福持(200703)。創設國家人權機構--理想、類型及憲。憲法解釋之理論與實務。台北：中央研究院法律學研究所籌備處。延伸查詢
4.	Cardenas, Sonia(2002)。National Human Rights Commissions in Asia。Sovereignty under Challenge。Transaction Publishers。
5.	Fitzpatrick, Kieren(2000)。The Asia-Pacific Forum: A Partnership for Regional Human Rights Cooperation。National Human Rights Institutions Articles and Working Papers。Danish Centre for Human Rights。
6.	Gil, Emerlynne(2009)。“The Emergence of National Human Rights Institutions in Asia,” in Forum Asia, Human Rights Milestones Challenges and Development in Asia。Forum Asia。
7.	Kjaerum, Morten(2005)。The Protection Role of the Danish Human Rights Commission。The Protection Role of National Human Rights Institutions。Martinus Nijhoff Publishers。

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