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題名：Teaching EFL Children Decoding through Web-based Instruction: Students’ Performance, Attitudes and the Teacher’s Role
書刊名：Hwa Kang English Journal
作者：張善貿 引用關係／黃真珍
作者(外文)：Chang, Shan-mao／Huang, Chen-chen
出版日期：2012
卷期：18:1
頁次：頁25-50
主題關鍵詞：電腦輔助語學習；網路教學；英語字母拼讀；英語學習態度；英語為外語；Computer assisted language learning；Web-based instruction；English decoding；English learning attitudes；English as a foreign language
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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本研究旨在探討不同形式的英語字母拼讀教學之成效和其對學生英語學習態度的影響。研究對象為中部某國小四年級共85位學童。受測者隨機分派為三組進行教學實驗：老師搭配網路教材授課組(TDWBI)、學生自主操作網路教學組(SCWBI)、一般課室教學組(TCI)。接受網路教學的二組(TDWBI、SCWBI)在電腦教室透過網路使用Starfall 網站 (www.starfall.com) Learn to Read單元；另一組則於一般教室接受由教師指導英語字母拼讀學習，教師將Starfall網站上教材使用紙本形式呈現。為探討3組受測者在不同拼讀教學環境下的拼讀成就表現與學習態度上的差異，使用的研究工具有二：一是自編的15字英語拼讀測驗，二是一份改編的英語態度問卷。各組皆於英語拼讀教學活動前後接受一次拼讀測驗與態度問卷的前測與後測。拼讀測驗由二位評量者評量給分。改編的英語態度問卷施以驗證性因素分析驗證效度。二份測驗工具之資料採用t檢定和共變數分析等統計方法分析。結果發現老師搭配網路教材授課組 (TDWBI) 的字母拼讀教學，學童之拼讀學習成就表現勝過其他兩組，此結果突顯教師角色在網路教學中的重要性。另外，英語學習態度問卷結果顯示，在學生自主操作為主的網路英語字母拼讀教學 (SCWBI) 環境中，學童參與英語字母拼讀教學活動的態度優於其他兩組，顯示學童偏愛按照個人學習步調，自主操作電腦學習課程。
The present study investigated the relative effects of three different types of instruction on students’ phonics decoding performance and attitudes toward learning English: teacher-directed web-based instruction (TDWBI), student-controlled web-based instruction (SCWBI), and traditional classroom instruction without WBI (TCI). Eighty five fourth graders participated in the study and were divided into three different groups. The two WBI groups (TDWBI/SCWBI groups) learned decoding at a computer lab using the Learn to Read program from the Starfall website (www.starfall.com). The TCI group was taught in an ordinary classroom by a teacher using photocopied materials adopted from the Learn to Read program. Phonics decoding performance and attitudes toward learning English were measured before and after instruction. Student decoding performance was scored by two raters. Students’ attitudinal responses were collected through a questionnaire whose validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. The paired-samples t-test and ANCOVA were used to analyze the data. It was found that the TDWBI group outperformed the other two groups in the decoding tests at the end of the study, highlighting the importance of the teacher’s role in web-based instruction. However, the SCWBI group demonstrated the most positive attitude toward decoding instruction, suggesting that the students preferred operating the on-line program on their own.
期刊論文
1.Almekhlafi, A.G.(2006)。The effect of computer assisted language learning (CALL) on United Arab Emirates English as a foreign language (EFL) school students’ achievement and attitude。Journal of Interactive Learning Research，17，121-142。  new window
2.Borsook, T. K.、Higginbotham-Wheat, N.(1991)。Interactivity: What is it and what can it do for computer-based instruction。Educational Technology，31(10)，11-17。  new window
3.Chang, C. Y.(2001)。Comparing the impacts of a problem-based computer-assisted instruction and the direct-interactive teaching method on student science achievement.。Journal of Science Education and Technology，10，147-153。  new window
4.Chang, C. Y.(2001)。A problem-solving based computer-assisted tutorial for the earth sciences。Journal of Computer Assisted Learning，17，263-274。  new window
5.Chang, C. Y.(2003)。Teaching earth sciences: Should we implement teacher-directed or student-controlled CAI in the secondary classroom?。International Journal of Science Education，25(4)，427-438。  new window
6.Chang, M. M.(2005)。EFL online learners’ self-efficacy and self-regulation: A study with active learners and passive learners。Studies in English Language and Literature，15，13-20。  new window
7.Chang, M. M.(2005)。Learners’ academic performance, self-efficacy and strategy use in web-based instruction。Studies in English Language and Literature，16，1-11。  new window
8.Foster, K. C.、Erickson, G. C.、Forster, D. F.、Brinkman, D.、Torgesen, J. K.(1994)。Computer-administered instruction in phonological awareness: Evaluation of the Daisy Quest program。Journal of Research and Development in Education，27(2)，126-137。  new window
9.Kulik, C. L. C.、Kulik, J. A.(1991)。Effectiveness of computer-based instruction: An updated analysis。Computers in Human Behavior，7(1)，75-94。  new window
10.Lee, D. Y.(2011)。Korean and foreign students’ perceptions of the teacher’s role in a multicultural online learning environment in Korea。Education Tech Research Dev，59，913-935。  new window
11.Liou, H. C.(1997)。The impact of WWW texts on EFL learning。Computer Assisted Language Learning，10(5)，455-478。  new window
12.Macaruso, P.、Hook, P. E.、McCabe, R.(2006)。The efficacy of computer-based supplementary phonics programs for advancing reading skills in at-risk elementary students。Journal of Research in Reading，29(2)，162-172。  new window
13.Morrell, D.(1992)。The effects of computer assisted instruction on student achievement in high school biology。School Science and Mathematics，92，177-181。  new window
14.Shang, H. F.(2007)。An exploratory study of e-mail application on FL writing performance。Computer Assisted Language Learning，20(1)，79-96。  new window
15.Torgesen, J. K.、Barker, T. A.(1995)。Computers as aids in the prevention and remediation of reading disabilities。Learning Disability Quarterly，18(2)，76-87。  new window
16.Cotterall, S.(1995)。Readiness for autonomy: Investigating learner beliefs。System，23(2)，195-205。  new window
17.Chang, M. M.(2007)。Enhancing web-based language learning through self-monitoring。Journal of Computer Assisted learning，23，187-196。  new window
18.Coffin, R. J.、MacIntyre, P. D.(1999)。Motivational influences on computer-related affective states。Computers in Human Behavior，15，549-569。  new window
19.Christmann, E.、Badgett, J.、Lucking, R.(1997)。Microcomputer-based computer-assisted instruction within differing subject areas: A statistical deduction。Journal of Educational Computer Research，16(3)，281-296。  new window
會議論文
1.Barker, P.(2002)。Skill sets for online teaching。Denver, CO。  new window
2.Guo, N.、Wills, R.(2006)。An investigation of an optimizing model of autonomous learning of TEFL using multimedia and the Internet technologies。  new window
3.Hall, R. H.、Watkins, S. E.、Ercal, F.(2000)。The horse and the cart in Web-based instruction: Prevalence and efficacy。the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association。New Orleans, LA。  new window
4.Hsieh, L. T.(2001)。Teaching English pronunciation at the elementary school: An experimental study。The Eighteenth Conference on English Teaching and Learning in the Republic of China。Taipei：Crane。98-112。  new window
研究報告
1.Sandra, H. D.(1986)。Teaming the classroom computer with a textbook for teaching phonics to hearing-impaired students。  new window
2.National Institute for Children Health and Human Development(2000)。Report of the National Reading Panel. Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction: Reports of the subgroups。Washington, DC：U.S. Government Printing Office。  new window
學位論文
1.Hofsøy, M. B.(2001)。Network-based EFL: Motivational aspects of using networked computers in the EFL classroom(碩士論文)。University of Bergen, Norway。  new window
2.Zhu, X. L.(2009)。The roles of teachers in a network-based teaching mode of listening and speaking in college English(碩士論文)。Henan Polytechnic University。  new window
3.林瑛淳(2001)。字母拼讀法結合K. K. 音標與否對成人英語發音教學影響之研究(碩士論文)。彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.Hung, S. K.(1998)。A comparison of two methods, K.K. phonetic symbols and phonics, in teaching English to Children，Kaohsiung, Taiwan。  new window
5.黃秀玲(2002)。字母拼讀法教學與其對國--學生音韻影響之實證研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Cohen, J.(1988)。Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.。  new window
2.Browne, M. W.、Mels, G.、Cowan, M.(1994)。Path analysis: RAMONA. SYSTAT for DOS advanced applications。Evanston, IL：SYSTAT。  new window
3.Goldstein, I. L.、Ford, J. K.(2002)。Distance learning in a Web-based environment: An analysis of factors influencing students’ perceptions of online learning。Belmont, CA：Wadsworth。  new window
4.Hackbarth, S.(1997)。Web-based learning activities for children。Web-based instruction。Englewood Cliffs, NJ：Educational Technology Publications。  new window
5.Huang, F. M.(2007)。Structural equation model。Taipei, Taiwan：Wu-Nan。  new window
6.Kuo, F. L.、Su, H. Y.、Chiang, H. K.(2002)。Enhancing spelling skills through web learning。Proceedings of the Nineteenth Conference on English Teaching and Learning in the Republic of China。Taipei, Taiwan：Crane。  new window
7.Pallant, J.(2005)。SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows version 12。Maidenhead：Open University Press。  new window
8.Tabachnick, B. G.、Fidell, L. S.(1996)。Using multivariate statistics。HarperCollins Publishers。  new window
 
 
 
 
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