Before the Sino-Japanese War of 1937, the military administration of both China and Japan had paid their attention to the control of international lines into China, for the import of the Chinese military supplies and the commodities from overseas and the export of local raw materials would have to depend on these routes.The primary intention of this article is aimed to analyze the works of the Head Office of Southwest Import-export Commodity Transport Management, the Transport Administration Bureau of Military Committee and the role of Dai Li, the vice director Bureau of Investigation and Statistics. Moreover, this article will also deal with the evolution of the Burma Road administration, the sluggish state of southwest transportation, and the contribution of Dai Li to rush the delivery of strategic materials during the wartime and so on.