西元(以下同)1950年代政治案中，「湯守仁政治叛亂案」是首件也是目前最常被討論到的原住民政治受難個案。過去史學界進行二二八事件、白色恐怖的歷史研究時，常以此案作為代表性個案來討論。然而由於來自情治機關的直接史料、檔案取得不易，歷史學者過去對此案的發展，有許多過程是運用間接、側面的史料加以建構而成。本文利用典藏於國家發展委員會檔案管理局(簡稱檔案局)的此案直接史料、檔案，試圖完整重建當時原住民如何陷入情治當局羅織的整肅網中，在各種因素交錯下，一步步被國家暴力吞噬的歷史過程。該批檔案局所典藏政治案件史料、檔案，係移轉自國防部後備司令部，而其前身便是臺灣省保安司令部（後為警備總司令部），即白色恐怖時期政治偵察的實際執行者。透過當年情治機關對本案的偵查、情蒐所產生的公文書、筆錄、口供等等，本文將清楚呈現情治機關發展該政治案件，約可分布建摸索、情報蒐集與案件發展，最後則是將相關涉案人收網逮捕的3時期。完整地建構此一過程，將能更清楚呈現該政治案件之歷史全貌，也才更突顯出過去政治受難案件往往不僅是「國家暴力」便可以簡單一語帶過。

Among all the political persecutions of indigenous peoples in Postwar Taiwan in the early 1950s, Tang, Shou-Jen, whose case is the first and the most well-known. In the past, Tang's case used to be the typical one for researchers studying on the White Terror period in Taiwan and the event has been defined as the result of state violence under the Kuomintang（KMT）regime. However, due to the lack of original resources from the intelligence agencies, it is hard for researchers to provide a holistic view on this event. There are some archives related to Tang's trail held in the National Archives Administration, the contents of which include documents of investigations, confessions, surveillances and judicial decisions created by security institutions. By tracing the archives as the first hand as well as original resources, this dissertation is an attempt to rebuild the context of development of Tang's case, and furthermore, to reveal how and why the state violence killed indigenous elites.