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| 2. | Abélès, Luce(1986)。La vie de Bohème。Paris：RMN。 |
| 3. | Bowie, Theodore Robert(1950)。The Painter in French Fiction: A Critical Essay。Chapel Hill：University of North Carolina。 |
| 4. | Brown, Marylin R.(1985)。Gypsies and Other Bohemians: The Myth of the Artist in Nineteenth-Century France。Ann Arbor：UMI。 |
| 5. | Farewell, Beatrice(1989)。The Charged Image: French Lithographic Caricature 1816-1848。Santa Barbara：Santa Barbara Museum of Art。 |
| 6. | Gay, Peter(1998)。The Bourgeois Experience: Victoria to Freud, vol.5, Pleasure Wars。New York：Norton。 |
| 7. | Harper, Paula Hays(1981)。Daumier's Clowns: Les Saltimbanques et Les Parades--New Biographical and Political Functions for a Nineteenth Century Myth。New York：Garland。 |
| 8. | Levitine, George(1978)。The Dawn of Bohemianism: The Barbu Rebellion and Primitivism in Neoclassical France。London：Penn State University Press。 |
| 9. | Murger, Henry(1849)。La Vie de Bohème。Paris。 |
| 10. | Phillips, Lisa(1996)。Beat Culture and the New America: 1950-1965。New York：Whitney Museum of American Art。 |
| 11. | Seigel, Jerrold(1986)。Bohemian Paris: Culture, Politics, and the Boundaries of Bourgeois Life, 1830-1930。New York：Viking。 |
| 12. | Zola, Émile(1982)。Mon salon, Manet。Paris。 |
| 13. | McWilliam, Neil(1993)。Dreams of Happiness: Social Art and The French Left, 1830-1850。Princeton：Princeton University Press。 |
| 14. | Clark, T. J.(1973)。The Absolute Bourgeois: Artists and Politics in France 1848-1851。London：Thames and Hudson。 |
| 15. | Kris, Ernst、Kurz, Otto(1979)。Legend, Myth, and Magic in the Image of the Artist: A Historical Experiment。New Haven：Yale University Press。 |
| 16. | Soussloff, Catherine M.(1997)。The Absolute Artist: The Historiography of a Concept。Minnesota：University of Minnesota Press。 |
| 17. | Bourdieu, Pierre、Emanuel, Susan(1995)。The Rules of Art: Genesis and Structure of the Literary Field。Stanford：Stanford University Press。 |
| 18. | Weisberg, Gabriel(1980)。The Realist Tradition。Cleveland：Cleveland Museum of Art。 |