本研究係以彰化縣鹿港鎮福利社區化實驗計畫中之老人與身心障礙者服務方案為例，旨在採社區行動研究法參與實驗計畫的推動，以對進行中的各方案進行輔導、評估與修正，也藉由對實驗計畫的成效進行總體以及推動原則的評估。研究發現，對鹿港地區而言，福利社區化是一個新穎的概念，且在推動過程中面臨著相當多的難題，例如，事先規劃的不足、社區居民「由下而上」的動機與能力缺乏、以及社區居民的參與欠佳等。然而，經一年多的推動，鹿港鎮的福利社區化也已獲得某種程度的效果，例如，社區居民和團體對福利社區化的認知、資源網絡的建立以及社區與團體意識的凝聚等；顯然，在某種程度上，實驗計畫的推動已為日後鹿港鎮福利社區化的發展奠定了基礎。此外，本研究也依推動過程的各種經驗，歸納出一些可供臺灣地區推動福利社區化之政策與實務上的建議。

　　　　　Based on the pilot project of community-oriented welfare services (COWS), in particular programs for elderly and disabled, at Lu-kang, Changhaw, this study aims to participate its implementation in order to guide, evaluate and rectify various programs in process through action research method. In addition, this study also conducts a summative evaluation and evaluation for its implementation principles of the COWS. This study shows that the idea of COWS is new for Lu-Kang's residents. Considerable difficulties have been faced during the pilot period, such as inadequate rational planning in advance, absence of motivation and ability of 'bottom-up' of community residents, and insufficient community participation etc. However, the pilot project, to a certain degree, has achieved some positive outcomes after one year's intervention such as recognition of the COWS's idea, building-up of community resource network, and consolidation of community consciousness etc. It is clear that the pilot project has already created a necessary basis for Lu-kang's further development of COWS. In addition, according to the Lu-Kang's experiences, this study also provides some suggestions of policy and practice for carrying out the COWS in Taiwan.