The action research is the combination of “action” and “research”. It emphasizes the social workers' research processes in practice. Social workers take part in observing and reflecting the evaluation of working environment. By adapting the concrete action, the social workers are able to solve the difficulties of the practice. This article briefly describes the historical development of the action research and it also clarifies its meaning, feature, and research procedures. The author also conducted field research and observation, extensively and systematically collected and analyzed data, proposed related strategic plan and application regarding the issue field and focus, and modified the plan for follow-up action after practice and evaluation. The researcher attempts to solve problems on service delivery encountered during the actual work and reconstruction of 921 Earthquake. In the end, the article explains the application and future direction of the action research in social work practice. We expect the cooperation of both social work practice and academic circle to achieve knowledge and theoretical foundation and shorten the differences between theory and practice.