"行動"是現代西方哲學的基本概念,"何為行動"也是當代行動哲學的基本問題。本文把這個論題置于德國理念論的思路下加以考察,在分析康德對行動的理想刻畫的基礎上,討論了黑格爾對它的內在批判,進而勾勒了黑格爾自己的行動構想:有限的有理性的人懷著被他自返地意識到的特定意圖,在復雜的世界中展開行動,并造成不確定、不定限的后果;悲劇性是人的行動的根本特征,也是人的權利和本真意欲的定在。

Action is one of the fundamental concepts of modern philosophy,and "what is an action"is one of the basic problems of contemporary philosophy of action. On the basis of an analysis of the Kantian ideal conception of action,this article follows the approach of German Idealism through an internal critique of Hegel to one of Kant,thereby addressing Hegel’s own conception of action: a finite rational person carries out an action in a complex world with a certain purpose reflexively realized by him,leading to uncertain and indefinite consequences. Tragedy is the radical characteristic of human action,as well as the right and the true nature of one’s own volition.