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題名:“從未有過的年代”:基辛格“歐洲年”計劃中的美英外交考察
書刊名:歷史研究
作者:梁軍
作者(外文):Liang, Jun
出版日期:2015
卷期:2015(4)
頁次:145-165+192
主題關鍵詞:歐洲年基辛格希思歐共體美英關係
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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1973年美國尼克松政府推出"歐洲年"計劃,旨在利用軍事優勢和外交手腕消弭歐洲一體化可能對自身霸權構成的威脅。在推行該計劃的過程中,基辛格企圖利用"聯系"原則與英美"特殊關系"迫使歐共體就范。但事與愿違,美國的外在挑戰反而激活了歐洲的政治一體化進程,后者據理力爭,第一次"用一個聲音講話",對美國的計劃進行了大力抵制。雖然在英國的斡旋下,美歐原本有望在實施"歐洲年"計劃上達成妥協,但第四次中東戰爭與能源危機的爆發深化了美歐矛盾,并使"歐洲年"計劃變成"一紙難以兌現的賬單"。盡管如此,由于難以改變防務上依賴美國的局面,歐共體國家不得不作出讓步。而一度對歐共體寄予厚望的英國亦因深感無力改變法國主導歐共體的局面而重返大西洋主義軌道。
期刊論文
1.Howard, Michael(197310)。Nato and the Year of Europe。Round Table,21-27。  new window
2.Z(197401)。The Year of Europe?。Foreign Affairs,52(2)。  new window
3.Letter: Heath to Nixon, October 24, 1972。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(1)。  new window
4.Heath, Edward(196910)。Realism in British Foreign Policy。Foreign Affairs,48,39-50。  new window
5.Paris Tel 1122, August 28, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(210)。  new window
6.Record of Discussion: Heath/Nixon, February 2, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(20)。  new window
7.Note by Trend, Hunt and HFT Smith, April 12, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(65)。  new window
8.Paris Tel 588, April 26, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(75)。  new window
9.Extract from Speech by Douglas-Home, April 27, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(79)。  new window
10.Minute by Overton, April 27, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(77)。  new window
11.Washington Tel 1362, April 23, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(71)。  new window
12.Tel 400 to UKMIS New York, May 31, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(106)。  new window
13.UKREP Brussels Tel 275, May 26。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(104)。  new window
14.UKREP Brussels Tel 2780, May 25, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(102)。  new window
15.Minute: Trend to Heath, May 2, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(81)。  new window
16.Tel 972 to Washington, April 27, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(73)。  new window
17.Record of Meeting: Trend/ Kissinger, June 4, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(108)。  new window
18.Paris Tel 782, June 7, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(114)。  new window
19.Extract from Record of Conversation: Heath/Pompidou, May 22, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(98)。  new window
20.Letter: Trend to Cromer, June 8。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(115)。  new window
21.Tel 450 to Paris, June 6, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(110)。  new window
22.Cabinet Minute, GEN 161(73) 3rd Mtg, June 20, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(137)。  new window
23.Minutes: M. D. Butler to J. O. Wright, June 28, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(144)。  new window
24.Letter: Greenhill to Trend, July 6, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(153)。  new window
25.FCO Paper。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(193)。  new window
26.Tel 189 to Copenhagen, August 8, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(192)。  new window
27.Minute: Alexander to Cable, August 28。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(211)。  new window
28.Tel 1530 to Washington, July 24, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(169)。  new window
29.Record of Conversation: Jobert, Heath and Douglas-Home at 10 Downing Street, July 2, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(146)。  new window
30.Washington Tel 3327, October 25, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(328)。  new window
31.Brief by Middle East Unit, November 3, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(365)。  new window
32.Minute: M. D. Butler to Acland, October 8, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(254)。  new window
33.UKMIS New York Tel 961, September 25, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(234)。  new window
34.Copenhagen Tel 322, September 5。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(220)。  new window
35.Letter: M. D. Butler to Graham, December 7, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(442)。  new window
36.Minute: Grattan to Bridges, January 3, 1974。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(489)。  new window
37.Letter: Tomkins to Brimelow, November 30, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(426)。  new window
38.Washington Tel 3674, November 24, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(412)。  new window
39.Record of Meeting: J. O. Wright/Cuvillier, February 15, 1974。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(554)。  new window
40.Draft Record of Conversation: Douglas-Home and Kissinger New York。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(232)。  new window
41.[Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3] Introduction。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4,1。  new window
42.(19721115)。Washington Diplomatic Report。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(2)。  new window
43.Letter: Cromer to Greenhill, January 19, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(14)。  new window
44.Brussel Tel 25, January 17, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(12)。  new window
45.Record of Meeting: Trend/Kissinger, April 19, 1973。Documents on British policy overseas: Series 3,4(69)。  new window
圖書
1.Lundestad, Geir(1998)。No End to Alliance, the United States and Western Europe: Past, Present and Future。New York:St. Martin's Press。  new window
2.Hahn, Walter、Pfaltzgraff, Robert(1979)。Atlantic Community in Crisis: A Redefinition of the Transatlantic Relationship。New York:Pergamon Press。  new window
3.Cromwell, William C.(1992)。The United States and the European Pillar: The Strained Alliance。New York:Palgrave。  new window
4.Grosser, Alfred(1980)。The Western Alliance: The European-American Relations Since 1945。London:Macmillan。  new window
5.Gann, L. H.(1998)。Contemporary Europe and the Atlantic Alliance: A Political History。Oxford:Blackwell Publishing Ltd.。  new window
6.U. S. Department of State(2012)。Western Europe: NATO, 1969-1972。Washington, DC:United States Government Printing Office。  new window
7.Hamilton, Keith、Salmon, Patrick(2006)。The Year of Europe: America, Europe and the Energy Crisis, 1972-1974。London:Routledge。  new window
8.亨利.基辛格、張志明(1973)。動亂年代--基辛格回憶錄。北京:世界知識出版社。  延伸查詢new window
9.Horne, Alistair(2009)。Kissinger's Year: 1973。London:Weidenfeld Nicolson。  new window
10.Möckli, Daniel(2009)。Europe Foreign Policy During the Cold War: Heath, Brandt, Pompidou and the Dream of Political Unity。London:I. B. Tauris。  new window
11.U. S. Department of State(2012)。Foundations of Foreign Policy。Washington, DC:United States Government Printing Office。  new window
12.Brandon, Henry、齊沛合(1974)。美國力量的收縮。北京:三聯書店。  延伸查詢new window
13.亨利.歐文、齊沛合(1975)。七十年代的美國對外政策。北京:三聯書店。  延伸查詢new window
14.王繩祖(1998)。國際關係史。北京:世界知識出版社。  延伸查詢new window
15.亨利.基辛格、復旦大學資本主義國家經濟研究所(1972)。美國對外政策:論文三篇。上海:上海人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
16.Hokins, Michael F.、Young, John(2009)。The Washington Embassy, British Ambassador to the United States, 1939-77。London:Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
17.Campbell, John、Heath, E.(1993)。Edward Heath: A Biography。London:Jonathan Cape。  new window
18.瑪格麗特.萊恩、柯惠(1973)。希思首相。北京:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
19.U. S. Department of State。Foundations of Foreign Policy, 1969-1972。Washington, DC:United States Government Printing Office。  new window
20.Rossbach, Nikas H.(2009)。Heath, Nixon and the Rebirth of the Special Relationship: Britain, the US and the EC, 1969-74。New York:Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
21.Ziegler, Philip(2010)。Edward Heath: The Authorised Biography。London:Harper Press。  new window
22.U. S. Department of State。Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969-1976。Washington, DC:United States Government Printing Office。  new window
23.時殷弘(2000)。20世紀回顧:新趨勢.新格局.新規範。北京:法律出版社。  延伸查詢new window
24.Goldstein, Judith、Keohane, Robert Owen、劉東國、于軍(2005)。觀念與外交政策:信念、制度與政治變遷。北京:北京大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
25.Waltz, Kenneth N.、信強(2003)。國際政治理論。上海:上海人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.(19730820)。FCO Planning Staff Draft Paper(Cab 164/l235 (Gen161))。,Kew, London。  new window
2.Memo: Nixon to Kissinger, March 10, 1973(CK3100517379)。  new window
3.(19730608)。Memorandum of Conversation (Discussion with Michael Jobert)(NH 00748)。  new window
4.Question-and-Answer Session at the Executives Club of Chicago, March 15, 1974,http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php, 2013/08/05。  new window
5.Lewis, Flora(19740628)。New Sense of Alliance。  new window
6.North Atlantic Council(19740619)。Declaration on Atlantic Relations,http://www.nato.int/docu/comm/49-95/c740618b.htm, 2013/08/08。  new window
 
 
 
 
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