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題名:華府智庫對美國臺海兩岸政策制定之影響---對李登輝總統九五年訪美案例之研究
作者:郭壽旺 引用關係
作者(外文):Tony Sowang Kuo
校院名稱:淡江大學
系所名稱:美國研究所
指導教授:李本京
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2002
主題關鍵詞:智庫旋轉門布魯金斯研究院傳統基金會美國企業研究院二軌外交Think TankRevolving DoorBrookings InstitutionHeritage FoundationAmerican Enterprise Institute (AEI)Track Two Diplomacy
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本論文研究美國華府智庫(think tanks)對美國臺海兩岸政策制定之影響,並就一九九五年李登輝總統訪問美國母校康乃爾大學之個案為例,剖析美國華府智庫在臺海兩岸問題上所發揮的影響力。
本文第一章闡述研究方法與研究動機,以文獻分析法和訪談方式為本文主要研究方法。第二章中以艾里森(Graham Allison)在決策本質:古巴飛彈危機一書中所提出之決策過程理論作為本研究之理論基礎。第三章分析美國智庫之發展演變與功能,一九一九年代表自由派的布魯金斯研究院(Brookings Institution)的成立,一九四三年代表保守派的美國企業研究院(American Enterprise Institute, AEI)成立與右派研究機構相抗衡,和一九七○年代例如傳統基金會(Heritage Foundation)等智庫在美國政治圈的掘起,是智庫發展史的重要里程碑。第四章分析智庫藉由和美國行政部門及與國會之間所建立的管道,發揮對美國政策制定的影響力,並藉由「二軌會談」,擔任美國和兩岸之間對話的橋樑,為台海危機所造成之兩岸僵局,另闢一對話機制,緩和兩岸緊張關係,並避免三方因誤解而造成嚴重衝突。在第五章中,藉由探討美國智庫之兩岸政策主張,瞭解各家智庫之基本意識形態和對兩岸問題的態度和立場,並以代表保守勢力之傳統基金會和美國企業研究院與代表自由派之布魯金斯研究院作為研究對象,第六章起,則選擇主要以研究兩岸問題之十位智庫學者,探索智庫在華府政治圈的特徵和意義,包括李潔明、林霨、葉望輝、武爾茲、費學理、沈大偉、藍普頓、季北慈、拉迪和江文漢等。第七章以李登輝九五年訪美作為個案研究,探討智庫,在兩岸問題上所扮演的角色,該案顯示美國許多智庫雖無遊說之名,確行遊說之實。
本文研究發現,華府智庫在李登輝訪美一案中,所扮演的是助攻的角色,而主攻的卡西迪公司,以非外交系統的方式,雖然表面上是成功地達成李登輝訪美,但是卻造成美中台三邊維持已久的穩定關係遭到破壞,也使美國行政部門和國會部分人士對我國以「金錢攻勢」的行事風格頗有微詞。我外交系統在被動的配合之下,則由傳統基金會和美國企業研究院等接受我國捐款之友台智庫,以舉辦座談會和發表文論的方式支持李登輝訪美,使得李登輝訪美一事具正當性和合理性,智庫除了可以藉由平時建立的關係影響國會議員外,更可以文字的攻勢無形地影響決策人士,其影響力遠超過公關公司卡西迪的金錢攻勢。加強與智庫之聯繫和互動,並積極主動參與智庫所舉辦之「二軌會談」或研討會等活動,有助於美中台三方在非正式的情境下,建立對話機制,增加對彼此的了解,而不至於因缺乏溝通而產生誤解,造成不必要的傷害。
The desire for policy influence is one major aspect of think tanks activity. The growth of the role played by the American think tanks in foreign policy has been a
natural response to the deepening engagement of the United States in the world during the past half century. It has helped to train America’s leaders, shape future policies,
engage the Congress, enlist leaders in a wide variety of professions with an interest in public policy, and educate the American public. Indeed, the think tank has become
indispensable to U.S. foreign policy and to America’s role in the outside world.
This research is to analyze the influence of American think tanks, in Washington DC especially, toward the U.S. Cross Strait policy making. Recognizing that all think tanks do not share the same commitment to research or the desire to
lured into the political arena, they continue to rely on many channels to transmit their ideas to their target audience. While many of these channels can be pursued independently and for a variety of purposes, think tanks frequently rely on
combination of them in an attempt to influence the content and outcome of key political debates. The 1995 President Lee Teng-hui to visit the United States is the example of explaining American think tanks are becoming more and more
marketing-oriented and is a better way of influence the U.S. policy making rather than a Public Relations firm, such as Cassidy & Associates.
Chapter One: Introduction. Chapter Two: Think Tanks and Models of Decision Making (Three Models of Graham Allison demonstrates in The Essence of Decision). Chapter Three: The Evolution and Functions of Think Tanks (The Categories of
Think Tanks;Think Tanks in the Era of Reagan, Carter and Clinton). Chapter Four: The Channels of Influence (The Revolving Door;The Congress;Track Two Diplomacy). Chapter Five: Think Tanks’ Cross Strait Policy (Think Tanks’ Ideology; Conservative Think Tanks:AEI, Heritage Foundation and Brookings Institution). Chapter Six: Cross Strait Experts of Think Tanks(Experts’ Cross Strait Policy;For and Against “China’s Threatening”). Chapter Seven: Case Study of President Lee’s US Trip in 1995 (Think Tanks and Lobbyist;Think Tanks and President Lee’s US Trip). Chapter Eight: Conclusion.
參考書目
壹、英文部分
一、【英文書籍】
Abramowitz, Morton I. China: Can We Have a Policy? Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1997.
Adonis, Andrew, Hames, Tim, ed. A Conservative Revolution?: the Thatcher-Reagan Decade in Perspective. New York: Greenwood Press, 1994.
Allen, Kenneth W., Krumel, Glenn, Pollack, Jonathan D. “China’s Air Force Enters the 21st century. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 1995.
Allison, Graham, Zelokow, Philip. Essence of Decision─Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis, Second Edition. New York: Longman, 1999.
Almond, Gabriel A., Verba, Sidney. The Civic Culture Revisited. Boston: Little Brown And Company, 1980.
Babbie, Earl. The Practice of Social Research. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1992.
Birnbaum, Jeffrey H. The Lobbyists: How Influence Peddlers Get Their Way in Washingto. New York: Random House, Inc., 1992.
Barber, James David. The Presidential Character: Predicting Performance in the White House. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1985.
Bartley, W.W. III, ed. The Fatal Concept: The Errors of Socialism. Chicago:The University of Chicago Press, 1988.
Bauer Raymond A. American Business and Public Policy. New York: Atherton, 1963.
Cigler, Allan J., Loomis, Burdett A, ed. Interest Group Politics. London: Oxford Press, 1998.
Denham, Andrew, Garnett, Mark. British Think-Tanks and the Climate of Opinion. London: Oxford Press, 1998.
Dickson, Paul. Think Tanks. New York: Atheneum, 1971.
Edwards, Lee. The Power of Ideas─The Heritage Foundation at 25 Years. Ottawa: Jameson Books, Inc., 1997.
Fischer, Frank, Forester, John, ed. The Argumentative Turn in Policy Analysis and Planning, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1993.
George, Alexander L. Presidential Decision Making in Foreign Policy: The Effective Use of Information And Advice. Boulder: Westview Press, Inc., 1980.
George, Alexander L. ed. Avoiding War: Problems of Crisis Management. Oxford: Oxford University Press , 1991.
Gill, Bates, Kim, Taeho. China’s Arms Acquisitions from Abroad: A Quest for ‘Superb and Secret Weapon.’ Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Glaser, Kurt. A Philosophy of American Foreign Policy. Taipei: Tamkang University Press, 1990.
Goodwin, Craufurd D., Nacht, Michael, ed. Beyond Government: Extending the Public Policy Debate in Emerging Democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press , 1995.
Groombridge, Mark A., Barfield, Claude E. Tiger by the Tail, China and the World Trade Organization. Washington, DC: The AEI Press , 1999.
Guttnan, Daniel. The Shadow Government. New York: Pantheon Books, 1976.
Halperin, Morton. Bureaucratic Politics and Foreign Policy. Wahington DC: Brookings Institution, 1947.
Harding, Harry. A Fragile Relationship, The United States and China since 1972. Washington DC: The Brookings Institution, 1992.
Ikernberry, G. John. American Foreign Policy: Theoretical Essays. New York: HarperCollins College Publishers, 1996.
Jervis, Robert. Perception and Misperception in International Politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976.
Lardy, Nicholas R. Foreign Trade and Economic Reform in China 1978-1990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
_______________. China’s Unfinished Economic Revolution. Washington DC: The Brookings Institution, 1998.
Lee, Thomas B. ed. Ideology and Practice: The Revolution of U.S. Foreign Policy. Taipei: Tamkang University, 1985.
Lieberthal, Kenneth G., Lampton, David M. ed. Bureaucracy, Politics, and Decision Making in Post-Mao China. Oxford: University of California Press, 1998.
Lilley, James R. Downs, Chuck, ed. Crisis in the Taiwan Strait. Washington DC: National Defense University Press, 1997.
Lilley, James R. Shambaugh, David, ed. China’s Military Faces the Future, Washington DC: The AEI Press, 1999.
Longford, John, Brownsey, Lorne. Think Tanks and Governance in the Asia-Pacific Region. Halifax: Institute for Research on Public Policy, , 1991.
Muravchik, Joshua. The Imperative of American Leadership: A Challenge to Neo-Isolationism. Washington DC; The AEI Press, 1996.
Mundo, Philip A. Interest Groups: Cases and Characteristics. Chicago: Nelson-Hall Publishers, 1992.
Nathan, Andrew J., Ross, Robert. The Great Wall and the Empty Fortress: China’s Search for Security. New York: W.W. Norton, 1997.
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Neustadt, Richard E. President Power and the Modern Presidents: The Politics of Leadership from Roosevelt to Reagan, 5th Ed. New York: Free Press, 1990.
Olson, Mancur. The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of groups. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1971.
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Ricci, David M. The Transformation of American Politics─The New Washington and the Rise of the Think Tanks. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997.
Ripley, Randall B., Lindsay, James M. Congress Resurgent: Foreign and Defense Policy on Capitol Hill. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1993.
Rodrigues, Dawn. The Research Paper and The World Wide Web. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1997.
Sarkesian, Sam C. U.S. National Security: Policymakers, Processes, and Politics. London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1995.
Shinn, Hames, ed. Weaving the Net: Conditional Engagement with China. New York: Council of Foreign Relations, 1996.
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Smith, James Allen. The Idea Broker: Think Tanks and the Rise of the New Policy Elite. New York: The Free Press, 1991.
Stone, Diane. Capturing the political Imagination─Think Tank and the Policy Process. London: Frank Cass, 1995.
__________. Denham, Andrew, Garnett, Mark, ed. Think Tanks Across Nations: A Comparative Approach. New York: Manchester University Press, October 1998.
Sutter, Robert G. U.S. Policy Toward China: An Introduction to the Role of Interest Groups. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, INC., 1998.
Tai, Wan-chin. The Prospect of U.S. Policy Toward China: Analysis on the Occasion of the 5oth Anniversary of Marshall’s Mediation Mission. Taipei: Institute of American Studies, Tamkang University,, 1998.
Trudy, Lieberman L. Slanting the Story: the Forces that Shapes News. New York: New Press, 2000.
Tucker, Nancy Bernkopf. China Confidential. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001.
Tyler, Patrick. A Great Wall: Six Presidents And China: An Investigation History. New York: A Century Foundation Book, 1999.
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Walker, Jack L. Mobilizing Interest Groups in America: Patrons, Professions, and Social Movements. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1991
Weidenbornor, Stephen, Caruso, Domenick. Writing Research Papers:A Guide to The Process. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1990.
Wiarda, Howard J. Democracy and Its Discontents: Development, Interdependence, and U.S. Policy in Latin America. New York: The Free Press, 1995.
______________. Universities, Think Tanks and War Colleges. New York: Xlibris Corporation, 1999.
Wilson, James. American Government. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000.
二、【英文期刊、雜誌、報紙】
(I)Journals:
Brzezinski, Zbigniew. “A Plan for Europe.” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 74, No. 1 ( January/February 1995): 26.
Chan, Steve. “United States Public Opinion.” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 74, No. 1 ( January/February 1995):485.
Donald Abelson and Christine Carberry. “Policy Experts in Presidential Campaigns: A Model of Think Tanks Recruitment.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 27( Fall 1997):679-97
Freeman, Chas. W. Jr. “Preventing War in the Taiwan Strait.” Foreign Affairs, Vol.77, No.4, (July/August 1999):6-11.
Gill, Bates. “Chinese Military-Related Think Tanks Focusing on Arms Control and Nonproliferation Issues.” China Quarterly (March 2000): 1-15.
Gill, Bates and O’Hanlon, Michael. “China’s Hollow Military.” The National Interest No. 56 (Summer 1999): 26-39.
Harned , Joseph W. and Pagliano, Gary J. “The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in the Formulations of U.S. Foreign Policy.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 27( Fall 1997): 475.
Haass, Richard N. “A New Framework for Policy.” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 74, No. 1 (January/February 1995):43.
Hendrickson, David C. “The Recovery of Internationalism: Salvaging Clinton’s Foreign Policy.” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 73, No. 5 ( September/October 1994):26.
Kemenade, Willem van. “Taiwan, Voting for Trouble?” The Washington Quarterly( Spring 2000):135.
Lardy, Nicholas. “China and the Asian Contagion.” Foreign Affairs, (July/August 1998):24-27.
_____________. “The Role of Foreign Trade and Investment in China’s Economic Transformation.” China Quarterly (December 1995):18-27.
_____________. “China’s Growing Role in Asia.” The Future of China, National Bureau of Asian Research, (1992):13-21.
_____________. “Chinese Foreign Trade.” China Quarterly (September 1992):16-28.
_____________. “China and the Asian Contagion.” Foreign Affairs, (July/August 1998):14-23.
Nathan, Andrew J. “What’s Wrong with American Taiwan Policy”. The Washington Quarterly (Spring 2000):93.
Rigger, Shelley. “Taiwan Rides the Democratic Dragon” The Washington Quarterly (Spring 2000):107.
Roberts, Brad, Burnett, Stanton H, Weidengaum, Murray. “Think Tanks in a New World.” The Washington Quarterly (Winter 1993):169.
Shambaugh, David. “A Matter of Time: Taiwan’s Eroding Military Advantage.” The Washington Quarterly (Spring 2000):119.
_______________. “Facing Realit in China Policy.” Foreign Affairs (January/February 2001):51-53.
Whiting, Allen S. “The Scholar and the Policy-Maker.” World Politics, Volume 24, Issue Supplement: theory and Policy in International Relations (Spring, 1972): 229-247.
(II)Magazines:
Gill, Bates. “U.S.-China Relations May Thaw a Bit.” Newsday, January 5, 2000, p. A37.
_________. “Arms Sales to Taiwan: The Annual Dilemma.” Newsweek Korea, March 23, 2000.
_________. “U.S. China Relations: Immediate Crisis Resolved, But Many Challenges Ahead.” Newsweek Korea, April 18, 2001.
Haass, Richard and Lardy, Nicholas. “New Rule of China Engagement.” Newsday, October 26, 1997, p.8-11.
Lardy, Nicholas. “China Trade Approval Would Aid U.S.” Newsday, May 9, 2000, p. 11.
_____________. “Predicting the Future of China.” Time, July 19, 1999, p. 22-28.
Spanier, John and Hook, Steven W. “American Foreign Policy Since World War II.” Congressional Quarterly, 1992, p. 14-21.
Thomas, Norman C., Pika, Joseph A. and Watson, Richard A. “The Politics of The Presidency.” Congressional Quarterly, 1994, p.9-15.
“Taiwan: In Praise of Paranoia.” A Survey of Taiwan, The Economist, November 7, 1998.
(III) Newspapers:
Backer, Jasper. “Beijing Threatens Revenge for Visit.” South China Morning Post, June 9, 1995, p.1.
Fisher, Richard. “Swift U.S. Response Is Critical To Forestall Attack on Taiwan.” Defense News, December 18, 2000, p.31.
Gill, Bates. “A Clearer U.S.-China Picture: Avoiding False Sentimentalities and Insecure Pessimism.” Christian Science Monitor, January 20, 1999.
________. “The Meaning of One China.” The Washington Post, March 23, 2000.
Gill, Bates. and Mulvenon, James. “A look at… The China Puzzle, Goal: Build A Missile Defense Problem: How To Handle Beijing.” The Washington Post, March 5, 2000, p. B03.
Iritani, Evelyn. “China Hints at Retaliation Over U.S. Taiwan Policy.” Los Angeles Times, July 13, 2001, p.1.
King, Neil Jr. “U.S. and China Returns to Business as Usual.” The Wall Street Journal, July 26, 2001, p.A16.
Lardy, Nicholas. “China’s Worsening Debts.” The Financial Times, June 22, 2001, p. A13.
_____________. “China WTO Deal Still Faces Significant Challenges.” Asian Wall Street Journal, April 18, 1999, p. A7.
_____________. “China Chooses Growth Today, Reckoning Tomorrow,” Asian Wall Street Journal, September 30, 1998, p. A8.
Lampton, David. “Beware of New Cold War.” New York Daily News, May 25, 1999, p. 17.
_____________. “Should Clinton be in China?” New York Daily News, June 25, 1998, p. 17.
_____________. “China’s US Policy: Embassy Bombing in Just Momentary Hitch for Beijing Policy or Reform and Openness.” The Christian Science Monitor, July 14, 1999, p.9.
_____________. “The Taiwan Security Reduction Act.” Washington Post, October 31, 1999, p. B07.
_____________. “Questions Facing Bush.” South China Morning Post, June 15, 2001.
Lee, Teng-hui. “U.S. Can’t Ignore Taiwan.” Wall Street Journal, August 3, 1998, p. A10.
Lilley, James and Waldron, Arthur. “The U.S. No Apology to the Chinese.” Wall Street Journal, April 5, 2001.
Mann, Jim. “How Taipei Outwitted U.S. Policy.” Los Angeles Times, June 8, 1995, p.1.
Mufson, Steven. “Sino-U.S. Relations ‘Pushed Into a Danger Zone’.” The Washington Post, June 21, 1995, p.A17.
Pollack, Jonathan D. “A Chill Fast Approaching A Freeze.” Los Angeles Times, June 8, 1995, p.7.
Reuters. “Taiwan’s Lee Tells US Envoy Mainland Poses Security Threat.” South China Morning Post, March 8, 1999.
Shambaugh, David. “China is All Bluster on Taiwan (for now).” The New York Times, Op-ed, March 6, 2000.
_______________. “Two Chinas, But Only One Answer.” The Washington Post, July 19, 1999.
_______________. “Taiwan’s Success Story.” The Washington Post, March 19, 2000, p. B7.
_______________. “What Taiwan’s military Really Needs.” International Herald Tribune, Editorials/Opinion, April 22-23, 2000.
_______________. “Learning to Coexist.” The Asian Wall Street Journal, Editorials & Opinion, July 13, 2000.
_______________. “No Easy Way Forward with China.” The New York Times, Op-ed., April 3, 2001, p. B7.
_______________. “The Taiwan Prescription Is Deterrence Without Provocation.” International Herald Tribune, Editorials/Opinion, April 23, 2001.
_______________. “Beware, Washington and Beijing Both Have a Hawks Problem.” International Herald Tribune, Editorials/Opinion, July 30, 2001.
Waldron, Arthur. “The End of Illusions.” Wall Street Journal, April 12, 2001.
Waldron, Arthur. “Conditions Attached to Reducing Arm Sales to Taiwan.” Financial Times, April 27, 2001.
Wortzel, Larry. “Dealing with the China-Taiwan Puzzle.” Washington Times,January 11, 2000, p. A11.
三、【智庫出版品、國會做證報告】
(I)Think Tank Publications:
AEI 2000 Annual Report, Washington DC: American Enterprise Institue, 2000.
Brookings Institution 2000 Annual Report, Washington DC: Brookings Institution, 2000.
Dalpino, Catharin. “Human Rights in China.” Brooking Policy Brief (June 1999).
Evan A. Feigenbaum, “ Change in Taiwan and Potential Adversity in the Strait,” Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense by Rand’s National Defense Research Institute MR-558-OSD, 1995.
Fisher, Richard and Yates, Stephen. “China’s Missile Diplomacy: A test of American Resolve in Asia.” The Heritage Foundation Backgrounder, No. 269, March 12, 1996.new window
Fisher, Richard. “China’s Threats to Taiwan Challenge U.S. Leadership in Asia.” The Heritage Foundation Backgrounder , No. 139, March 6, 1996.
____________. “Time to Heed the Cox Commission’s Wake-Up Call.” The Heritage Foundation Executive Memorandum, No. 602, June 3, 1999.
____________. “The PRC’s Third Zhuhai Air Show. ” Jamestown Foundation Reports, November 5-12, 2000.
____________. “The Collapse of China Policy: Undoing The Damage of The MFN Debate.” The Heritage Foundation Backgrounder (June 3, 1994): 1-2.
___________. “China’s Threats To Taiwan Challenge U.S. Leadership in Asia.” The Heritage Foundation Backgrounder No. 139 (March 6, 1996): 1-7.
___________. “China’s Missile Diplomacy: A Test of American Resolve in Asia.” The Heritage Foundation Backgrounder No. 269 (March 12, 1996): 1-3.
Gill, Bates. and Lardy, Nicholas. “China, Searching for a Post-Cold War Formula.” Brookings Review, Fall 2000, Vol. 18, No. 4, p. 15-18.
Haas, Richard and Lardy, Nicholas. “The United States and China: A New Framework,” Brookings Policy Brief (October 1997): 1-5.
_____________________________. “The United States and China: A New Framework,” Brookings Policy Brief (October 1997): 1-6.
The Heritage Foundation 2000 Annual Report, Washington DC: The Heritage Foundation, 2000.
Hunter, Robert E. “No. 1 Only Counts If You Have Influence,” Rand International Policy Op-Eds., April 13, 2001.
Lardy, Nicholas. “China: Searching for a Post-Cold War Formula,” Brookings Review (Fall 2000): 9
_____________. “Permanent Normal Trade Relations for China.” Brookings Policy Brief (May 2000): 1-5.
_____________. “China’s WTO Membership.” Brookings Policy Brief, (April 1999): 1-7.
______________. ‘China and the WTO.” Brookings Policy Brief, (November 1996): 1-11.
______________. “Permanent Normal Trade Relations for China,” Brookings Policy Brief (May 2000): 8-17.
______________. “China’s WTO Membership.” Brookings Policy Brief, (April 1999): 6-13.
Lilley, James. “Face-Off over Taiwan.” AEI On The Issues (March 2000): 1-3.
__________. “Saving China from Itself.” AEI On The Issues (February 1996): 1-2.
Lilley, James and Waldron, Arthur. “Taiwan Is a ‘State.’ Get Over It.” AEI On The Issues (August 1999): 1-3.
Lippencott, Brett. “At Summit, Put U.S.-China Policy On Solid Ground.” The Heritage Foundation Executive Memorandum No. 436 (October 23, 1995): 1-2.
Shlapak, David A., Orlestsky, David T., Wilson, Barry A., “Dire Strait? Military Aspects of the China-Taiwan Confrontation and Options for U.S. Policy, “ Rand’s Center for Asia-Pacific Policy Publications MR-1217-SRF, 2000.
Swaine, Michael D. “Taiwan Risks Getting in Over Its Head,” RAND International Policy Op-Eds., April 24, 2001.
_______________. “Five Lessons from a diplomatic Test,” RAND International Policy Op-Eds., April 15, 2001.
Tzeng, Fuh-Sen. “U.S.-China Relations At The Turn of The Century: Views From The Asia-Pacific Region,” CSIS, May 21, 1998.
Waldron, Arthur. “Taiwan’s Democratization Dilemma.” AEI On The Issues (June 2000): 1-3.
Wortzel, Larry M. “National Security Concerns and the China Trade Debate.” The Heritage Foundation Executive Memorandum, No.678 (June 5, 2000): 1-3.
______________. “Challenges As China’s Communist Leaders Ride The Tiger of Liberalization.” The Heritage Lectures, No.669 (June 13, 2000): 1-2.
______________. “Why The Administration Should Reaffirm The ‘Six Assurances’ To Taiwan,’’ The Heritage Foundation Backgrounder, No.1352 (March 16, 2000): 1-3
Wortzel, Larry and Yates, Stephen J. “What The Election in Taiwan Should Mean To Washington and Beijing,” The Heritage Foundation Executive Memorandum, No.665 (March 31, 2000): 1-4.
_____________________________. “How Trade with China Benefits Americans?” The Heritage Foundation Backgrounder, No. 1367 (May 5, 2000): 1-4.
Yates, Stephen. “Time to Act on Taiwan’s Security.” The Heritage Foundation Executive Memorandum, No. 651 (February 11, 2000): 1.
____________. “China’s Taiwan White Paper Power Play.” The Heritage Foundation Executive Memorandum, No. 656 (February 29, 2000): 1.
____________. “Permanent Trade Relations with China: Necessary Steps for Congress.” The Heritage Foundation Executive Memorandum, No. 661 (March 10, 2000): 1.
____________. “The Challenge of Taiwan’s Democracy For the United States and China.” The Heritage Foundation Backgrounder No. 272 (April 12, 1996): 1-4.
(II)Testimonies:
Gill, Bates. “Hearing on Giving Permanent Normal Trade Relations Status to China: National Security Implications.” United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee, July 18, 2000.
Gong, Gerrit W. “On the 20th Anniversary of the Taiwan Relations Act: U.S. Anchor Interests Across the Taiwan Strait.” Testimony before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific House Committee on International Relations (April 14, 1999) 1-6.
Lardy, Nicholas. “When Will China’s Financial System Meet China’s Needs?” Conference on Policy Reform in China, Stanford University, November 11, 1999.
_____________. Testimony, US-China Security Review Commission, May 10, 2001.
_____________. “U.S.-China Economic Issues: Implications For U.S. Policy,” Testimony, House East Asia Subcommittee, April 25, 2001.
_____________. “Statement at Hearing on China’s Accession to the World Trade Organization,” Senate Committee on Finance, April 6, 2000.
_____________. “Changing Congressional Views of the U.S.-China Relationship.” Senate Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs, Committee on Foreign Relations, June 18, 1998.
_____________. “Accession of China and Taiwan to the World Trade Organization.” Statement to the House Committee on Ways and Means, September 19, 1996.
Lord, Winston. “Taiwan Policy Review.’ Statement before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Washington DC: September 27, 1994.
Ministry of Defense. “The Security Situation in the Taiwan Strait.” February 26, 1999. http://www.taiwansecurity.org/IS/DL-twstrait-990226.htm
Office of the Press Secretary, The White House. “Press Briefing by Dr. Harry Harding And Dr. Kenneth Liberthal.” October 22, 1997. http://usconsulate.org.hk/uscn/jiang97/1022d.htm
四、【網際網路】
Acheson, David. “Relations Across the Taiwan Strait: Perspective from Mainland and Taiwan.” http://www/acus.org/publications/occasionalpapers/atlantic-pacific/chen-wei-fwd.html
Aldinger, Charles. “Cohen Says Anti-Missile System No Threat to China.” January 14, 1999. http://biz.yahoo.com/rf/990114/bm.html
Bush, Richard. “the United States Role in the Taiwan Straits Issue.” http://www.taiwansecurity.org/IS-Bush.htm.
Ford, Carl. “America’s Illogical Rules Make For Dangerous Policy In The Taiwan Strait.” http://taiwansecurity.org/IS/IS-Ford-990308.htm, March 1999.
Goetz, Jill. “China’s ‘Venomous’ Rhetoric on China is Denounced.” http://www.news.xornell.edu/Chronicle/97China_forum.html, April 3, 1997.
Hackett, James. “Why an Anti-Missile Umbrella Is Needed in East Asia.” http://taiwaninformation.org/view/csp/vol1num6.html
Hickey, Dennis Van Vranken. “The US And Cross Strait Rivalry: Strategic Partnership And Strategic Ambiguity.” http://taiwansecurity.org/IS/IS-Hickey-2.htm
Kagan, Robert, Kristol, William. “The Good Fight.” January 22, 2001. http://www.ceip.org/files/Publications/standard012201.asp?from=pubdate
Lasater, Martin L. “Critical Questions in U.S. Taiwan Policy.” http://taiwansecurity.org/IS/IS-Lasater-990328.htm, March 1999.
Li, Zhao. “China Remains Committed to Cooperative U.S. Relations, Expert Insist.” http://wwics.si.edu/NEWS/uschina.htm, July 12, 1999.
Reuters. “China Warns U.S. on Perry Taiwan Visit.” March 6, 1999. http://cnn.com/WORLD/asiapcf/9903/06/taiwan.01/index.thm1
Snyder, Charles. :Beijing Issues Arms Race Alert.” January 14, 1999. http://www.taiwansecurity.org/TS/TS-Lin.htm
Swaine, Michael. “Military Modernization and Asian Security.” August, 1998. http://www.standford.edu/group/APARC
五、【學術論文】
Abelson, Donald Edward. Descending The Ivory Tower: American Think Tanks and Their Role in United States Foreign Policy, 1976-1988. Kingston, Canada: Queen’s University At Kingston, 1992.
Bechtol, Bruce Emerson, Jr. Forces That Influence United States Policy On the Korean Peninsula: The Factors That Have Brought Change In The Land Of The Morning Calm. Washington DC: The Union Institute, 2000.
Freiman, Arnold Bruce. Elements: An Integrative Vision of Health and Wellness Washington DC: The Union Institute, 2000.
Gelman, Ruth Samberg. The Rhetoric of Think Tanks: Representing A Social Reality For Public Policy. Los Angeles: University of Southern California, 1988.
Glaser, Bonnie S. The Changing Roles and Influence of Chinese Civilain Foreign Policy Research Institutes, Prepared for Conference on “China’s Think Tanks: Windows on a Changing China,” Virginia, November 3, 2000.
Goss, Brian Michael. The Ideology Of Neo-Liberalism. Urbana-Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois At Urbana-Champaign, 2000.
Grady-Willis, Winston A. A Changing Tide: Black Politics And Activism in Atlanta, Georgia, 1960-1977. Atlanta: Emory University, 1998.
Morrow, Frank Spurgeon, Jr. The U.S. Power Structure And The Mass Media (United States). Austin, Texas:The University Of Texas At Austin, 1984.
Saunders, Phillip C. Chinese Think Tanks: Pathways to Policy Influence. Presented at Conference on “China’s Think Tanks: Windows on a Changing China,” Virginia, November 3, 2000.
Shambaugh, David. China’s International Relations Think Tanks: Evolving Structure & Process. Prepared for Conference on “China’s Think Tanks: Windows on a Changing China,” Virginia, November 3, 2000.
Smith, Mark Alan. The Paradox Of Unity: Business And Democracy in America. Minnesota:University Of Minnesota, 1997.
Rich, Andrew Owen. Think Tanks, Public Policy, and The Politics of Expertise, Hartford: Yale University, 1999.
Willis, Susan Marie. Conservative Think Tanks And Higher Education Policy: Selected Public Policy Research Institutes And Their Views On Issues In Higher Education. Bowling Green, Ohio:Bowling Green State University, 1991.
Zelizer, Julian Emmanuel. Taxing America: Wilbur Mills And The Culture of Fiscal Policy, 1949-1969. Washington DC: The John Hopkins University, 1996.
六、【參考書】
Tax-Exempt Status for Your Organization, Publication 557, Cat. No. 46573c, Washington DC: Department of Treasury, Internal Revenue Service, July 2001.
NIRA’s World Directory of Think Tanks 1999. 3rd ed. Tokyo: National Institute for Research Advancement, c1999.
Organizations or Policy Analysis: Helping Government Think. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1992.
Public Interest Profiles. Triennial. Washington DC: Foundation for Public Affairs, 1977/78.
Think Tank Directory: A Guide to Nonprogit Public Policy Research Organizations. Topeka, KS: Government Research Service, 1996.
Think Tanks Across Nations: a Comparative Approach. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998.
Think Tanks and Civil Societies: Catalysts for Ideas and Action. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, c2000.
貳、中文部分
一、【中文書籍】
王緝思。《冷戰後美國的全球戰略和世界地位》。台北市:生智文化事業有限公司,二○○一年八月。
王鐵生譯。Wilson, Graham K.著。《利益團體》(Interest Groups.)。台北市:五南圖書出版有限公司,民國八十二年。
丘昌泰。《公共政策:當代政策科學理論之研究》。台北市:巨流圖書公司,民國八十四年。
冉亮。《場外戰爭:公關與遊說》。台北市:時報文化出版企業有限公司,民國七十七年。
朱志宏。《公共政策》。台北:三民書局股份有限公司,民國八十年。
______。《智庫與公共政策-亞洲與世界社個案分析》。台北:亞洲與世界社,民國八十八年元月。
朱志宏、謝復生。《利益團體參與政治過程之研究》。台北市:行政院研究發展考核委員會,民國七十八年。
朱建民。《美國總統繽紛錄》。台北市:台灣商務印書館股份有限公司,一九九六年。
何大明譯。黎安友,陸伯彬著。《長城與空城計─中國尋求安全的戰略》。台北市:麥田出版社,一九九八年。
何思因主編。《美國》。台北:政治大學國際關係研究中心,民國八十三年。
范賢睿、孫家祥、楊廣輝。《領袖的外腦─世界著名思想庫》。北京:中國社會科學出版社,二○○○年五月。
李本京。《美國研究論文集》。台北:台灣書店印行,民國八十四年三月。
李國威。《國際關係新論》。台北:台灣商務印書館,民國七十七年。
李瞻。《政府公共關係》。台北:理論與政策雜誌社,民國八十一年。
林添貴譯。James H. Mann著。《轉向:從尼克森到克林頓美中關係揭幕》。(About Face: A History of America’s Curious Relationship with China, from Nixon to Clinton)台北:先覺出版股份有限公司,一九九九年七月。
胡為真。《美國對華「一個中國」政策之演變》。台北:台灣商務印書館。民國八十九年。
書林編輯部編譯。Joseph Gibaldi 著。《MLA論文寫作手冊》(MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers)。台北市:書林出版有限公司,民國八十七年。
許綬南譯。白禮博(Richard Bernstein),孟儒(Ross H. Munro)著。《即將到來的中美衝突》(The Coming Conflict with China)。台北市:麥田出版社,一九九七年。
孫同勛主編。《美國總統制之運作》。台北:中央研究院美國文化研究所,民國七十八年六月。
陳明。《國際關係與國際問題》。台北:亞洲與世界社,民國七十四年。new window
陳一新。《斷交後的中美關係:一九七九至一九九四》。台北:五南圖
書出版有限公司,民國八十四年九月。
陳衛平譯。《主導美國的勢力》。台北:允晨文化實業股份有限公司,
民國七十三年。
彭錦鵬主編。《美國政黨與利益團體》。台北市:中央研究院歐美研究
所,民國八十三年。
張亞中、孫國祥。《美國的中國政策─圍堵、交往、戰略夥伴》。台北:
生智文化事業有限公司,民國八十九年三月。
張亞中。《兩岸統合論》。台北:生智文化事業有限公司,民國八十九年八月台北。new window
傅建中編著。《季辛吉秘錄》。台北市:時報文化,一九九一年。
新新聞編譯小組譯。唐耐心著。《不確定的友情,台灣、香港與美國,一九四五至一九九二》。台北:新新聞文化事業股份有限公司,一九九二年三月。
________________。《超級說客:現代國際政治公關鼻祖》( The Power House: Robert Keith Gray and the Selling of Access and Influence in Washington.)。台北:新新聞文化事業股份有限公司,民國八十四年。
裘兆琳編。《美國外交與危機處理》。台北:中央研究院歐美研究所,民國八十二年七月。
________。《中美關係專題研究1992-1994》。台北:中央研究院歐美研究所,民國八十五年十二月。
趙伯英譯。《美國夢:一九六一年一月二十日,華盛頓》。台北:麥田出版,民國八十九年。
鄭哲民主編。《美國國會之制度與運作》。台北:中央研究院歐美研究所,民國八十一年六月。
薛詢譯。費正清著。《費正清論中國》。台北:正中書局,民國八十四年。
聯合報編譯組。Patrick Tyler著。《中美交鋒,1996年台海危機的內幕》(A Great Wall: Six Presidents and China)。台北市:聯經出版社,二○○○年。
聶振雄、張岱云、石浮、寧安生譯。塞謬爾杭廷頓著。《變動社會的政治秩序》。台北市:時報文化,一九九四年。
羅志淵。《美國政府及政治》。台北:正中書局,民國七十九年三月。
二、【中文期刊、雜誌、報紙】
(一)學術期刊:
江炳倫。〈美國遊說活動概況〉。《憲政思潮》。六二期,民國七十二年五月,月一七二~二○九。
牟華瑋。〈美國遊說情形及遊說管理法簡析〉。《立法院院聞》。第二三捲,第三期,頁三八~四一。
______。〈仕而優則說:美國政界遊說團體的運作方式〉。《外交部通訊》。第十二捲,第十一期,民國八十四年五月號,頁三六~三九。
李大維。〈美國總統與國會在外交上之分權〉。《美國月刊》。第三卷,
第二期,民國七十七年六月,頁五一~五七。
周喣。〈美國柯林頓政府的亞太安全政策〉。《美歐月刊》。第十一卷,第三期,民國八十五年三月,頁四~二二。
黃介正。〈美國政策研究智庫之特質與我應有之認識〉。《國家政策論壇》。第一卷第十期,民國九十年十二月,頁一一一~一一四。
陳毓鈞。〈尼克森與美國的對華政策〉。《美歐月刊》。第九卷,第六期,民國八十三年六月,頁十三~二六。
詹明瑛。〈智庫的功能與角色〉。《台灣經濟研究月刊》。第十七捲,第十二期,民國八十三年十二月,頁九三~九五。
劉淑惠。〈遊說活動如何規範:從美國的立法趨勢談起〉。《國家政策雙週刊》。第一一二期,民國八十四年五月十六,頁二七~二八。
蘇起。〈兩岸關係的三個特殊性〉。《國家政策論壇》。第一卷第十期,民國九十年十二月,頁一~四。
(二)普通期刊:
冉亮。〈美國的政商結合模式〉。《時報新聞周刊》。民國七十七年六月十九日,頁三二~三三。
曾復生。〈台北-北京-華府的互動趨勢備忘錄〉。《三民主義統一中國大同盟盟訊》。第104期,民國八十九年十二月二十五日,頁二三~二八。
______。〈台北-北京-華府的互動趨勢備忘錄〉。《三民主義統一中國大同盟盟訊》。第105期,民國九十年二月二十五日,頁二一 ~二五。
(三)報紙:
中央社。(美三智庫將先後訪台北北京)。《中央日報》。民國八十九年四月十七日,版二。
______。(美智庫預估:台海情勢半年內柳暗花明)。《中央日報》。民國八十九年五月二十二日,版二。
______。(美參院抨擊柯林頓對台政策已過時)。《自由時報》。民國八十三年七月二十三日,版四。
______。(李潔明:拒人千里令美國人羞恥)。《自由時報》。民國八十三年五月二十一日,版三。
______。(李潔明:抨擊柯林頓中國政策)。《自由時報》。民國八十三年十二月九日,版六。
中國時報社論。〈紐約時報:台灣在美遊說力量強大,對象廣泛,效果顯著,與以色列不相上下〉。《中國時報》。民國八十五年四月十日,版四。
王忠芳。〈錢復對美兩大智庫說法不表同意〉。《自立晚報》。民國八十二年五月十八日。
王良芬。〈美中台紐約第二軌道秘密會議〉。《中國時報》。民國八十七年七月十七日。Wysiwyg://20http://forums.chinatimes.com.tw/report/trackII//87071703.htm
______。〈美智庫研討會,關起門談台海策略〉。《中國時報》。民國八十七年七月十五日,版二。
王銘義。〈美智庫學者:立委選後兩岸才可能復談〉。《中國時報》。民國九十年三月二十一日,版二。
王嗣佑。〈拒絕參眾兩院決議案:美國務院重申立場,李總統只能過境不能訪美〉。《中央日報》。民國八十四年五月十二日,版二。
王景弘。〈柯林頓政府一個中國政策遭挑戰〉。《聯合報》。民國八十三年九月二十五日,版二。
______。〈羅德:認真考慮李總統訪美問題〉。《聯合報》。民國八十四年二月十一日,版二。
仇佩芬。〈親中、親台派,白宮高層打對台〉。《工商時報》。民國八十八年八月十一日,版十。
田思怡。〈波頓曾受台經費,美議員質疑〉。《聯合報》。九十年四月十日,版四。
冉亮。〈美台海軍事專家白邦瑞:對台軍售國會舉足輕重〉。《中國時報》。八十年四月二十四日,版一二。
____。〈美國國會與國務院鬥法〉。《中時晚報》。八十四年五月十日,版二。
____。〈卡西迪做到逾101萬美元生意〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年九月三十日,版二。
____。〈台灣對美遊說一擲千金〉。《工商時報》。民國八十四年九月三十日,版四。
____。〈美聲明裴利訪台係私人性質〉。《中國時報》。民國八十八年三月十日,版二。
____。〈兩岸三邊二軌會談月底召開〉。《中國時報》。民國八十八年八月二十二日,版四。
____。〈為台灣出兵,美民意不支持〉。《中時電子報》。一九九九年三月十六日。http://www.chinatimes/papers/express/xfocus/88031613.htm
____。〈華府大陸政策辯論,聚焦台灣〉。《中國時報》。八十九年五月十五日,版三、十四。
江今葉。〈美國智庫:國銀政策性貸款須減少〉。《工商時報》。八十八年四月二十八日,版十。
江文漢。〈期限外交不可行〉。《世界日報》。二○○○年五月十八日,頁B4。
______。〈穩定中發展,讓兩岸關係平衡前行〉。《勁報》。民國八十九年六月二十六日,頁N3。
阮玫芬。〈美智庫籲布希正視北京野心〉。《中央日報》。民國九十年四月五日,版九。
______。〈華府智庫國際論壇聚焦:軍售台灣台海安定〉。《中央日報》。民國九十年二月十七日,版三。
余志明。〈台灣政府在美委託七公司『遊說』〉。《民眾日報》。民國八十四年二月二十一日,版二。
沙特。〈美國海外利益法的影響性〉。《自由時報》。民國八十四年五月二十四日,頁十九。
宋秉忠。〈裴利抵北京,中共淡化第二軌道〉。《中國時報》。民國八十九年六月十八日,版十四。
於慧堅。〈過度集中是失衡的做法,裘兆琳建議移轉中美關係焦點〉。《自立晚報》。民國八十四年五月十三日,版四。
周怡倫。〈魯肇中:中共已大幅加強對美國會工作〉。《聯合報》。民國八十四年一月十日,版四。
周慧如。〈美國不介入兩岸高層對話〉。《工商時報》。民國八十四年三月十日,版二。
林晨柏、張瑞昌。〈接見美智庫談兩岸問題,陳總統:台灣須走新中間路線〉。《中國時報》。民國九十年三月二十日,版二。
林少予。〈卡西迪或台研院允諾續約〉。《中時晚報》。民國八十四年五月十九日,版二。
林寶慶。〈華府人士反應,布希處理得不錯〉。《聯合報》。民國九十年四月十二日,版十三。
______。〈卡西迪公司美國公關業盟主〉。《聯合報》。民國九十年十月二十四日,版四。
______。〈穆考斯基:致力促成李總統訪美〉。《聯合報》。民國八十三年十二月二十三日,版四。
俞智敏。〈美企業是中共在華府最佳說客〉。《自由時報》。民國八十六年三月二十五日,頁八。
高英茂。〈第二軌道究竟能發揮什麼功能?(上)〉。《中國時報》。民國八十七年八月十五日,版一五。
______。〈第二軌道究竟能發揮什麼功能?(下)〉。《中國時報》。民國八十七年八月十六日,版一四。
孫楊明。〈李總統訪美之路幕後角力〉。《聯合報》。民國八十四年五月九日,版三九。
徐麗玲。〈從李總統訪美國行看美國府會外交決策權爭奪戰〉。《工商時報》。民國八十四年六月十一日,版十。
陸以正。〈布希對華兩手策略:參院生變數〉。《聯合報》。民國九十年六月四日,版十五。
郭崇倫。〈第二軌道保持健康距離〉。《中時電子報》。民國八十七年七月十五日。http://www.chinatimes.com/report/trackII/87071501.htm
______。〈對第二軌道的偏見與誤解〉。《中時電子報》。民國八十七年八月二十一日。http://www.chinatimes.com/report/trackII/87082101.htm
______。〈美應否介入兩岸關係看法互異〉。《中時電子報》。一九九九年五月十九日。http://111.chinatimes/papers/ctimes/cfocus/88051904.htm
曹郁芬。〈透視對美公關的來龍去脈〉。《中國時報》。民國八十三年十一月十五日,版二三。
______。〈國民黨漸失華府政界信任〉。《自由時報》。民國九十年十月十九日,頁六。
陳一新。〈對美遊說與外交工作的定位〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年二月十五日,版十一。
陳子巖。〈布希新內閣:加州幫將成砥柱〉。《中國時報》。民國八十九年十二月十七日,版十一。
陳英姿。〈田弘茂:美戰略觀出現不同定位〉。《聯合報》。民國九十年二月二十日,版四。
張所鵬。〈學者促中美官方接觸,林霨:對台應採更現實作為〉。《中央日報》。民國八十七年五月十六日,版二。
______。〈何漢理:美對台軍售堅定不變〉。《中央日報》。民國八十七年六月十三日,版二。
______。〈美智庫評估:中共尚無攻佔封鎖台灣能力〉。《中央日報》。民國八十八年六月二十一日,版十。
______。〈華府智庫:美應對民主台灣說YES〉。《中央日報》。民國八十八年四月十四日,版二。
張麗芳。〈華府智庫:加強台灣反潛反封鎖能力〉。《中央日報》。民國九十年三月二十八日,版九。
______。〈坎貝爾將轉任智庫主管:任職美國防副助理部長期間,力主信守台灣關係法〉。《中央日報》。民國八十九年二月十八日,版十。
______。〈智庫:美應強化台灣軍力遏阻中共〉。《中央日報》。民國八十九年七月二十一日,版十。
傅依傑。〈美中台第二管道中斷〉。《聯合報》。民國九十年四月二十三日,版十三。
______。〈美知名智庫外交關係協會所辦「兩岸關係再思考」研討會發表聲明:兩岸應避免走向「希臘式悲劇」〉。《聯合報》。民國八十九年二月十五日,版十三。
______。〈美六重量及學者出訪兩岸高層〉。《聯合報》。民國八十九年十二月三日,版四。
______。〈美智庫建議:避免誤判情勢兩岸應建和平架構〉。《聯合報》。民國八十九年十月二十五日,版十三。
______。〈美「中」台圓桌會議閉幕:大陸學者一度提對台動武態度強悍〉。《聯合報》。民國八十九年八月十七日,版十三。
______。〈紐約第二管道會談,馬英九將出席〉。《聯合報》。民國八十九年八月十日,版十三。
傅建中。〈台研院三年花570萬美金請卡西迪做公關〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年二月二十日,版二。
______。〈劉院長如認有出入,何不公佈委託合同〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年二月二十一日,版二。
______。〈台研院在美遊說費空前絕後〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年二月二十三日,版七。
______。〈無底前坑:台灣在美遊說活動面面觀〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年三月二十日,版二三。
______。〈評美國務院關於李總統訪美時聲明〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年五月六日,版二。
______。〈李總統的『美』夢成真─美國民意的洪流沖垮了國務院的大壩〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年五月二十二日,版四。
______。〈羅德:兩岸對談美決不走上提建議的滑坡〉。《中時電子報》。一九九九年五月十五日。http://www.chinatimes.c/papers/ctims/cfocus/88051515.htm
______。〈美前駐北京大使李潔明分析指出:台獨可能導致武力衝突〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年四月八日,版四。
_______。〈美眾院無異議通過決議促白宮應讓李總統訪美〉。《中國時報》。民國八十四年五月四日,版二。
裘兆琳。〈人亡政不息〉。《中國時報》,民國八十四年十一月六日,版三。
劉屏。〈美智庫布魯金斯研究院首度發布「東北亞報告」剖析兩岸關係:今年台海情勢須避免沸騰〉。《中國時報》。民國九十年三月十六日,版三。
劉其筠。〈指台北遊說,美國會施壓,羅德向魯肇中表達不滿〉。《聯合報》。民國八十四年五月十一日,版二。
______。〈美國會議員指中國政策癱瘓〉。《聯合報》。民國八十三年五月十二日,版二。
______。〈華府智庫:台灣就算加入TMD仍難防中共飛彈〉。《聯合報》。民國八十八年十月十五日,版十三。
______。〈美智庫:美應重申雷根對台六點保證〉。《聯合報》。民國八十九年三月十八日,版十四。
蔡滄波。〈九四年台美關係回顧〉。《自由時報》。民國八十四年一月二日,頁六。
______。〈從卡西迪事件看外交系統認知差距〉。《自由時報》。民國八十四年二月十五日,頁二四。
______。〈兩岸國會遊說的新態勢〉。《自由時報》。民國八十四年十二月一日,頁八。
蔡繼光。〈美智庫:中共隨時可成核武強權〉。《聯合報》。民國九十年二月二十七日,版一一。
蘇起。〈美禮遇扁:是補償與預防〉。《中時晚報》。民國九十年六月三日,版五。
蘇永耀。〈對美工作,我宜鎖定小布希幕僚〉。《自由時報》。八十九年十二月十五日,頁二。
蘇永耀。〈遊說外交:高層官員將密集訪美〉。《自由時報》。九十年四月六日,頁四。
魏鏞。〈在知識與權力之間:基金會與智庫在開放社會中的角色與展望〉。《中國時報》。民國七十九年十月十五日,版二。
____。〈中美關係發展與學術外交〉。《中國時報》。民國八十七年九月八日,版十五。
____。〈表達善意兩岸都有進步的空間〉。《聯合報》。民國八十九年五月十九日。http://www.future-china.org/fcn-tw/200005/2000051917.htm
____。〈一份涵蓋政治性與戰略性的文件〉。《中國時報》。民國八十九年二月二十五日。
http://forums.chinatimes.com.tw/report/bargain/htm/89022501.asp
____。〈朱鎔基訪美後的美「中」關係,兼論兩岸關係改善的途徑〉。
http://www.chinabiz.org.tw/InvCina/199905-063/199905-011.html
____。〈美國全球戰略思維新趨勢〉。http://www.ccit.edu.tw/~g880401/military/00-01/usastrategy.htm
____。〈魏鏞建議開放市鎮首長互訪〉。《中央日報》。http://www.cdn.com.tw/daily/2000/11/15/text/891115g3.htm
三、【網際網路】:
http://www.arc.org.tw,中美關係網頁。
http://thomas.loc.gov,美國國家圖書館網站。
http://www.heritage.org,傳統基金會網站。
http://www.brookings.org,布魯金斯研究院網站。
http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/psthink.html,密西根大學網站。
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/inviv/lehman/ttanks.html,哥倫比亞大學網站。
http://www.ncl.edu.tw,國立中央圖書館網站。
參、【訪談紀錄】:依照訪問時間先後順序
Feldman, Harvey J. Senior Fellow, Asian Studies Center, The Heritage Foundation. Washington DC, U.S.A., August 20, 2000.
Feulner, Edwin Jr. President, The Heritage Foundation, Washington DC, U.S.A. August 20, 2000.
Wortzel, Larry M. Director, Asian Studies Center, The Heritage Foundation. Washington DC, U.S.A. August 20, 2000.
Yates, Stephen J. Senior Policy Analyst, Asian Studies Center, The Heritage Foundation. Washington DC, U.S.A. August 21, 2000.
Neilan, Edward. Senior Fellow, Asian Studies Center, The Heritage Foundation. Washington DC, U.S.A., August 20, 2000.
Marshall, Will. President, Progressive Policy Institute. Washington DC, U.S.A., August 22, 2000.
Bates, Jenny. International Economist, Progressive Policy Institute. Washington DC, U.S.A., August 22, 2000.
Nider, Steven J. Director, Foreign & Security Studies, Progressive Policy Institute. Washington DC, U.S.A., August 22, 2000.
Gill, Bates. Director, Fellow and Director, Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies, Foreign Policy Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, Washington DC, U.S.A. August 22, 2000.
Gershamn, Carl. President, National Endowment for Democracy. Washington DC, August 23, 2000.
Bolton, John R. Senior Vice President, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. Washington DC, U.S.A., August 23, 2000.
Lilley James R. Resident Fellow, Asian Studies, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 25, 2001.
Waldron, Arthur. Director, Asian Studies, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 24, 2001.
Zhao, Menghao. Research Assistant, Asian Studies, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 24, 2001.
Yu, Joanna C. Research Assistant, Asian Studies, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. Washington DC, U.S.A, January 24, 2001.
Dalpino, Catharin. Fellow and Deputy Director, Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies, Foreign Policy Studies Program, The Brookings Institution. Washington DC, U.S.A. January 26, 2001.
Chang, Jennifer C. Research Assistant, Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies, The Brookings Institution. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 26, 2001.
Gong, Gerrit W. Freeman Chair in China Studies, Director, Asian Studies Program, Center for Strategic and international Studies. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 29, 2001.
Murdock, Stacey M. Executive Assistant, Asia Program, Center for Strategic and International Studies. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 29, 2001.
Liu, Philip H.P. Research Associate, Center for Strategic and international Studies. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 29, 2001.
Yu, Alan K. Deputy Advisor, Taiwan Coordination Staff, Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs, United States Department of State. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 26, 2001.
Jarrett, Kenneth. Director for Asian Affairs, National Security Council, The White House. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 26, 2001.
Freeman, Charles W. III. Counsel for International Affairs to Senator Frank Murkowski, United States Senate. Washington DC, U.S.A., January 25, 2001.
張嘉政,駐美國台北經濟文化代表處秘書。美國華盛頓特區,民國九十年元月二十六日。
Lampton, David, M. Director of Chinese Studies, The Nixon Center. Taipei, Taiwan, April 30, 2001.
Bolton, John. Deputy Secretary of State, Marriot Hotel, Metro Center, Washington DC, IDU Meeting, May 24th, 2001.
Haass, Richard. Presidential Advisor. The Old Executive Office Building, White House, Washington DC, IDU Meeting, May 24th, 2001.
Gilmore, James. Chairman, Republican National Committee and Governor of Virginia, Marriot Hotel, Metro Center, Washington DC, IDU Meeting, May 25th, 2001.
Fisher, Richard. Senior Fellow, The Jamestown Foundation. Washington DC, July 16, 2001.
Yates, Stephen. Assistant to Vice President National Security Affairs. The Old Executive Office Building, The White House, July 16, 2001.
程建人。中華民國駐美代表。華盛頓特區駐美代表處,民國九十年七月十七日。
Garver, John. Professor, Georgia Institute of Technology. Heritage Foundation, July 19, 2001.
王建偉。中國籍喬治華盛頓大學訪問學者。喬治華盛頓大學,民國九十七年七月二十六日。
Dickson, Bruce. Director, Sigur Center, George Washington University, July 30, 2001.
任曉。中國復旦大學國際關係與公共事務學院副教授。喬治華盛頓大學,民國九十七年七月三十一日。
劉曉鵬。戰略暨國際研究中心亞洲事務部分析員,民國九十七年八月四、十、十七日。
Pillsbury, Michael. Senior Analyst, The Pentagon. Interviewed by telephone, August 6, 2001.
Wortzel, Larry. Director, Asian Studies Center, Heritage Foundation, August 6, 2001.
Tai, John. Policy Analyst, U.S./ Commission on International Religious Freedom, Congress, August 8, 2001.
Foarde, John. Vice President, The US-China Business Council. August 8, 2001.
Tkacik, John. Senior Fellow, Heritage Foundation, August 8, 2001.
Ravich, Samantha. Assistant to Vice President National Security Affairs,
August 22, 2001.
Mochisuki, Mike. Director, Sigur Center, George Washington University and non-residence Fellow, Brookings University. August 22, 2001.
Yu, Joanna. Congressional Staff of House Majority Leader. August 22, 2001.
Schuette, Keith. Lobbyist, Barbour Griffith & Rogers, August 24, 2001.
Morrison, Wayne. Researcher, Congressional Research Center, Congress. August 27, 2001.
曹郁芬。自由時報駐華府特派員。電話訪談,民國九十年九月六日。
Marco, Edward. Acting Dean, The Elliott School, George Washington University. September 6, 2001.
Gill, Bates. Director, Northern Asia Program, Brookings Institution. Interviewed by telephone, September 6, 2001.
沈呂巡。中華民國駐美副代表。華盛頓特區駐美代表處,民國九十年九月七日。
史哲維。無限衛星電視台(TVBS)新聞部駐華府特派員。電話訪問,民國九十年九月七日。
Shambaugh, David. Director, China Program, Sigur Center, George Washington University and non-residence Fellow, Brookings Institution. September 13, 2001.
Sutter, Robert. Professor, Asian Studies Program, Edmund A. Walsh School, Georgetown University. September 17, 2001.
Harding, Harry. Dean, The Elliott School, George Washington University. September 18, 2001.
黃介正。中華歐亞教育基金會副執行長。台北,中華歐亞教育基金會,民國九十年十月三十日。
陳錫蕃。國家政策研究基金會國家安全組副召集人。台北,國家政策研究基金會,民國九十年十二月二十四日。
林中斌。行政院大陸工作委員會副主任委員。電話訪談:民國九十一年元月二日。
 
 
 
 
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