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題名：專屬性投資與防衛機制之研究--不對稱組織間關係的供應商觀點
作者：孫碧娟
作者(外文)：Sun Pi-chuan
校院名稱：國立臺北大學
系所名稱：企業管理學系
指導教授：黃營杉
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2004
主題關鍵詞：專屬性投資；防衛機制；統治機制；準整合；共同開發新產品；共同制定決策；Specific Investments；Safeguarding Mechanism；Governance；Quasi Integration；Joint New Product Development；Joint Decision-Making
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本研究的目的在於以台灣代工廠商為研究對象，來驗證實體資產專屬性投資、區位專屬性投資、程序專屬性投資與知識專屬性投資對於準整合、共同開發新產品與共同制定決策的影響。因此本研究以334家資訊硬體製造業作為研究對象，探討台灣代工供應商的專屬性投資對防衛機制之影響，全部寄出668份問卷，回收133份，回收率為19.9% (133/668)。本研究先以SPSS統計軟體進行基本資料分析與探索性因素分析，接著根據Anderson & Gerbing (1988) 之two-step approach, 以AMOS 5.0統計軟體進行衡量模式的驗證，再進行結構模式的驗證，結果發現：(1)程序專屬性投資與知識專屬性投資對準整合有顯著的正向影響，知識專屬性投資和區位專屬性投資對共同開發新產品有顯著的正向影響，然並無足夠證據支持專屬性投資會影響共同制定決策。(2)供應商的專屬性投資會影響統治機制。因此，交易成本理論仍然適用於不對稱組織間關係的供應商情境。(3) 台灣代工廠商依賴共同開發新產品作為專屬性投資的防衛機制的程度較共同制定決策高。因此，對台灣代工廠商而言，共同開發新產品是比共同制定決策重要的防衛機制。(4) 統治機制的各個構面之決定因素不同。知識專屬性投資與程序專屬性投資對準整合有顯著的影響效果，知識專屬性投資與區位專屬性投資對共同開發新產品有顯著的影響效果，而各種專屬性投資對共同制定決策的影響均不顯著。(5) 對台灣代工廠商而言，知識專屬性投資對統治機制的影響最大。(6) 供應商的績效(新品開發、品質、價格與交期)愈佳，參與共同制定決策的程度較高，而且參與共同開發新產品的程度也愈高。(7) 買方的可替代性較低時，供應商與客戶的準整合程度較高。(8) 供應商參與共同開發新產品的程度愈高，供應商與客戶共同制定決策的程度愈高。
The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between specific investments (physical asset, site, business process and domain knowledge ) and governance mechanism (quasi integration, joint new product development and joint decision-making). The conceptual model is empirically tested using cross-sectional survey data, based on the administration of mail questionnaires to key informants within a sample of 668 cases from 334 Taiwanese contract manufacturers of information products. The hypotheses are tested with 133 effective cases using structural equation model (AMOS 5.0). Empirical results are summarized as follow: (1) As predicted, business process specific investment and domain knowledge specific investment are positively related to quasi integration. The path from business process specific investment to quasi integration and that from domain knowledge specific investment to quasi integration are both positive and significant. (2) In general, our results are consistent with the theoretical predictions of transaction cost economics, i.e., relationship-specific assets in exchange is key determinant of governance. (3) Joint new product development is a more important safeguarding mechanism than joint decision making for Taiwanese suppliers within the context of international subcontracting partnership. (4) The determinants of various dimensions of governance are different. (5)Domain knowledge specific investments surpass physical assets specific investment as an important determinant of governance choice. (6) Supplier’s performance is significantly and positively related to the level of joint new product development and joint decision-making. (7) Buyer replaceability is significantly and inversely related to the level of quasi integration. (8) Joint new product development is significantly and positively related to the level of joint decision-making.
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