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題名:銀行業海外擴張決定因素之研究
作者:周秀霞 引用關係
校院名稱:國立政治大學
系所名稱:金融研究所
指導教授:沈中華
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2008
主題關鍵詞:銀行業海外擴張追隨顧客金融中心引力模型
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本論文的研究目的在探討影響多國籍銀行(Multinational Bank)進行海外擴張的決定因素。本文採用多國籍銀行在當地設立經營據點的直接投資(Foreign Direct Investment, FDI)方式為代理變數,且有別於之前的跨國研究,同時考量到地主國直接投資的銀行家數與設立的分支機構數。
本文共有三個研究子題,第一個子題以台灣為樣本,分析多國籍銀行進行海外擴張,與在當地同國籍的顧客間的關係。實證結果顯示,當以實體分支機構的擴張為外國銀行擴張的代理變數時,完全支持追隨顧客理論,但以財務擴張為外國銀行擴張的代理變數時,幾近完全支持追隨顧客理論。
第二個子題分析台北、香港和上海(兩岸三地)對外國銀行的吸引力,探討影響外國銀行選擇三個城市進行海外擴張的因素。在國家總體銀行家數的實證結果中顯示,母國GDP愈高、母國與地主國的地理距離愈近、母國與地主國的雙邊貿易愈多以及群聚效果,與在地主國投資的多國籍銀行家數呈現正向關係。至於銀行選擇在這三個城市投資後,會設立多少個分支機構,主要受兩個因素影響,當銀行總資產愈多,以及母國與地主國的文化距離愈近,銀行設立的分支機構愈多。
第三個子題分析多國籍銀行選擇亞洲十個主要城市進行海外擴張的決定因素。實證結果顯示,影響多國籍銀行在亞洲城市直接投資的因素可區分為三方面,首先是母國因素,當母國經濟規模愈大或大銀行家數愈多,在地主城市設立營運據點的銀行較多,設立的分支機構亦較多。其次是母國與地主國間的整合程度,當兩國間的雙邊貿易額增加以及兩國距離較近,在地主城市設立營運據點的銀行家數較少,分支機構也較少。最後是地主國因素,當地主國的經濟環境愈自由、地主國的法規品質愈高或地主國本身為國際金融中心,也會吸引較多的外國銀行,並設立較多分支機構。
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