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題名：蔡淑媛
作者：蔡淑媛
作者(外文)：Su-Yuan Tsai
校院名稱：國立高雄科技大學
系所名稱：國際企業系
指導教授：王天津 博士
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2018
主題關鍵詞：音樂廳；交響樂團；模糊理論；三角模糊數；模糊多準則決策；Concert hall；Symphony orchestra；Fuzzy theory；Triangular Fuzzy Number；Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making
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摘要
音樂廳室內聲響(Room Acoustics)與聲譽，為交響樂團選擇使用場地重要考量因子。本文建立音樂廳一套實用性評選機制，供大型交響樂團決策參考，以演奏家需求觀點為前提，將台灣六座音樂廳的建築音響性能、噪音控制、及管理設施，以「適用性」與「效率」為評選準則，計算出音樂廳優劣之排序。因此，提出一項以模糊理論(Fuzzy Theory)三角模糊數(Triangular Fuzzy Numbers) 模糊多準則決策(Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making, FMCDM)模式，協助交響樂團評選音樂廳之重要因素，並且將計算重要性提供給音樂廳作為參考依據。首先，本研究利用開放式問卷由建築師、聲學家、學者、場館館長等12位專家，找出對音樂廳演出品質有影響的因素，得到50個準則。其次，由上述12位專家針對50個準則以5個語意詞(Linguistic)勾選其重要程度。再以模糊理論彙整所有專家意見，解模糊化後得到50個準則權重值並排序。此外，本研究由12位演奏家分別對六座音樂廳評估在50個準則上的良窳。同樣以模糊理論整合所有專家對六座音樂廳在50個準則上表現之評估值，之後以最大最小解模糊化法得到明確值，並對六座音樂廳整體評估之優劣排序。
本研究為二階段問卷，第一階段為重要性問卷由12位專家勾選，第二階段為六座音樂廳在各準則評估，由12位演奏家勾選。研究結果顯示，前三個重要性準則為：聲譽＞節目審查門檻＞觀眾雙耳互相關係數(IACC)。六座音樂廳整體評估排序為：A1＞A4＞A2＞A3＞A5＞A6。本研究以模糊理論建構對評選音樂廳之客觀評估模式：(1)以開放式問卷收集專家對評選音樂廳之評估準則，(2)以模糊理論計算音樂廳各評估準則之權重，(3)以模糊理論整合專家評估。此音樂廳評估模式，融合整體、客觀、主觀之評量結果，可供未來興建音樂廳參考。
關鍵字：音樂廳，交響樂團，模糊理論，三角模糊數，模糊多準則決策
Abstract
Room Acoustics and the reputation of concert hall are both important factors for symphony orchestras in choosing an appropriate venue to perform. This research established a practical assessment mechanism for symphony orchestras as a reference in choosing a concert hall. Base on the soloists' requirements, this research used the two criteria “adaptability” and “efficiency” to evaluate and rank the six Taiwanese concert halls in terms of architectural acoustics performance, noise control and managerial effectiveness. Fuzzy Theory, Triangular Fuzzy Numbers and Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making model were proposed to select the important factors with weight being the references for symphony orchestras.
This research involves a two-stages design consisted of questionnaires for experts and soloists. The first stage, fifty criteria affecting quality of performance of concert halls concluded by the twelve experts, including architects, acousticians, scholars and curators through an open questionnaire. Then Fuzzy Theory have been proposed to summarize the opinions of experts, obtained the weighting values of the fifty criteria by using de-fuzzy calculation and rank the criteria. The second stage consisting of questionnaires for soloists on evaluating the six Taiwanese concert halls based on the fifty criteria by using the five linguistic meanings. According to Fuzzy Theory, the weight values of the fifty criteria multiplied the evaluation performances of questionnaires collected from the twelve soloists, then this research applied the Max-Min method to de-fuzzy the values to gain the crisp values of the fifty criteria.
The results of the first stage questionnaires showed the three most important criteria in orders as reputation, bench line of performing programs verification and International Anti-Counterfeiting Coalition (IACC). From the results of the second stage questionnaires stated the ranking of the six Taiwanese concert halls which is A1 ＞A4 ＞A2 ＞A3＞A5 ＞A6. This research built an assessment model in selecting a concert hall as the following:
(1) to collect the experts' opinions for assessing concert hall through an open questionnaire.
(2) to calculate the weights of the criteria of concert halls by applying Fuzzy Theory.
(3) to integrate experts' evaluation by applying Fuzzy Theory.
This research provided not only an integrated, objective and subjective assessment model in selecting an adequate concert hall but also a guideline for building concert halls in the future.
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