Mr. Yao Yi-Wei, the well-known playwright and dramatist, published Miss X on February 3, 1991, at Chinatime. This is the 13th of his 14 plays, and is his darkest and most pessimistic work. This thesis tries to discover the playwright's motivation from the social and political background, in Taiwan and internationally, during the period leading up to publication of Miss X. During the Eighties many communist countries collapsed. In Taiwan, a group of politicians used the 'provincial complex' as a kind of tool to raise awareness of a Taiwanese consciousness. Unfortunately, Mr. Yao belonged to the group which were unwelcomed by those ambitious politicians. The writing of Miss X was, above all, connected profoundly with his homecoming experience. Both in 1989 and 1990, Mr. Yoa went back to his hometown of Nanchang in mainland China. He had endured a forced separation from his affectionate family for nearly 50 years because the wars. The strong impact of the political changes and his incomplete family reunion (both of his parents had passed away in his absence) forced Yao Yi-Wei to write Miss X as a kind of confession.