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題名:模糊統計在分析樂觀量表之應用
書刊名:教育與心理研究
作者:胡悅倫 引用關係吳柏林
作者(外文):Hu, YuehluenWu, Berlin
出版日期:2002
卷期:25(下)
頁次:頁457-484
主題關鍵詞:模糊統計隸屬度函數樂觀量表Fuzzy sampling surveyMembership functionsIndex of optimism
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:7
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:41
樂觀(Optimism)是指個人對於發生在自己身上的事物能採取正向角度來看待,而現今對於樂觀此一特質的測量,主要採取自陳量表與投射測驗兩種方式。而所有與樂觀研究有關的自陳量表中又以Scheier & Carver(1987)編製的生活導向測驗量表(Life Orientation Test,簡稱LOT)最常被使用。然而傳統的LOT具有評分與答題方式上的缺點存在,因此本研究即提出模糊理論的統計模式,以期能針對過去自陳量表的缺失予以改進,以便能更正確的瞭解個體的內在感受與想法。 傳統問卷設計與分析,常用勾選的方式讓受訪者在數個選項中選出唯一一個答案。問題是當受訪者的回答不只一個時,單一選答的結果,可能造成資料難以精準地反映事實真相。本文即是利用模糊邏輯概念來改良傳統之LOT 樂觀量表,允許受訪者在數個選項中填寫隸屬度,以改進原量表恐無法精確反應受試者樂觀程度之缺失。
Optimism means that people can take things happening to themselves from a positive point of view. Two major ways to assess the personality of optimism these days are using self-report scales and projective tests. Above all self-report scales used in optimism related research, the Life Orientation Test made by Scheier & Carver(1987)is the most popular one. However, the original LOT has disadvantages with its point system and way of answering, therefore, in order to improve these shortcomings, and to understand people’s inner feelings and thinking more accurately, we propose a statistics model of fuzzy theory in this research. The design and analysis of a traditional questionnaire usually uses a checklist for answering, and asks subjects to choose only on answer for each item. The problem is when the subject has more than one answer on his/her mind, asking the subject to make only on decision for each item might make the data inaccurate. Hence, in this research, we use the concept of fuzzy theory to improve the original Life Orientation Test. The way to improve the shortcomings of the original scale is that subjects in this research can make several answers for each item and can give each answer a percentage.
期刊論文
1.Scheier, M. F.、Carver, C. S.(1992)。Effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being: Theoretical overview and empirical update。Cognitive Therapy and Research,16(2),201-228。  new window
2.Schweizer, K.、Beck-Seyffer, A.、Schneider, R.(1999)。Cognitive bias of optimism and its influence on psychological well-being。Psychological Reports,84(2),627。  new window
3.Epstein, S.、Meier, P.(1989)。Constructive thinking: A broad coping variable with specific components。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,57(2),332-350。  new window
4.Fry, P. S.(1995)。Perfectionism, humor, and optimism as moderators of health outcomes and determinants of coping styles of women executives。Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs,121(2),211-245。  new window
5.Peterson, Christopher(1988)。Explanatory style as a risk factor for illness。Cognitive Therapy and Research,12(2),119-132。  new window
6.Nolen-Hoeksema, S.、Girgus, J. S.、Seligman, M. E. P.(1986)。Learned helplessness in children: A longitudinal study of depression, achievement, and explanatory style。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,51(2),435-442。  new window
7.Guariso, G.、Rizzoli, A.、Werthner, H.(1992)。Identification of model structure via qualitive simulation。IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics,22(5),1075-1086。  new window
8.Dubois, D.、Prade, H.(1991)。Fuzzy Sets in Approximate Reasoning, Part 1: Inference with Possibility Distributions。Fuzzy Sets and Systems,40(1),143-202。  new window
9.Canter, N.、Norem, J. K.(1989)。Defensive pessimism and stress and coping。Social Cognition,7,92-112。  new window
10.Tennen, H.、Affleck, G.(1987)。The costs and benefits of optimistic explanations and dispositional optimism。Journal of Personality,55(2),377-393。  new window
11.Ruspini, E.(1991)。Approximate Reasoning: Past, Present, Future。Information Sciences,57,297-317。  new window
12.Tseng, T.、Klein, C.(1992)。A New Algorithm for Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision Making。International Journal of Approximate Reasoning,6(1),45-66。  new window
13.Zadeh, Lotfi Asker(1965)。Fuzzy sets。Information and Control,8(3),338-353。  new window
14.Prola, M.(1984)。A scale to measure optimism about college life。Psychological reports,1984,555-557。  new window
15.Kleijn, W. C.、Ploeg, H. M.、Mook, J.、Henk, M.(1992)。Positively and negatively worded items in a self-report measure of dispositional optimism。Psychological Reports,71,275-278。  new window
16.Nelson, E. S.、Karr, K. M.、Coleman, P. K.(1995)。Relationships among daily hassles, optimism and reported physical symptoms。Journal of College Student Psychotherapy,10(2),11-26。  new window
17.Cederblad, M.、Dahlin, L.、Hagnell, O.、Hansson, K.(1995)。Coping with life span crises in a group at risk of mental and behavioral disorders: From the Lundby study。Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica,91(5),322-330。  new window
18.Lee, C.、Ashford, S. J.、Jamieson, L. F.(1993)。The effects of Type A behavior dimensions and optimism on coping strategy, health, and performance。Journal of Organizational Behavior,14,143-157。  new window
19.Lowen, R.(1990)。A fuzzy lagrange interpolation theorem。Fuzzy Sets and Systems,34,33-38。  new window
20.Malinchoc, M.、Colligan, R. C.、Offord, K. P.(1996)。Assessing explanatory style in teenagers: Adolescent norms for the MMPI Optimism-Pessimism Scale。Journal of Clinical Psychology,52(3),285-295。  new window
21.Peterson, Christopher、Seligman, Martin E. P.、Vaillant, George E.(1988)。Pessimistic explanatory style is a risk factor for physical illness: A thirty-five-year longitudinal study。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,55(1),23-27。  new window
22.Plomin, R.、Scheier, Michael F.、Bergeman, C. S.、Pederson, N. L.、Nesselroade, J. R.、McClearn, G. E.(1992)。Optimism, Pessimism and Mental Health: A Twin/adoption Analysis。Personality and Individual Differences,13(8),921-930。  new window
23.Scheier, Michael F.、Carver, Charles S.(1987)。Dispositional optimism and physical well-being: The influence of generalized outcome expectancies on health。Journal of Personality,55(2),169-210。  new window
24.Strassle, C. G.、McKee, E. A.、Plant, D.(1999)。Optimism as an indicator of psychological health: using psychological assessment wisely。Journal of Personality Assessment,72(2),190-199。  new window
25.Thomas, S. P.(1989)。Gender differences in anger expression: Health implications。Research in Nursing and Health,12,389-398。  new window
26.Weinstein, N. D.(1984)。Why it won't happen to me: Perceptions of risk factors and susceptibility。Health Psychology,3(5),431-457。  new window
會議論文
1.Wu, B. L.、Sun, C. M.(1996)。Fuzzy Statistics and Computation on the Lexical Semantics: How Much Do You Think? and How Many?。The 11th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information, and Computation。Seoul。337-346。  new window
圖書
1.Wearly, G.、Stanley, M. A.、Harvey, J. H.(1989)。Attribution。New York, NY:Spring-Verlag。  new window
2.Kosko, Bart(1933)。Fuzzy Thinking: The New Science of Fuzzy Logic。New York:Hyperion。  new window
3.阮亨中、吳柏林(2000)。模糊數學與統計應用。俊傑書局。  延伸查詢new window
4.Wang, Zhenyuan、Klir, George J.(1992)。Fuzzy Measure Theory。New York, NY:Plenum Press。  new window
5.Murray, H. A.(1938)。Explorations in personality。New York:Oxford University Press。  new window
6.Zimmermann, H. J.(1991)。Fuzzy set theory and its applications。Kluwer Academic Publishers。  new window
圖書論文
1.吳柏林、楊文山(1997)。模糊統計在社會調查分析的應用。社會科學計量方法發展與應用。臺北:中央研究院中山人文社會科學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
2.Janoff-Bulman, R.、Brickman, P.(1982)。Expectations and what people learn from failure。Expectations and Actions: Expectancy-Value Models in Psychology。Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.。  new window
 
 
 
 
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