英語名詞主語 －動詞－名詞賓語 －形容詞的格式可以理解為使動式、結果式、論元小句或附加語－謂語結構。附加語－謂語結構稱為描述式，這種格式中附加語－謂語可以指向主語，也可以指向賓語 (Rapoport 1993ab&1999)。本文探討英語的這兩種描述式在台灣閩南語（簡稱台語）是怎麼表達的。台語的形義關係較透明。主語指向的描述式以名詞主語 －形容詞附加語 －動詞－名詞賓語 的格式或名詞主語 －動詞附加語 －動詞－名詞賓語 的格式表示。賓語指向的描述式以名詞主語 －形容詞－動詞－名詞賓語 的格式或特列結構名詞主語－連詞（趁）－名詞賓語 －形容詞附加語 －動詞表示。就描述式而言，不論指向主語或賓語，英語的附加語，都出現於賓語之後，但是台語的附加語一律出現動詞之前。 英語和台語的結果式中附加語都出現賓語之後，這點和上述描述式的其況大異其趣。台語不論是主語指向或賓語指向都遵守附加語在賓語之後的限制。總之，描述式和結果式雖然內在語義不同，英語的表現格式疊合為一，台語卻表現格式不同（描述式中附加語在主要動詞之前，結果式中附加語在主要動詞之後，）反映時間先後順序和語詞前後順序的平行性。不同格式所涵蓋的不同語義結構，也可說是以不同的語序表現出來。

The constructions with the structure Nsub-V-Nobj-ADJ in English can be constructed as adjunct-predicate constructions as well as causatives, resultatives and argument small clauses. For adjunct-predicate constructions referred to as depictives the adjunct-predicate can be subject-hosted, as in Jones fried the potatoes naked, or object-hosted, as in Jones fried the potatoes raw (rapoport 1993ab & 1999). This paper aims at first providing the corresponding constructions to express depictive Taiwanese Southern Min (TSM for short). Depictive in TSM are deployed more transparently as shown in its different sentential patterns: subject hosted adjunct-predicates occur in Nsub-ADJ-V-Nobj, as in A Ong-a thiam-thiam tih chu mi 阿旺仔悿悿煮麵 ‘Mike cooked the noodle tired’, or Nsub-vadjunct-V-nobj, as in A Ong-a chiu chui tih hang be-ling chu阿旺仔酒醉烘馬鈴薯 ‘Mike baked sweet potatoes drunk’. Object-hosted adjunct-predicates occur in Nsub-Adj-V-Nobj, as in A-Bing tia tia chiah chhi o a 阿明仔定定生吃耗子 ‘Tom often eat the oyster raw’ or the sui generic construction Nsub-CONJ(than 趁)-Nobj-ADJ-V, as in A Ong-a than thng sio sio lim loh-khi 阿旺仔趁湯燒燒飲落去 ‘Mike drank the soup hot’. We can see that the adjunct in depictive occurs after the main verb in English, whereas it is realized preverbally, be it subject-hosted or object-oriented, in TSM. The adjunct in a resultative rather a depictive as shown above appears after the object both in English and TSM. Thus, resultatives in TSM also observes the post-verbal constraint in that subject-hosted adjectives emerge as Nsub-V-Nobj-ADJ, as in A Lan-a lim chiu chui a 阿蘭仔飲酒醉矣 ‘Lisa became drunk by drinking’, and object-hosted adjectives can be manifested as Nsub-Nobj-V-ADJ, as in I thoo-kha- sau chhing –khi a 伊塗髉掃清氣矣 ‘He swept the floor clean’. In sum, despite a difference in internal semantic relation there is no difference in syntactic structure between depictive and resultative in English. By contrast, TSM shows a parallelism between temporal order and word order, viz., the adjunct has to appear before the main verb in depictive and it occurs after the main verb in resultatives. The different semantic structure between the different sentence patterns is in a sense coded in surface word order.