Although there is not special law to public company enacted in Taiwan, the special regulations to public company subsist partly and separately in Company Law, Security Trading Law and Enterprise Merger and Acquisition Law. Under the current legal system of public company, there are many special regulations enacted for different legal policy in Security Trading Law and Enterprise Merger and Acquisition Law to limit the function of Company Law. Moreover, Company Law and Security Trading Law are on the basis of different fundamental theories, and result in the complicated application 01' law and conflict of legislative policy. Therefore, how to arrange systematically and analyze Company Law, Security Trading Law and Enterprise Merger and Acquisition Law in law application to build up perfect legal system of public company to avoid conflict of law application and legislative policy is the key topic currently. In view of the development of Taiwan's Company Law affected by Japanese Business Law deeply, the article engages in researching comparative study especially to rely on the experience of the development of public company in Japan. First, the article formulates the definition of the public company to limit specific connotation. Second, it analyzes the legislative bases to public company between the legal systems of Taiwan and Japan. Third, it compares with the similarities and differences between the legal systems of Taiwan and Japan in accordance with the most related topic of corporate governance. Finally, based on above materials, this article suggests that it might be a better solution to expand the functions of Security Trading Law, and unite the special regulations in Company Law and the others into Security Trading Law. It still has the traditional functions of regulating primary market, secondary market and information disclosure, but also might include the content of “Public Company Law".