一、中文文獻
（一）書籍
1.Steven Drobny著/洪慧芳譯，避險基金交易秘辛－13位頂尖避險基金經理人談全球宏觀策略，財信出版，2008年7月2版
2.大衛．傳利曼著，葉家興審訂，徐源豐譯，經濟學與法律的對話，先覺，2002年4月初版
3.王文宇，金融法，元照，2001年5月初版
4.林立，波斯納與法律經濟分析－一個批判性的探究，學林，2004年初版
5.林誠二，民法債編各論（上），瑞興圖書股份有限公司，2007年3月修訂二版；民法債編各論（下），瑞興圖書股份有限公司，2002年3月初版2009年9月再刷
6.張清溪、許嘉棟、劉鶯釧、吳聰敏，經濟學-理論與實際，上冊、下冊，自版，1991年2版
7.馮玉軍，法律與經濟推理尋求中國問題的解決，經濟科學出版社，2008年初版
8.黃嘉斌譯，透視避險基金，寰宇出版股份有限公司，2005年5月初版
9.劉連煜，公司法理論與判決研究(一)，三民，1997年初版
10.蔣兆康譯，﹝美﹞理查德‧Ａ‧波斯納，法律的經濟分析（上）（下），中國大百枓全書出版社，1997年6月第1版
11.賴英照，股市遊戲規則－最近證券交易法解析，元照，2009年10月再版
12.謝哲勝，財產法專題研究（二），元照，1999年11月初版
13.謝劍平，現代投資學，智勝，2007年4月第4版
14.温麗琪編譯，Robert Cooter & Thomas Ulen原著，法律經濟學，華泰，2003年初版

（二）學術論文
1.江俊彥，從資訊不對稱觀點論公司併購消息之規範－附論公司法上合併資訊之公開，台北大學法律學系碩士論文，2002年
2.劉公偉，公司法有限責任之經濟分析，台灣大學法律學研究所碩士論文，2000年

（三）研究報告
1.吳琮璠，期貨商採BaselI計提風險資本與ANC有效性之比較，臺灣期貨交易所委託研究計畫，第7頁，2009年8月
2.武永生，期貨市場內線交易規範之研究－以股票期貨交易為中心之檢討，台灣期貨交易所委託研究，第47-49頁，2009年11月
3.財團法人台灣金融研訓院，委託單位：財團法人台北外匯市場發展基金會，「避險基金之操作策略、報酬與風險」，2008年6月
4.財團法人中華民國證券暨期貨市場發展基金會，2008年全球金融危機對美國監理制度之影響，2010年12月
5.馮震宇教授，歐盟金融工具市場指令（MiFID）對衍生性金融商品影響之研究，2008年07月

（四）期刊
1.干學平交易成本與經濟法學，律師通訊，第148期，第49-53頁，1992年1月
2.王文宇財產法的經濟分析與寇斯定理－從一則古老的土地相鄰判決談起，月旦法學，第15期，第6-15頁，1996年8月
3.李福隆投資信託事業利益衝突交易的法律經濟分析，證交資料，第554期，第50-67頁，2008年
4.沈榮欽法律與經濟學的方法論爭議，月旦法學雜誌，第15期，第39-43頁，1996年8月
5.易明秋公司法之經濟分析引論，軍法專刊，第42卷第7期，第22-33頁，1996年7月
6.易明秋私募基金管理初探—從美國法觀察臺灣制度之發展，東吳法律學報，第20卷第1期，第237-281頁，2008年7月
7.林仁光金融海嘨下金融監理之反思，月旦法學雜誌，第168期，第93-105頁，2009年
8.林泔薇、吳心怡、陳建妤、吳博聰透視對沖基金-全球主要國家與我國證券市場之比較(上)，證交資料，第553期，第6-61頁，2008年
9.林輝雄法律經濟分析與效率與正義問題－以寇斯定理與羅斯正義論為中心，全國律師，第8卷第2期，第48-58頁，2004年12月
10.胡則華期貨信託基金管理辦法概述，證券暨期貨月刊，第25卷第10期，第5-14頁，2007年
11.張心悌從法律經濟分析觀點論WTO爭論解決機制，國立中正大學法學集刊，第15期，第181-230頁，2004年。
12.張心悌智慧財產權保護之法律經濟分析，律師雜誌，第211期，第31-35頁，1997年。
13.張世潔國際衍生性金融商品監理之規範架構及法律經濟分析，法令月刊，第56卷第5期，第57-65頁，2005年5月。
14.許惠峰跨越法學與經濟學的鴻溝－兼論法律經濟分析之侷限性，華岡法粹，第42期，第53-124頁，2008年。
15.郭土木境內外私募基金管理規範之探討－以避險基金及股權基金為中心，全國律師，第13卷第4期，第4-23頁，2009年4月。
16.陳肇鴻證券投資信託及顧問法下「避險基金」之法律定位問題，萬國法律，第139期，第34-39頁，2005年。
17.陳靜芳於全球治理浪潮下談IOSCO 及檢視我國證券暨期貨相關規範是否符合IOSCO 三十項原則專案，證券暨期貨管理雜誌，第26卷第4期，第23-29頁，2008年4月。
18.陳錦隆美國法上董事經營判斷法則之概說，會計研究月刊，第194期，第69-75頁，2002年1月
19.黃淑君穩定壓力測試實務與監理準則（諮詢報告），中央銀行國際金融參考資料，第58輯，第206-222頁，2009年12月
20.廖俊男金融體系壓力測試之認識與應用，中央銀行季刊，第27卷第3期，第45-78頁，2005年
21.熊秉元經濟學和法律分析，月旦法學雜誌，第21期，第96-104頁，1997年2月
22.劉公偉股東有限責任之經濟分析，政大法學評論，第64期，第121-151頁，2000年
23.劉紹樑從寇斯看經濟分析法學，經濟前瞻，第25號，第143-145頁，1992年1月
24.歐宏杰避險基金「風險」之評析，集保月刊，第139期，第25-42頁，2005年
25.鄭中人著作權法的經濟分析，月旦法學雜誌，第15期，第24-30頁，1996年8月
26.謝哲勝法律經濟學基礎理論之研究，國立中正大學法學集刊，第4期，第37-59頁，2001年4月
27.簡資修寇斯的《廠商、市場與法律：一個法律人的觀點》，臺大法學
論叢，第26卷第2 期，第229-246頁，1997年
28.羅怡德美國公司法中董事所負之『忠實義務』之研究，輔仁法學，第9期，第213-242頁，1990年6月
29.蘇秀玲IOSCO「對沖基金諮詢報告」簡介與我國監管對沖基金之建議，證券暨期貨月刊，第24卷第10期，第30-39頁，2006年


二、英文文獻
（一 ）書籍
1.ATHANASSIOU, PHOEBUS, HEDGE FUND REGULATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION-CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURES PROSPECTS, Wolters Kluwer, 2009
2.BAUMS, THEODOR AND CAHN, ANDREAS, HEDGE FUNDS RISKS AND REGULATION, De Gruyter Recht, Berlin, 2004
3.CCH ATTORNEY-EDITOR STAFF, DODD-FRANK WALL STEET REFORM AND CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT－LAW, EXPLANATION AND ANALYSIS, Woltera Kluwer Law & Business, 2010
4.CCH ATTORNEY-EDITOR STAFF, SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES REFORM IN 2010-A GUIDE TO THE LEGISLATION, Woltera Kluwer Law & Business, 2010
5.CORNISH, MARTIN & MASON, IAN, INTERNATIONAL GUIDE TO HEDGE FUND REGULATION, Bloomsbury Professional, 2009
6.COX, JAMES D, HILLMAN, ROBERT W, LANGEVOORT, DONALD C, SECURITIES REGULATION CASES AND MATERIALS, Aspen Publishers, Fifth Edition, 2006
7.LEDERMAN, SCOTT J., HEDGE FUND REGULATION, Practising Law Institute,March, 2008
8.PALMITER, ALAN R , SECURITIES REGULATION, Wolters Kluwer, Fourth Edition, 2008
9.PELAEZ, CARLOS M.AND PELAES, CARLOS A., FINANCIAL REGULATION AFTER THE GLOBAL RECESSION, Palgrave Macmillan, 2009
10.ZANDI, MARK, FINANCIAL SHOCK-A 360°LOOK AT THE SUBPRIME MORTGAGE IMPLOSION, AND HOW TO AVOID THE NEXT FINANCIAL CRISIS, Financial Times Press, 2008

（二）期刊
1.Bevilacqua, Jonathan , Convergence and Divergence: Blurring the Lines Between Hedge Funds And Private Equity Funds, 54 Buffalo L. Rev. 251, 2006-2007
2.Chambers, John , Hedge Fund Adviser Regulation, 30 Rev. Banking & Fin.L.23, Fall 2010
3.Coase, Ronald H, The problem of social cost, 3 J.L & Econ.1, 1960, http://www.econ.ucsb.edu/~tedb/Courses/UCSBpf/readings/coase.pdf
4.Cunningham Lawrence A. & Zaring David, The Three or Four Approaches to Financial Regulation：A Cautionary Analysis Against Exuberance in Crisis Response, 78. Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 39 , 2009, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1399204
5.Desmet Thierry Olivier, Understanding Hedge Fund Adviser Regulation, 4 Hastings Bus. L.J. 1, Winter, 2008
6.Donahue, Sean M., Hedge Fund Regulation: The Amended Investment Advisor Act Does not Protecy Investors from the Problems Created by Hedge Fund, 55 Clev. St. L. Rev.235, 2007
7.Falkner, Robert and Gerty, Jon , Don't Regulate Hedge Funds, 28(2) I. F. L. R.52 , 2009
8.Finger, Wallis K., Unsophisticated Wealth: Reconsidering the SEC’s “Accredited Investor” Definition under the 1933 Act, 86 Wash. U. L. Rev.733, 2009
9.Hall, Dustin G., The Elephant in The Room: Dangers of Hedge Funds in Our Financial Markets, 60 Fla. L. Rev. 183, January, 2008.
10.Harris, Joanne, Hedge funds face increased reporting burden under IOSCO measure, Hedge Fund Review, 25 Feb 2010, http://www.hedgefundsreview.com/hedge-funds-review/news/1593661/hedge-funds-increased-reporting-burden-iosco-measure
11.Hellrungdoc, Joseph, Hedge Fund Regulation: Investors are Knocking at the Door, but can the SEC Clean House Before Everyone Rushes In？, North Carolina Banking Institute, Banking Regulation, Vol.9, 2005, http://www.law.unc.edu/documents/journals/articles/213.pdf
12.Hess, Joshua , How Arbitrary Really Was The S.E.C.’S “Hedge Fund Rule”？The Future of Hedge Fund Regulation in Light of Goldstein, Amaranth, and Beyond,110 W. Va.L.Rev.913, Winter 2008
13.Hurst, Thomas R., Hedge Funds in the 21st Century: Do the Benefits Outweigh Potential Dangers to the Financial Markets, 28(8) Comp. Law 228, 2007
14.Johnson, Kristin, Things Fall Apart: Regulating The Credit Default Swaps Commons, 82 U. Colo. L. Rev. 101, 2011, Seton Hall Public Law Research Paper No. 2010-23, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1572467
15.Jonna, Paul M., In Search of Market Discipline: The Case for Indirect Hedge Fund Regulation, 45 San Diego L. Rev. 989, Fall 2008, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1333927

16.Kaal, Wulf A., Hedge Fund Regulation Via Basel III, 44 Vand. J. Transnat’l L.389, 2011, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1806252
17.Kahan, Marcel, Rock , Edward B., Hedge Funds in Corporate Governance and Corporate Control, 155 U. Pa. L. Rev. 1021, 2007
18.Kamman, Ted and Hood, Rory T., With the Spotlight on the Financial Crisis, Regulatory Loopholes, and Hedge Funds, How Should Hedge Funds Comply With the Insider Trading Laws? , 2009 Colum. Bus. L. Rev. 357, 2009.
19.Krug, Anita K, Moving Beyond the Clamor “Hedge Fund Regulation”: A Reconsideration of “Client” under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940, 55 Vill. L. Rev.661, 2010
20.Lange, Kathleen E., The New Antifraud Rule：Is SEC Enforcement the Most Effective Way to Protect Investors From Hedge Fund Fraud？, 77 Fordham L. Rev. 851, November 2008
21.Lewis, Matthew, A Transatlantic Dilemma, A Comparative Review of American and British Hedge Fund Regulation, 22 Emory Int’l L. Rew.347, 2008
22.Macchiarola, Michael C., Get Shorty: Toward Resurrecting the SEC's Ill-Fated Pursuit of PIPE Arbitrageurs, 4 Va. L. & Bus. Rev. 1, 2009, http://www.virginialawbusrev.org/VLBR4-1pdfs/Macchiarola.pdf
23.Mannt, Simeon G., Too Far over the Hedge: Why the Sec's Attempt to Further Regulate Hedge Funds Had to Fail & What, If any, Alternative Solutions Should be Considered, 82 St. John's L. Rev. 315, 2007, http://www.stjohns.edu/media/3/6bea5ddf59fe4ea8ba5c0b78c1f42e28.pdf
24.Martin, Cary, Is Systemic Risk Prevention the New Paradigm? A Proposal to Expand Investor Protection Principles to the Hedge Fund Industry, 86 St. John's L. Rev. 1, 2012 , http://ssrn.com/abstract=1901666
25.Mota, Sue Ann, Hedge Funds: Their Advisers Do not Have to Register with the SEC, But More Information and other Alternatives are Recommended, 67 La. L. Rev. 55 , 2006-2007
26.Nelson, Carl J., Hedge Fund Regulation: A Proposal to Maintain Hedge Fund’s Effectiveness without SEC Regulation, 2 Brook. J. Corp. Fin.& Com.L.221, Fall 2007
27.Newell, Mike, The problematic draft directive on alternative investment fund managers, Investment Week, 10 August 2009, http://www.investmentweek.co.uk/investment-week/analysis/1565930/the-problematic-draft-directive-alternative-investment-fund-managers
28.Oesterle, Dale A., Regulating Hedge Funds, 1 Entrepren. Bus. L.J. 1, Ohio State Public Law Working Paper No. 71, June 2006, http://ssrn.com/abstract=913045
29.Overmyer Michael I. , The 'Foreign Private Adviser' Exemption: a Potential Gap in the New Systemic Risk Regulatory Architecture, 110 Colum. L. Rev. 2185, 2010, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1720668
30.Pearson Thomas C. and Pearson Julia Lin , Protecting Global Financial Market Stability and Integrity: Strengthening SEC Regulation of Hedge Funds, 33 N.C.J. Int’l L.& Com. Reg.1, Fall 2007
31.Pearson, Thomas C. , When Hedge Funds Betray a Creditor Committee's Fiduciary Role: New Twists on Insider Trading in the International Financial Marks, 28 Rev. Banking & Fin. L. 165, 2009, http://128.197.26.34/law/central/jd/organizations/journals/banking/archives/documents/volume28/pearson1.pdf
32.Pettifer Nicholas , Should Volcker be softened？, 29 Int’l Finance L. Rev. 6, 2010
33.Pierre-Louis, Lydie Nadia Cabrera , Hedge Fund Fraud and the Public Good, 15 Fordham J. Corp. & Fin. L. 21, December 21, 2009, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1531364
34.Rashkover, Barry W. and Kleiman, Laurin Blumenthal, SEC Enforcement and Examinations Concerning Hedge Fund, 52 N.Y. L. Sch. L. Rev. 599 (2007-2008), http://www.nyls.edu/user_files/1/3/4/17/49/LR524-7.pdf

35.Rivière, Anne C., The Future of Hedge Fund Regulation: A Comparative Approach (United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy), 10 Rich. J. Global L. & Bus. 263, April 23,2010, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1663553
36.Roach, William A. , Hedge Fund Regulation”What Side of Hedges Are You on？”, 40 U. Mem.L.Rev.165, Fall 2009
37.Roche, Alexander R., The Regulator Strikes Back: A Look at the SEC's Most Recent Attempt to Regulate Hedge Funds and What It Missed, 33 Dayton L. Rev. 145, Fall 2007
38.Sami, George, A Comparative Analysis of Hedge Fund Regulation in the United States and Europe, 29 NW. J. Int’l L. & Bus. 275, Winter 2009
39.Schwartz, Robert F.and Katz, Etay, US Hedge Fund Oversight in the Aftermath of Modoff: Finding the Right Balance, 3(2) Law & Fin. Markets Rev. 139, March 2009
40.Shadab, Houman B. , The Law and Economics of Hedge Funds: Financial Innovation and Investor Protection, 6 Berkeley Bus. L.J. 240, 2009, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1066808
41.Sneeringer, Jeffrey M., The Lesson of Goldstein v. SEC：If at First You do not Succeed, Regulate Again？, 36 Cap. U.L. Rev.1173, Summer 2008
42.Strohmenger, Richard, Insider Trading and Hedge Funds：A Dangerous Pair, 15 Fordham J. Corp. & Fin.L.523, 2010
43.Thomsen, Linda Chatman, Hawke Daniel M.& Calande Pauline E., Hedge Funds: An Enforcement Perspective, 39 Rutgers L. J. 541, 2008, http://lawjournal.rutgers.edu/sites/lawjournal.rutgers.edu/files/issues/v39/3/02ThomsenVol.39.2.r_2.pdf
44.Tierney, Alfred C., The SEC’s Rule 206(4)-8：Two Steps Back and One Step Forward, 44 Cal. W.L. Rev.589, Spring 2008
45.Walsh, John H., Institution-Based Financial Regulation: A Third Paradigm, 49 Harv. Int'l L. J. 2, Summer 2008
46.Zanoni, Andrea, Hedge Fund’ Empty Voting in Mergers and Acquisition: A Fiduciary Duty Perspective, 9 Global Jurist 4 , 2009, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1285589

（三）報告或論文
1.Blundell-Wignall, Adrian, An Overview of Hedge Funds and Structured Products: Issues in Leverage and Risk, OECD, 2007, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/36/62/40972327.pdf

2.Aglietta, Michel (Paris X Economix Et Cepii) & Rigot, Sandra (Paris X Economix) ,The Regulation of Hedge Funds under the Prism of the Financial Crisis Policy Implications, http:/`/Economix.U-Paris10.Fr/Pdf/Dt/2008/WP_Ecox_2008-20.Pdf
3.Alexander Juraj, A New Model of Hedge Fund Regulation: Shorting Federalism or Bernie’s Nightmare, Fordham University-School of Law, May 28, 2009, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1411310

4.Ang, Andrew, Gorovyy Sergiy and Inwegen , Greg Van Hedge Fund Leverage , 29 Novermb,2010, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1635284

5.Aragon, George O. & Strahan, Philip E., Hedge Funds as Liquidity Providers: Evidence from the Lehman Bankruptcy, August 2009, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1462315
6.Aragon, George O.& Qian, Jun, High-Water Marks and Hedge Fund Compensation, December 2009, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1540205
7.Armour, John and Cheffins, Brian R., The Rise and Fall (?) of Shareholder Activism by Hedge Funds, ECGI - Law Working Paper No. 136/2009, University of Oxford - Faculty of Law and University of Cambridge - Faculty of Law, September 2009, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1489336
8.Awrey, Dan, Macro-Prudential Financial Regulation: Panacea or Placebo?, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1410014
9.Awrey, Dan, Regulating Financial Innovation: A More Principles-Based Alternative?, Oxford Legal Studies Research Paper No. 79/2010, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1702457
10.Awrey, Dan, The Limits of EU Hedge Fund Regulation , Oxford Legal Studies Research Paper No. 8/2011, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1757719
11.Binney Miles Francis, Hedge Fund Regulation - in Response to the Financial Crisis, September 1, 2009, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1669123
12.Black, Julia, Making a Success of Principles-Based Regulation, 1(3) Law & Fin. Markets Rev. 191, May 2007, http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/law/projects/lfm/lfmr_13_blacketal_191to206.pdf
13.Black, Julia, Restructuring Global and EU Financial Regulation, Coordination and Learning, LSE Law, Society and Economy Working Paper 18/2010, http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/law/wps/WPS2010-18_Black.pdf
14.Bollen, Rhys, Setting International Regulatory Standards for Hedge Funds – Part 1, 2010, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1756693; Setting International Regulatory Standards for Hedge Funds – Part 2, 2010, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1756695
15.Borio, Claudio, Towards A Macroprudential Framework for Financial Supervision and Regulation？, BIS Working Papers No 128, February 2003
16.Brice, Lisa C., 2010 Financial Reform as It Relates To Hedge Funds, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1679191
17.Brice, Lisa C., Esq., Dodd-Frank Act As It Relates to Hedge Funds and Derivatives, September 10, 2010, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1679187
18.Brown, Gregory W., Green, J Eremiah, Hand, John R.M., Are Hedge Funds Systemically Important？, September 2010, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1689079

19.Brown, Stephen J.and Schwarz, Christopher, The Impact of Mandatory Hedge Fund Portfolio Disclosure, NYU Stern School of Business and University of California At Irvine , January 20, 2011, http://ssrn.com/abstract= 1683628

20.Bunting, William, The Trouble with Investment Banking：Cluelessness, Not Greed, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1660624
21.Carlson, Mark And Steinman, Jason, Market Conditions and Hedge Fund Survival, Finance and Economic Discussion Series, Divisions of Research & Statistics and Monetary Affairs Federal Reserve Board , Washington, D.C., 2008
22.Chaher, Santiago J., Hedge Funds and Retail Business: Comparing German, Italian, Swedish and English Law, London School of Economics & Political Science (LSE), March 2006, http://ssrn.com/abstract=967662
23.Chapman, Bruce, Economic Analysis of Law and the Value of Efficiency, forthcoming in Arisides N. Hatzis ed. Economic Anlysis of Law：A European Perspective,（Cheltenham, U.K.: Elgar 2003）, http://www.unisi.it/lawandeconomics/stile2004/chapman.pdf
24.Charles River Associates, Impact of the proposed AFIM Directive across Europe, October 2009, http://www.crai.com/uploadedFiles/Publications/Impact_of_AIFM_Directive.pdf?n=7353
25.Cheng, Clark, Securities ＆ Hedge Funds:Creating a More Efficient Market, Intangis Funds, CFA, August 6, 2002
26.Chincarini, Ludwig B., Hedge Funds The Misunderstood Investment Vehicle Comments Welcome, March 16 2011, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1788473
27.Chincarini, Ludwig B., The Amaranth Debacle: Failure of Risk Measures or Failure of Risk Management?, April 5, 2007 , http://ssrn.com/abstract=952607
28.Chincarini, Ludwig B., The Failure of Long-Term Capital Management, October 8,1998, http://ssrn.com/abstract=952512
29.Coase, Ronald H., The problem of social cost, 1960, http://www.sfu.ca/~allen/CoaseJLE1960.pdf
30.Dai, Na, The Rise of the PIPE Market, COMPANION TO PRIVATE EQUITY, Douglas J. Cumming, ed., Wiley, 2009, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1350950

31.Dallas Lynne, Short-Termism, the Financial Crisis and Corporate Governance, San Diego Legal Studies Paper No. 11-052, March 2011, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1794190
32.Darolles, Serge and Vaissié, Mathieu, Do Funds of Hedge Funds Really Add Value? A 'Post' Crisis Analysis, September, 2010, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1670571
33.Das, Sanjiv Ranjan & Sundaram, Rangarajan K., On the Regulation of Fee Structures in Mutual Funds, New York University, Center for Law and Business, Working Paper No. 98-002, March 1998, http://ssrn.com/abstract=123176
34.Dimmock, Stephen G. and Gerken, William Christopher, Finding Bernie Madoff: Detecting Fraud by Investment Managers, January 16, 2011 , http://ssrn.com/abstract=1471631
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