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題名:溫泉景觀的文化商品--體驗付費的休閒空間營造
書刊名:造園學報
作者:侯錦雄 引用關係
作者(外文):Hou, Jing-shoung
出版日期:2005
卷期:11:2
頁次:頁1-15
主題關鍵詞:付費體驗活動溫泉景觀文化商品空間營造Paid-for experiencesHot spring landscapeCultural commodities of SPA
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本文藉由社會觀察方式,檢視文化現象變遷歷程中人類受消費與商業影響情形;針對臺灣地區溫泉開發所呈現的狀況,探討文化商品化對溫泉開發在景觀設計上的影響及未來趨勢之論述;發現臺灣在後現代化過程中,正處於工業性生產(industrial product)轉向文化性生產(cultural product)的長期轉型,以玩樂為主題的商品漸為消費的主要特徵,因此與文化資源行銷相關的商品應運而生,例如洗澡與泡湯商品已從有形的物質轉變為無形的「體驗」,是一種付費體驗商品化的主要發展趨勢,溫泉觀光因此成為一種新興的文化性產業,亦即經濟學家所謂『體驗性產業』(experience industries)。換言之,業者販賣的商品不再單純地只有溫泉水本身,而是溫泉場域的整體體驗。溫泉商品體驗付費商品化過程中,必須涉及身體(體驗的主體)、溫泉空間(體驗的客體)二者的機能與形式及服務三個面向的商品化。溫泉體驗消費者會在其消費過程中,透過空間機能及文化服務,藉由愉悅、學習、美學及超越想像的體驗歷程,使身體感受到歡愉(pleasure)(肉體愉悅、性想像等),達到自己慾求(demand)的目的(身份炫耀、同輩認同、自我肯定)。溫泉空間的營造趨勢主要為該溫泉體驗場域在機能上多元化,衛生健康化,形式個性化、單純化與綜合化,如同購物中心商品的多重組合特性,以一種學習、教化、娛樂的異境想像與主體呈現。臺灣近年來快速成長的溫泉渡假中心、溫泉旅館或溫泉湯餐廳,其溫泉場域的氣氛與布置,給予消費者安全、衛生、健康之要求,輔以流行美感風潮與異國情境想像及氛圍以及舒適體貼且周延的服務感受,讓泡澡的大眾文化由嚴肅的私密性,釋放成為一種自我體驗美學學習以及愉悅歡樂的肉體體驗。根據臺灣地區的研究結果,發現當溫泉跳脫商品與服務銷售的範疇,進而轉換至商務關係、文化性產品以及生活體驗使用權的提供,該溫泉景觀營造方式勢必將溫泉文化塑造成為新的體驗式休閒消費文化。
This study is based on observations of social changes and transformations of how human activities are influenced by commercial and consumption behaviors. The aim is to explore how this change of behavior and culture production affect future trend in landscape design. Taiwan is in the process of post-modernism transformation, from industrial production to culture production. In this new era, the characteristics of products include commodities of hedonism subjects and culture resources marketing. In the process of post-modernization, the main trend was commoditization of pair-for experiences, commodities changed from physical substance to intangible experiences. Consumers are more willing to paid-for experiences and disturse for intrangible experiences such the atmosphere or cultural service, therefore new and developing industry included bath and SPA. Hot spring will become a new cultural industry, which can be categorized as experience industries. Commodities not only include “hot water” and “hot spring”, but it also involved the whole hot spring experiences of setting, and atmosphere in landscape. SPA commodities of paid-for experiences included commodification of body (internal part of experience) and commodification of space (external part of experience). The inherent nature of commodification of this experience not just modifies the functional sector but also includes format and service. Consumer SPA experience always attain their demand and purpose (to show off, identification, self-confidence), though space experience and body perception they could really feel pleasure (physical pleasure, sexual imagination). Two main subjects constitute a hot spring SPA space: 1. shopping center culture of hot spring place experience; 2. space subjects changed from education to leisure. In atmosphere and decoration of SPA resort center, the place may offer exotic experience and comforting atmosphere, and make best constitute of shops and most appropriate shopping environment; popularization of SPA changed from solemn body privacy to a joyful body experience of self-figure esthetics learning, its recreation or pleasure value were reinterpret again. Hot spring SPA commercial affairs in process of products and service marketing, transforming
期刊論文
1.侯錦雄(19990600)。形式的魅影--金門觀光的戰地異境想像與體驗。觀光研究學報,5(1),39-52。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.李素馨、侯錦雄(20040300)。臺灣休閒農業之體驗付費與觀光商品化現象。觀光研究學報,10(1),133-145。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.吳曉琪(20020300)。Spa熱潮與個人化:新世紀的休閒經驗與身體政治。戶外遊憩研究,15(1),43-61。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.侯錦雄(20000600)。近代臺灣都市公園之休閒環境與社會變遷。臺灣文獻,51(2),209-224。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.Moore, Roger L.、Graefe, Alan R.(1994)。Attachments to recreation settings: the case of rail-trail users。Leisure Sciences,16(1),17-31。  new window
6.Williams, Daniel R.、Patterson, Michael E.、Roggenbuck, Joseph W.、Watson, Alan E.(1992)。Beyond the commodity metaphor: examining Emotional and symbolic attachment to place。Leisure Sciences,14(1),29-46。  new window
會議論文
1.李英弘(1999)。文化景觀意象認知之探討--以大溪鎮為例。1999休閒、遊憩、觀光研究成果研討會--遊憩體驗與景觀評估。台北:田園城市。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.姜柏丞(2002)。生活型態與都會型Spa接受程度關聯性之研究(碩士論文)。逢甲大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.孫仁和(1999)。溫泉遊憩區遊客特性之研究--以北投、陽明山、馬槽溫泉遊憩區為例(碩士論文)。銘傳大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.陳彥銘(2002)。台北都會溫泉遊憩區遊客區位選擇模式之建立(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.林祐聖、葉欣怡、Slater, D.(2003)。消費文化與現代性。台北:弘智文化。  延伸查詢new window
2.徐子超、Brooks, D.(2001)。Bo Bo族新社會菁英的崛起。台北:遠流。  延伸查詢new window
3.章蓓蕾、山田登世子(2001)。水的記憶之旅。台北:生智。  延伸查詢new window
4.黃彥憲、Rifkin, J.(2001)。付費體驗的時代。台北:遠流。  延伸查詢new window
5.Pine, H. B.、Gilmore, H.(1998)。The Experience Economy。Howard University。  new window
6.Harris, C. W.、Dines, N. T.(1994)。Time-Saver Standards for Landscape Architecture。  new window
7.Norberg-Schulz, Christian、施植明(1995)。場所精神--邁向建築現象學。臺北:田園城市文化事業公司。  延伸查詢new window
8.Inskeep, E.(1991)。Tourism Planning: An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach。Van Nostrand Reinhold。  new window
9.Bachelard, Gaston、龔卓軍、王靜慧(2003)。空間詩學。張老師文化事業股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Adorno, T. W.(1991)。Tne culture industry: Selected essays on mass culture。Culture Industry Reconsidered。London:Routledge。  new window
2.Fung, S.(1999)。Mutuality and Cultures of Landscape Architecture。Recovering Landscape- Essay in Comtemporary Landscape Architecture。N.Y:Princeton Architectural Press。  new window
3.Martin, P. J.(2004)。Culture, Subculture and Social Organization。After Subculture-Critical Studies in Contemporary Youth Culture。Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
 
 
 
 
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