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題名：博物館觀眾學習成果與影響研究的發展與啟示
書刊名：博物館學季刊
作者：王啟祥
作者(外文)：Wang, Chi-hsiang
出版日期：2008
卷期：22:4
頁次：頁91-107
主題關鍵詞：學習成果；博物館學習；觀眾研究；Learning outcome；Learning in museums；Visitor study
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(15) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:15
  • 共同引用共同引用:34
  • 點閱點閱:90
教育是當代博物館對於社會宣稱與極力扮演的主要角色與功能，因此，博物館之教育價值與功能的實踐程度如何，需要受到社會的檢驗，不應被忽視或視為理所當然的存在。博物館推出多少展示與教育活動、參與人數的多寡，其實並無法直接證明博物館的功能，觀眾的學習成果與影響才是博物館向社會展現其價值與功能的直接證據之一，在社會不斷要求博物館效能的時代，已逐漸成為博物館無可迴避的課題。過去，大部分關於博物館觀眾學習的研究並未直接探討觀眾的學習成果，而是間接的從觀眾參觀時與學習有關的行為，如操作、問答、討論、閱讀等，推論學習的發生。不過，近10年來，美國、英國、澳洲等國政府與企業對於博物館績效證明的要求越來越大，因此，博物館已逐漸正視觀眾學習成果與影響的研究。但國內方面，仍缺乏相關的討論與實證研究。為此，本文整理美國、英國、澳洲等國博物館觀眾學習成果研究的最新發展情況；評析國外博物館近年來關於觀眾學習成果研究的重要觀念與趨勢；並引介英國博物館界所發展的總體學習成果模式，提供國內博物館界參考，期能增進後續相關的研究與討論。
Museums claim to be informal learning settings. However, under an evidence-based policy, the role of museums and their place within society can no longer go unexamined. Museums are required to demonstrate accountability and social value, which has led to a demand for measuring the impact and outcome of museum-based learning. There is a vast amount of literature concerning who visits museums and why, as well as how people learn in museums. However, few studies have investigated the outcomes and long-term impact of museum-based learning. How the impact of museums is measured will become a major topic in the coming decade. This article discusses the development of, problems with, current situation of and trends in research on learning outcomes and impact among museums in Western countries. In addition, the Generic Learning Outcomes (GLOs) framework developed by The Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA) in Britain is introduced. It is hoped that the contents of this article will serve as a useful reference for museums in Taiwan and encourage further research and discussion on related topics.
期刊論文
1.Johnson, C.(200511)。Science centers as learning environments: Defining our impact。Dimensions，3-5。  new window
2.Weil, S. E.(2003)。Beyond big and awesome: Outcome-based evaluation。Museum News，82(6)，40-53。  new window
3.Scott, C.(2006)。Museums: Impact and Value。Cultural Trends，15(1)，45-75。  new window
4.Falk, J. H.、Koran, J. J. Jr.、Dierking, L. D.(1986)。The things of science: Assessing the learning potential of science museums。Science Education，70(5)，503-508。  new window
5.王啟祥(20040400)。國內博物館觀眾研究知多少。博物館學季刊，18(2)，95-104。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.Anderson, D.(2003)。Visitor's long-term memories of world expositions。Curator，46(4)，401-420。  new window
7.Hooper-Greenhill, E.(2004)。Measuring learning outcomes in museums, archives and libraries: The learning impact research project。International Journal of Heritage Studies，10(2)，151-174。  new window
8.Korn, R.(2004)。Self-portrait: First know thyself, then serve your public。Museum News，2004，33-35/50-52。  new window
9.Rennie, L.、Johnson, D.(2007)。Visitors' perceptions of changes in their thinking about science and technology following a visit to science center。Visitor Studies: Theory, Research and Practice，10(2)，168-177。  new window
10.Scott, Carol(2003)。Museum and impact。Curator，46(3)，293-310。  new window
11.Wellington, J.(1990)。Formal and Informal Learning in Science: The Role of the Interactive Science Centres。Physics Eduction，25(5)，247-252。  new window
研究報告
1.(2003)。Measuring the outcomes and impact of learning in museums, archives and libraries: the Learning Impact Research Project end of project paper。Leicester。  new window
圖書
1.Hooper-Greenhill, E.、Moussouri, T.(2002)。Researching Learning in Museums and Galleries 1990-1999: A Bibliographic Review。Leicester：Research Center for Museums and Galleries, Department of Museum Studies, University of Leicester。  new window
2.Falk, John H.、Dierking, Lynn D.(1992)。The museum experience。Washington, DC：Whalesback Books。  new window
3.Falk, John H.、Dierking, Lynn D.(2000)。Learning from Museums: Visitor Experiences and the Making of Meaning。Alta Mira Press。  new window
4.Campell, P. B.、Carson, R.(205)。Explore it! Science Investigations in Out-of-school Programs: Final Evaluation Report。Explore it! Science Investigations in Out-of-school Programs: Final Evaluation Report。Groton, MA。  new window
5.Hein, G.(2006)。A Companion to Museum Studies。Museum Education。Oxford。  new window
6.Moussouri, T.(2002)。A context for the development of learning outcomes in museums, libraries and archives。Research Centre for Museums and Galleries, University of Leicester。  new window
7.Randler, L.、Eisele, H.、Kienzle, W.、Baumgäetner, S.(2007)。Learning at workstations in the zoos: A Controlled evaluation of cognitive and affective outcomes。Visitor Studies: Theory, Research and Practice。Jacksonville。  new window
8.Research Center for Museums and Galleries(2007)。Inspiration, Identity, Learning: The Value of Museums。Leicester：Department of Museum Studies, University of Leicester。  new window
9.(2000)。Perspectives on Outcome Bsed Evaluation for Libraries and Museums。Perspectives on Outcome Bsed Evaluation for Libraries and Museums。Washington, DC。  new window
10.(2006)。Insights: A Museum Learning Resource。Insights: A Museum Learning Resource。Annapolis, MD。  new window
11.Weil, S. E.(2000)。Transformed from a cemetery of bric-a-brac。Perspectives on Outcome Bsed Evaluation for Libraries and Museums。Washington, D.C.：Institute of Museum and Library Services。  new window
其他
1.Brody, M.，Bangert, A.，Dillion, J.(2008)。Assessing learning in informal science contexts。  new window
2.Dierking, L. D.(2008)。Evidence and categories of ISE impacts。  new window
3.European Network of Science Centres and Museums(2008)。The impact of science and discovery centres: A review of worldwide studies。  new window
4.(2008)。Framework for Evaluating Impacts of Informal Science Education Projects。  new window
5.Garnett, R.(2002)。The impact of science centers/museums on their surrounding communities: Summary report。  new window
6.Kelly, Lynne(2000)。Making a difference: What have we learned about visitor learning?。  new window
7.(2004)。Inspiring learning for all。  new window
8.Scott, Carol(2004)。Museums and Impact。  new window
 
 
 
 
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