摘要 過去的創業研究，大多從總體經濟環境的變動或者創業者人格特質等面向，來探 討創業者與創業機會之間的連結。然而，創業行為是創業者與環境系絡互動的動態歷 程，其中又以社會環境中變動的人際關係網絡，以及形成中的在地文化背景，影響創 業行為最為深遠。因此，本研究跳脫以往經濟思維的單一面向，應用Giddens 的結構 理論觀點，深入探討創業者與社群環境的互動關係，接著進一步從鑲嵌效果的角度， 詮釋創業者如何以鑲嵌行為與在地社群產生連結並建立關係，進而發掘或創造了創業 機會；另一方面，因為創業機會的利用，不但使得個體與環境隨著改變，也使得整體 社群進行著凝聚與發展。 本研究以Jack & Anderson(2002)的田野描述作為研究的次級資料，來探討創業者 如何與社群中的既有系絡進行連結，從認識、互動、鑲嵌到彼此的改變。創業者處在社群中，雖然受到原有系絡的限制，卻也從中找到進行創業行為所需要的資源，一方 面透過對在地的投入，從環境中淬取並產生所需的價值，另一方面創業行為也隨著激 盪出新的獨特價值，並融入於人與環境之中，使原有社群形塑新的結構，接下來又提 供了進一步促進群聚創新的動能。

Abstract In the past most of the researches in entrepreneurship focused on the connection between entrepreneur and entrepreneurial opportunities, especially in the realm of change of macro environment, or of the entrepreneur’s personality. From the dynamic process perspective, however, entrepreneurial behaviors were influenced most by the interactive relationship network and local cultural context in the social environment. Therefore, we use Giddens’ theory of structuration to develop the conception in which the opportunities emerged from the interaction between entrepreneurs and local community. Furthermore, embedding in the community enabled entrepreneurs to connect and build relationship with local and then used the specifics of the environment to create or discover opportunities. Thus, entrepreneurial behaviours resulted from mutual constitution of individuals and environment could facilitate the development and coherence of local community. In this study we use field data from Jack & Anderson (2002) to interpret some entrepreneurial stories in a rural community about how the entrepreneurs make nexus to the local from beginning, interacting, embedding, and then changing with residents and the rural structure. Although the entrepreneurs were constrained by the structural rules initially, they could discover or create resources helpful to entrepreneur when they became familiar and tied with residents in their relationship network. By doing such entrepreneurial practices, unique value would be embedded and grown up in the rural community, shaping a new structure of the local.