The development of Taiwan’s biotechnology industry has been going for more than 30 years so far. After several meetings of Bio Taiwan Commission (BTC), the main direction of the development of biotechnology industry has been decided to be pharmacy, medical devices and emerging biotechnology, and the development has already achieved certain results. Since 2010, the biotechnology industry has gradually shown its potential for being the next trillion-dollar industry. Moreover, in order to have an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of the biotechnology industry, it would be important to explore the technological developments based on the patent analysis. Therefore, this article has chosen the patents that have been developed by the biotechnology companies in Taiwan’s science parks and approved by the U.S. patent office as the subject of analysis. Compared to other industries, the number of approved biotechnology patents is low and is still in its developmental stage of growth. In addition, the patents tend to focus on the measurement type such as organic chemistry, biochemistry and other development of pharmaceutical process. According to the patented technology efficacy analysis, the biotechnology companies in science parks tend to focus on the improvement and development of the pharmaceutical process and the improvement of the design of medical equipment, and the types of the products are mostly the generic drugs, health food, and certain testing equipment such as blood glucosemeters and thermometers. The results of the patent analysis and the product sorting out have shown that our biotechnology industry is still at its initial state and needs to improve the technology to enhance the competitiveness in the future. The future development of our biotechnology industry should be focused on the development of new drugs and medium- to large-scale medical testing equipment to improve the overall technological level of the biotechnology industry.