本研究的目的爲：一、探討不同性別之大學生在目標取向、知覺體育課動機氣候上的差異。二、探討大學生的目標取向及知覺體育課動機氣候對課餘運動參與程度的預測力。本研究以中臺科技大學、嶺東科技大學、國立屏東科技大學及國立東華大學選修體育術科課程之學生共595人（男226人，女369人）爲研究對象，平均年齡爲19.26，標準差爲1.32。本研究以運動目標取向量表、知覺動機氣候量表和運動參與程度問卷爲研究工具。並將所蒐集的資料以獨立樣本t考驗和多元逐步迴歸分析來探討。獲得的結果如下：一、不同性別之大學生在目標取向及知覺體育課動機氣候均無差異存在。二、工作取向對大學生課餘運動參與程度可預測達12.96%，而精熟氣候和表現氣候可聯合預測運動參與程度達21.68%。

The purposes of this study were: 1. to compare the differences of goal orientation and perceived PE (physical education) motivational climate between male and female college students, and 2. to explore the effects of college students' goal orientation and PE motivational climate on extracurricular exercise participation degree. There were 595 students (male 226, female 369) drawn from Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Ling Tung University, National Ping Tung University of Science and Technology, and National Dong Hwa University as the subjects (age 19.26±1.32 years). The research instruments were task and ego orientation in sport questionnaire, perceived PE motivational climate inventory, and exercise participation degree questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by t-test (independent) and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The findings were as follows: 1. There were no differences of goal orientation and perceived PE motivational climate between male and female college students. 2. College students' task orientation could predict 12.96% of exercise participation degree, and mastery climate and performance climate could unitedly predict 21.68% of exercise participation degree.