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題名：論海登．懷特《後設歷史》中的諷喻觀念--兼論凱斯．詹京斯的詮釋
書刊名：新史學
作者：陳信治 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chen, Hsin-chih
出版日期：2012
卷期：23:3
頁次：頁151-198
主題關鍵詞：海登．懷特；後設歷史；諷喻；凱斯．詹京斯；Hayden White；Metahistory；Irony；Keith Jenkins
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本文首先針對英國學者凱斯‧詹京斯聲稱美國思想史學者海登‧懷特的《後設歷史》是一部提倡諷喻之作的說法提出批評，指出懷特對待諷喻的負面態度，明顯地與詹京斯不同。其次，本文以《後設歷史》中討論馬克思、布克哈特、克羅齊三位歷史思想家的方式為例，具體說明懷特在《後設歷史》中使用諷喻觀念時，雖然基本上為諷喻賦予負面意義，但也同時存在著界定不夠嚴謹、使用過於廣泛的問題。最後，本文追溯《後設歷史》中為何賦予諷喻負面意義，以及諷喻進行自我超越的理論依據。藉由對照黑格爾、維柯、伯克、弗萊等人對於諷喻此一觀念的討論，本文認為：懷特將諷喻視為四個主要喻格之一，固然是源自於維柯，但是將四個喻格視為構成一個循環或螺旋，則是懷特自己對於維柯的詮釋。至於懷特將這個循環過程末端的諷喻賦予負面意義，更是轉接了黑格爾對於浪漫主義諷喻的批評。
This essay first challenges Keith Jenkins' interpretation that Hayden White's Metahistory is espousing Irony by pointing to the obvious fact that, in Metahistory, White is critical to Irony instead. Next, using relevant discussions of Marx, Burckhardt, and Croce in Metahistory as examples, this essay illustrates not only the negative meaning of Irony as envisioned by White, but also White's overly extensive usage of this term. This essay then tries to explain why the idea of Irony is presented so negatively in Metahistory, as well as the theoretical grounds upon which Irony may somehow transcend itself. Through comparing the discussions of Irony by Hegel, Vico, Kenneth Burke, and Northrop Frye, this essay asserts that, although White’s treatment of Irony as one of four master tropes has inspiration in Vico, White provides his own interpretation by conceiving the four tropes as a circle or spiral. As for viewing Irony–now placed at the end of the circle/spiral–in such negative terms, this could have resulted from White's appropriation of Hegel's criticism of Romantic Irony.
圖書
1.Domanska, Ewa、彭剛(2007)。邂逅：後現代主義之後的歷史哲學。北京大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.Jenkins, K.、賈士蘅(2008)。歷史的再思考。臺北：麥田出版社。  延伸查詢new window
3.White, Hayden V.、陳新、彭剛(2004)。元史學：十九世紀歐洲的歷史想像。譯林出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.Rorty, Richard、徐文瑞(19980401)。偶然、反諷與團結：一個實用主義者的政治想像。台北：麥田。  延伸查詢new window
5.Burke, Kenneth(1969)。A grammar of motives。University of California Press。  new window
6.Jenkins, Keith(1991)。Re-thinking History。Routledge。  new window
7.Frye, Northrop、袁憲軍、吳偉仁、吳持哲、陳慧(2006)。批評的解剖。天津：百花文藝出版社。  延伸查詢new window
8.Frye, Northrop(1957)。Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays。Princeton, New Jersey：Princeton University Press。  new window
9.Rorty, Richard McKay(1989)。Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity。Cambridge University Press。  new window
10.Dane, Joseph A(1991)。The Critical Mythology of Irony。Athens：University of Georgia Press。  new window
其他
1.李鑑慧(2003)。知者無罪--海登懷特的歷史思想。  延伸查詢new window
2.羅伊．克拉瑪(2002)。文學批評與歷史想像--懷特與拉卡頗的文學挑戰。  延伸查詢new window
3.索倫．奧碧．克爾凱郭爾著，湯晨溪譯(2005)。論反諷概念--以蘇格拉底為主線。  延伸查詢new window
4.郭博文(2000)。維柯的社會哲學。  延伸查詢new window
5.黑格爾著，朱孟實(光潛)譯(1981)。美學。  延伸查詢new window
6.凱斯．詹京斯著，江政寬譯(2000)。後現代歷史學--從卡耳和艾爾頓到羅逖與懷特。  延伸查詢new window
7.維科著，朱光潛譯(1987)。新科學。  延伸查詢new window
8.劉世安(1999)。導讀。  延伸查詢new window
9.韓震、董立河(2007)。歷史學研究的語言學轉向--西方後現代歷史哲學研究。  延伸查詢new window
10.海登．懷特著，陳永國譯(2003)。歷史的負擔。  延伸查詢new window
11.海登．懷特著，陳永國譯(2003)。歷史的闡釋。  延伸查詢new window
12.海登．懷特著，張萬娟譯(2003)。歷史的轉義學：《新科學》的深層結構。  延伸查詢new window
13.海登．懷特(2005)。歷史闡釋的政治學--規範與非崇高化。  延伸查詢new window
14.Behler, Ernst(1990)。Irony and the Discourse of Modernity。  new window
15.Burke, Kenneth(1969)。Appendix D: Four Master Tropes。  new window
16.Dane, Joseph A(1991)。Viconian Ironies。  new window
17.Domanska, Ewa(199803)。Hayden White: Beyond Irony。  new window
18.Domanska, Ewa(1998)。Encounters: Philosophy of History after Postmodernism。  new window
19.Golob, Eugene E(198012)。The Irony of Nihilism。  new window
20.Hegel, G. W. F.(1993)。Introductory Lectures on Aesthetics。  new window
21.Howey, Richard Lowell(1975)。Some Reflections on Irony in Nietzsche。  new window
22.Inwood, Michael(1992)。Irony and Romanticism。  new window
23.Inwood, Michael(1993)。Introduction。  new window
24.Jenkins, Keith(1995)。On “What is History?”: From Carr and Elton to Rorty and White。  new window
25.Jenkins, Keith(1999)。Why History? Ethics and Postmodernity。  new window
26.Kansteiner, Wulf(199310)。“Hayden White’s Critique of the Writing of History。  new window
27.Kierkegaard, Soren(1968)。The Concept of Irony。  new window
28.Kramer, Lloyd S(1989)。Literature, Criticism, and Historical Imagination: The Literary Challenge of Hayden White and Dominick LaCapra。  new window
29.Lentricchia, Frank(1980)。The Place of Northrop Frye’s Anatomy of Criticism。  new window
30.Lentricchia, Frank(1983)。Criticism and Social Change。  new window
31.Nelson, John S(1975)。Review of Metahistory by Hayden White。  new window
32.Paul, Herman(2006)。An Ironic Battle against Irony: Epistemological and Ideological Irony in Hayden White’s Philosophy of History, 1955- 1973。  new window
33.Pinkard, Terry(2002)。German Philosophy, 1760-1860: The Legacy of Idealism。  new window
34.Roth, Michael S(1995)。Thin Description: Richard Rorty’s Use of History。  new window
35.Roth, Michael S(1995)。The Ironist’s Cage。  new window
36.Vico, Giambattista(1744)。Thomas Goddard Bergin and Max Harold Fisch trans。  new window
37.White, Hayden V(196306)。The Abiding Relevance of Croce’s Idea of History。  new window
38.White, Hayden(1978)。Interpretation of History。  new window
39.White, Hayden(1978)。The Tropics of History: the Deep Structure of the New Science。  new window
40.White, Hayden(1973)。Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteen-Century Europe。  new window
41.White, Hayden(1987)。The Politics of Historical Interpretation: Discipline and De-Sublimation。  new window
圖書論文
1.White, Hayden(1978)。The Burden of History。Tropics of Discourse: Essays in Cultural Criticism。Baltimore, MD：Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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