堅毅性格之可塑性初探__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	堅毅性格之可塑性初探
書刊名：	復興崗學報
作者：	程淑華／謝王惠／蘇俊欣
作者(外文)：	Cheng, Shu-hua／Hsie, Wang-huei／Su, Chun-hsin
出版日期：	2014
卷期：	104
頁次：	頁175-198
主題關鍵詞：	堅毅性格；正向組織行為；畢馬龍效應；Psychological hardiness；Positive organizational behavior；Pygmalion
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:1 共同引用:18 點閱:50

研究發現堅毅性格是有效的抗壓因子，是預測領導者表現和轉換型領導統御的人格面向，且是可以學習的。基於 POB概念以及教育訓練的功能，本研究希冀建立更多的實證文獻來證明堅毅性格的可塑性。實驗一採真正實驗設計，探討長官的正向期待對部屬堅毅性格產生的正面影響。便利取樣 80名學生，將他們隨機分派至正、負向畢馬龍情境組，依變項是他們在堅毅性格量表前後測分數。結果發現正向畢馬龍情境可以顯著提升個體在控制和挑戰的能力，顯示堅毅性格具可塑性，可能可以經由培養得來。因國內目前針對堅毅性格再訓練的實證研究實屬罕見，因此實驗二採單組前後測設計，將堅毅性格的學習納入 36名士兵的訓練中，並觀察他們在接受抗壓訓練課程前後及結束任務後的堅毅性格量表所得分數。結果發現課程可以增強受訓練者的控制能力。綜合研究結果，個體的控制能力具可塑性，且可經具體的訓練予以增強。

以文找文

Research found that psychological hardiness was effective in coping with stress. It was one of the personality factors which could predict effectively a leader’s performances and transformational leadership. Research also showed that an individual psychological hardiness could possibly be trained. Based on the tenets of positive organization behavior and with educational functions, researchers attempted to explore empirically the malleability of an individual psychological hardiness. The first experiment with a true experimental design was conducted to test effects of leaders’ positive expectations in subordinates. 80 cadets were assigned randomly to positive Pygmalion or negative Pygmalion condition. The dependent variable was students’ scores in the Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire which was developed based on Kobasa’s theory. Results showed that positive Pygmalion did promote an individual control and challenge capacities. It implied that an individual psychological hardiness was malleable, and could possibly be learned through special training. Because empirical research regarding the psychological hardiness retraining in Taiwan was rare, so the second experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted. 36 soldiers in an honor guard team were sampled conveniently and were tested the Hardiness Questionnaire three times before and after they participated in a 6-unit stress resisting program and after a formal task. Results did show that the stress resisting program could strengthen soldiers’ capacity in control. In addition, the finding also showed the sleeper effect. To sum up, an individual control capacity was malleable and could be strengthened through training.

以文找文

期刊論文
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7.	程淑華、溫惠雯(20101200)。國軍幹部身心適應模式探討。復興崗學報，100，225-251。延伸查詢
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研究報告
1.	程淑華(2005)。海軍艦艇部隊「心理訓練--部隊實驗」研究結案報告。國防部總政治作戰局。延伸查詢

學位論文
1.	許雅韻(2010)。聯合入伍訓練對軍校生人格堅忍度之長期效應及其與壓力感受和因應行為之相關性探討(碩士論文)。國防醫學院。延伸查詢
2.	詹茹琁(2008)。聯合入伍訓練對軍校新生人格堅忍度、壓力感受及身心反應之成效及其相關因素(碩士論文)。國防醫學院。延伸查詢
3.	鄭期銘(2007)。軍醫初任軍官人格堅忍度、工作壓力與身心狀態之相關性研究(碩士論文)。國防醫學院。延伸查詢
4.	謝王惠(2006)。畢馬龍效應、人格堅忍度與歸因型態之關聯性研究(碩士論文)。政治作戰學校。延伸查詢
5.	蔡涵音(2011)。女性軍人人格堅忍度、情緒智力、社會支持與其壓力感受之相關性研究(碩士論文)。國防醫學院，台北市。延伸查詢
6.	蘇俊欣(2007)。抗壓訓練課程之初步發展--以陸軍某單位為例(碩士論文)。國防大學政治作戰學院。延伸查詢
7.	溫惠雯(2004)。軍官身心適應模式相關因素探討(碩士論文)。政治作戰學校。延伸查詢
8.	林宜貞(1994)。國中生的教師期望、歸因型態、失敗容忍力與失敗反應關係之研究(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學。延伸查詢
9.	李惠美(2002)。探討牙醫師職業壓力與身心健康、職業倦怠的關係--以高雄市牙醫師為例(碩士論文)。高雄醫學大學。延伸查詢

圖書
1.	程淑華(2004)。軍中情緒議題、自我效能、情境認知及壓力知覺相關因素之探討。台北：大屯出版社。延伸查詢
2.	Eden, D.(1990)。Pygmalion in management: Productivity as a self-fulfilling prophecy。Lexington Books。
3.	Lefcourt, H. M.(1976)。Locus of control: Current trends in theory and research。NY：Wiley。
4.	Maddi, S. R.、Kobasa, S. C.(1984)。The hardy executive。Homewood, IL：Jones-Irwin。
5.	Nagl, J. A.(2005)。Learning to eat soup with a knife: Counterinsurgency lessons from Malaya and Vietnam。Chicago, IL：University of Chicago Press。
6.	Neufeldt, V.、Guralnik, D. B.(1996)。Webster's New world college dictionary。New York：A Simon & Schuster Macmillan Company。
7.	Lazarus, R. S.(1966)。Psychological Stress and the Coping Process。New York, NY：MacGraw-Hill。
8.	邱皓政(2005)。量化研究法（二）：統計原理與分析技術。臺北市：雙葉書廊。延伸查詢
9.	Selye, Hans(1956)。The Stress of Life。McGraw Hill Book Co.。

圖書論文
1.	Bartone, P. T.(2000)。Hardiness as a resiliency factor for United States forces in the Gulf War。Posttraumatic stressintervention: Challenges, issues, and perspectives。Springfield, IL：Charles C Thomas Publisher。
2.	Campbell, J.、Cooper, C. L.、Gibbs, P. C.、Little, L. M.、Nelson, D. L.(2010)。Positive organizational behavior at work。International review of industrial and organizational psychology。Wiley-Blackwell。
3.	Johnston, J. H.、Cannon-Bowers, J. A.(1996)。Training for stress exposure。Stress and human performance. Series in applied psychology。Hillsdale, NJ, England：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。
4.	Luthans, F.(2003)。Positive organizational behavior: implications for leadership and HR development and motivation。Motivation and work behavior。New York：McGraw-Hill/Irwin。
5.	Maddi, S. R.、Harvey, R. H.(2006)。Hardiness considered across cultures。Handbook of multicultural perspectives on stress and coping。Dallas, TX：Spring Publications。
6.	Vrij, B.、Barton, J.(2004)。Violent Police-Suspect Encounters: the Impact of Environmental Stressors on the Use of Lethal Force。Applying psychology to forensic practice。Malden：Blackwell Publishing。

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