Concerted action and price follow-up usually occur in the oligopolistic market, the former is prohibited by Taiwan fair trade act, the latter is not. Those two acts are quite similar in appearance, and the crucial point of proving concerted action is the existence of mutual understanding among the enterprises. Because the direct evidences usually acquire great effort to acquire, the use of indirect evidences becomes very important for Fair Trade Commission to facilitate the detection and proving of the mutual understanding. The main purpose of this essay is to discuss and analyze foregoing problems by reviewing the case of concerted pricing of industrial paper products among three leading paper corporations in Taiwan.