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題名：臺灣兒童運動行為與肥胖刻板印象
書刊名：國立臺灣體育運動大學學報
作者：陳俐蓉 引用關係／林君彥／唐誌陽 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chen, Li-jung／Lin, Chun-yen／Taun, Chih-yang
出版日期：2014
卷期：3:2
頁次：頁31-46
主題關鍵詞：肥胖汙名化；肥胖歧視；肢體障礙；身體意象；體型圖片；Obesity stigma；Obesity discrimination；Physical disability；Body image；Figure drawing
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近年來兒童肥胖盛行率有增加的趨勢。西方研究顯示國小學童對於肥胖有嚴重的歧視，而遭受肥胖歧視可能讓兒童的社會交際和心理造成嚴重的創傷。另外，研究顯示運動可以增進健康並預防肥胖，然而，是否可以促進正確體型意識，仍有待研究。因此本研究擬探討臺灣學童對於肥胖的態度及其與運動之關係。本研究之樣本共計516名，來自三所國民小學之五、六年級兒童。請他們從六個肥胖、不同身體肢障及無肢障體態圖形，依喜好程度，排出最喜歡到最不喜歡的體型。結果顯示‘無肥胖/肢障’最受歡迎，其次為‘杵拐杖’、‘坐輪椅’、‘臉有疤痕’及‘過重/肥胖’，最不受歡迎者為‘失去左手掌’之體型。男、女學童在「坐輪椅」(3.9 vs. 3.4, p<.001)及「過重/肥胖」(3.8 vs. 4.3, p<.001)體型上的喜好排序差異達顯著水準。另外，運動行為係肥胖汙名化之顯著預測因子 (p=.001)，高運動者比低運動者較沒有肥胖汙名化情形；在控制干擾變項後，其結果依然達到顯著水準(p=.014)。與過去文獻相比較，臺灣學童對於肥胖體型汙名化程度似乎沒有西方社會那麼普遍；相較於肥胖體型，臺灣兒童可能更重視身體的缺失 (失去左手掌)。
There is an increasing prevalence of obesity among children. Research has shown high degrees of obesity discrimination among primary schoolchildren in the Western society. Obesity discrimination may cause problems in social interactions and psychological traumas for children. Additionally, research shows that exercise can improve health and prevent obesity. However, more studies are needed to examine if exercise can promote healthy body image. This study aimed to examine Taiwanese schoolchildren’s attitude towards obesity and its relationship with execise. A total of 516 children (5th- and 6th-grade) from three schools participated in this study. They were asked to rank six drawings of same-sex children with obesity, various physical disabilities, or no disability at all, in the order of how much they liked each child. The ‘non-disable figure’ received the highest mean rank, followed by ‘child holding crutches’, ‘child in a wheelchair’, the ‘facially disfigured’, and the ‘overweght/obese’. The drawing with ‘left-hand missing’ was the least popular among the drawings. Gender differences were found in the rankings of ‘child in a wheelchair’ (3.9 vs. 3.4, p<.001) and ‘overweght/obese’ figures (3.8 vs. 4.3, p<.001). Exercise was a significant predictor for obesity stigma. Compared with the low exercise group, those who in the high exercise group showed less obesity stigma (p=.001). The significant association remained after adjustments (p=.014). Compared the results to the literature, obesity stigma among Taiwanese schoolchildren is not as prevalent as that found in the Western society. Taiwanese children tend to dislike the body figure with ‘left-hand missing’ rather than the obese figure.
期刊論文
1.Chen, L. J.、Fox, K. R.、Haase, A. M.、Ku, P. W.(2010)。Correlates of body dissatisfaction among Taiwanese adolescents。Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition，19(2)，172-179。  new window
2.Klaczynski, Paul A.、Goold, Kristen W.、Mudry, Jeffrey J.(2004)。Culture, Obesity Stereotypes, Self-Esteem, and the 'Thin Ideal': A Social Identity Perspective。Journal of Youth and Adolescence，33(4)，307-317。  new window
3.Chambliss, H. O.、Finley, C. E.、Blair, S. N.(2004)。Attitudes toward obese individuals among exercise science students。Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise，36(3)，468-474。  new window
4.Cramer, P.、Steinwert, T.(1998)。Thin is good, fat is bad: how early does it begin?。Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology，79(3)，429-451。  new window
5.Davison, K. K.、Birch, L. L.(2004)。Predictors of fat stereotypes among 9-year-old girls and their parents。Obesity Research，12(1)，86-94。  new window
6.Hoffmans, M. D. A. F.、Kromhout, D.、de Lezenne Coulander, C.(1988)。The impact of body mass index of 78 612 18-year old Dutch men on 32-year mortality。Journal of Clinical Epidemiology，41(8)，749-756。  new window
7.Faith, M. S.、Leone, M. A.、Ayers, T. S.、Heo, M.、Pietrobelli, A.(2002)。Weight criticism during physical activity, coping skills, and reported physical activity in children。Pediatrics，110(2)，e23。  new window
8.Flannery-Schroeder, E. C.、Chrisler, J. C.(1996)。Body esteem, eating attitudes, and gender-role orientation in three age groups of children。Current Psychology，15(3)，235-248。  new window
9.Figueroa-Colon, R.、Franklin, F. A.、Lee, J. Y.、Aldridge, R.、Alexander, L.(1997)。Prevalence of obesity with increased blood pressure in elementary school-aged children。Southern Medical Journal，90(8)，806-813。  new window
10.Koroni, M.、Garagouni-Areou, F.、Roussi-Vergou, C. J.、Zafiropoulou, M.、Piperakis, S. M.(2009)。The stigmatization of obesity in children. A survey in Greek elementary schools。Appetite，52(1)，241-244。  new window
11.Kraig, K. A.、Keel, P. K.(2001)。Weight-based stigmatization in children。International Journal of Obesity，25(11)，1661-1666。  new window
12.Morrissette, P. J.、Taylor, D.(2002)。Family counseling and childhood obesity: A review of approaches。The Family Journal，10(1)，19-26。  new window
13.Puhl, R. M.、Latner, J. D.(2007)。Stigma, obesity, and the health of the nation's children。Psychological bulletin，133(4)，557-580。  new window
14.Puhl, R. M.、Brownell, K. D.(2003)。Psychosocial origins of obesity stigma: toward changing a powerful and pervasive bias。Obesity reviews，4(4)，213-227。  new window
15.Richardson, S. A.、Goodman, N.、Hastorf, A. H.、Dornbusch, S. M.(1961)。Cultural uniformity in reaction to physical disabilities。American Sociological Review，26(2)，241-247。  new window
16.Latner, J. D.、Stunkard, A. J.(2003)。Getting worse: The stigmatization of obese children。Obesity Research，11(3)，452-456。  new window
17.Puhl, R. M.、Brownell, K. D.(2001)。Bias, discrimination, and obesity。Obesity Research，9(12)，788-805。  new window
18.Chen, L. J.、Fox, K. R.、Haase, A. M.、Wang, J. M.(2006)。Obesity, fitness and health in Taiwanese children and adolescents。European Journal of Clinical Nutrition，60(12)，1367-1375。  new window
19.伍連女、黃淑貞(19991200)。臺北市高職學生身體意象與運動行為之研究。學校衛生，35，1-31。  延伸查詢new window
20.劉翠薇、黃淑貞(19990600)。臺北縣某商專學生運動行為及其影響因素之研究。學校衛生，34，1-32。  延伸查詢new window
21.Dietz, William H.(1998)。Health Consequences of Obesity in Youth: Childhood Predictors of Adult Disease。Pediatrics，101，518-525。  new window
22.Bagenstos, S. R.(2000)。Subordination, stigma, and disability。Virginia Law Review，86(3)，397-534。  new window
學位論文
1.陳建台(2006)。雲林縣國中生運動參與程度、運動自我效能與壓力因應能力之關連性研究(碩士論文)。國立中正大學。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.International Union Nutritional Sciences(2014)。The Global Challenge of Obesity and the International Obesity Task Force，http://www.iuns.org/the-global-challenge-of-obesity-and-the-intemational-obesity-task-force。  new window
2.World Health Organization(2013)。Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health: Childhood overweight and obesity，http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/childhood/en/。  new window
圖書論文
1.Blascovich, Jim、Tomaka, Joseph(1991)。Measures of Self-esteem。Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes。San Diego, CA：Academic Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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