目的：本研究在於瞭解軍校大學部學生不同身體質量指數的健康體適能差異比較。方法：以97位平均19.6±0.9歲、身高173.3±4.8公分、體重66.3±7.7公斤的大學部男生為研究對象，以BMI小於24者為正常組、BMI等於或大於24者為過重組，進行包括身體質量指數 (BMI) ，以及坐姿體前彎、2分鐘仰臥起坐、2分鐘俯地挺身、3000公尺跑步等共6項測量，以獨立樣本t檢定不同組間的各項測驗 (量) 值差異。結果：BMI比較高組的俯地挺身次數、3000公尺跑步時間，都明顯比BMI比較低組的差。結論：由於肌肉量與肌力有正面關係，肌力有助於提升俯地挺身成績，再者，對於剛開始接受長跑訓練者而言，除了降低多餘脂肪重量之外，同時還應考量最大攝氧量與跑步經濟性的重要性。本研究建議，應該採取提高肌肉量、降低多餘體脂肪量、增加體能訓練的量與提升動作的經濟效益，來替代單純要求降低體重以達到提升運動成績的方式。

PURPOSE: This study was to understand the different body mass index (BMI) of healthy fitness is there significant difference. METHODS: The objects were 97 male cadets, on average 19.6 ± 0.9 years, height 173.3 ± 4.8 cm, weight 66.3 ± 7.7 kg. BMI less than 24 was low BMI (normal weight) group, BMI equal to or greater than 24 was high BMI (higher weight) group. All accepted six measurements including height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and sitting trunk flexion, two minutes sit-up, two minutes push-up, 3000 meters running. Using independent sample T test the values between different groups. RESULT: the high BMI group of push-up times and 3000 meters running time were significantly poorer than the low BMI group. CONCLUSION: because muscle mass and muscle strength have a positive relationship, muscle strength is help to improve push-up times, furthermore, for beginning to accept long-distance trainer, in addition to reducing the weight of extra fat, should also consider the amount of maximum oxygen uptake and importance of running economy. This study recommends that it should be taken to improve muscle mass and reduce amount of excess body fat, increase the amount of physical training and promotion actions the economic benefits of to replace the simple request to reduce weight in order to achieve a way to enhance athletic performance.