面對國際化、全球化的挑戰和人口特徵的變化，日本人無可避免要裝備自己，以適應由傳統向後現代就業環境的過渡。在如此變化急遽的情況下，大眾都認同急需要有曾接受過良好訓練的事業輔導師和事業輔導從業員，為市民提供服務。 本文旨在概述事業輔導從業員專業化的相關議題。事業輔導從業員必須具備一些基本能力，以幫助他人在其一生中發展和維繫自己的事業。文章還會簡介日本事業輔導行業的發展歷史，並簡略分析哪些行業的員工需要這種專業幫助。

As a result of internationalization, globalization, and a demographic change of population, Japanese people have been forced to equip themselves with competencies for adapting to a transition from traditional to post-modern employment conditions. In situations of rapid change such as these, it is widely recognized that the services of well-trained career counsellors and practitioners are urgently needed. The purpose of this article is to outline the issues relevant to the professionalization of career counselling practitioners who are expected to acquire key competencies to help individuals develop and maintain their careers across the lifespan. The authors also present a brief history of the evolution of career practitioners in Japan, and a brief analysis of groups of workers who need such professional help.