本文以李榮春《祖國與同胞》為研究對象，討論文本中的「身分編輯」與「戰爭觀」。從「身分編輯」的角度，筆者以為文本為讀者展示了戰時台人在身分認同與個人目標之間的拉扯。在不同的考量下，每個人物都「選取」、「刪除」與「排列組合」了自己所需或是想迴避的部分，以自己覺得最適合面向世人的樣貌出現，展露「認同」的複雜性。而從戰爭文學的角度來看，《祖國與同胞》雖然鮮少談及戰場上的拼鬥，卻對戰時中國社會與日本發動戰爭之心理有深刻且細膩的描寫。此外，李榮春對人物性格的多樣性以及二戰期間台人在身分上所面臨的尷尬處境亦有深入的書寫，這些都充分展現所謂「身分編輯」的概念。另方面，在抗日反戰的戰爭觀之外，作家尚從具左翼色彩的視野具體分析戰爭與帝國主義之關係，使這部小說在同時期眾多作品中顯得獨樹一格。是故，透過重讀李榮春與《祖國與同胞》，筆者以為這部小說是兩岸從文學觀看抗戰歷史時，不可忽略且極具代表性的戰爭文學作品，其在台灣文學史上更留下了不容抹滅的宏偉身影。

This paper examines the novel Motherland and Compatriots written by Li Rong- Chun, through focusing on two aspects: identity editing, and views of war. In the viewpoint of ＂identity editing,＂ this novel depicts how Taiwanese struggled in the dilemma between personal identity and their own goal in the war period. Based on different considerations, each of the characters in this novel ＂selected＂, ＂deleted＂, ＂rearranged＂ what they needed or disliked, and they displayed the most suitable looks for their own; this shows the complexity of ＂identification.＂ Furthermore, in the viewpoint of war literature, Li Rong-Chun seldom mentioned about the fights on the war field but he profoundly and carefully depicted the status of China society and the intentions of why Japanese wanted to provoke the war. Besides, Li Rong-Chun also described about the diversity of identities and the embarrassing situations of Taiwanese during World War II; and these sufficiently show the conception of ＂identity editing.＂ On the other hand, Li Rong-Chun not only showed the attitude for anti-Japanese war, but also specifically analyzed the relationship between war and imperialism from the view of left wing. This made the novel stand out from the works in the same period. Therefore, through rereading Li Rong-Chun and his work ＂Motherland and Compatriots,＂ this novel left its irreplaceable value in Cross-strait literature and establishes its grand image in the history of the development of Taiwan Literature.