期刊論文| 1. | Traub, R. E.、Hambleton, R. K.(1972)。The Effect of Scoring Instructions and Degree of Speededness on the Validity and Reliability of Multiple-Choice Tests。Educational and Psychological Measurement，32，737-758。   |
| 2. | Slakter, Malcolm J.(1968)。The Penalty for Not Guessing。Journal of Educational Measurement，5(2)，141-144。 |
| 3. | Slakter, Malcolm J.(1968)。The Effect of Guessing Strategy on Objective Test Scores。Journal of Educational Measurement，5(3)，217-222。 |
| 4. | Lord, F. M.(1975)。Formula Scoring and Number-right Scoring。Journal of Educational Measurement，12(1)，7-12。 |
| 5. | Diamond, J.、Evans, W.(1973)。The Correction for Guessing。Review of Educational Research，43(2)，181-191。 |
| 6. | Millman, J.(1973)。Passing Scores and Test Lengths for Domain-Referenced Measures。Review of Educational Research，43(2)，205-216。 |
| 7. | Sherriffs, A. C.、Boomer, D. S.(1954)。Who is penalized by the penalty for guessing?。Journal of Education Psychology，45，81-90。 |
| 8. | Swineford, F.、Miller, P. M.(1953)。Effects of directions regarding guessing on item statistics of a multiple-choice vocabulary test。Journal of Educational Psychology，44(3)，129-139。 |
| 9. | Crocker, L.、Benson, J.(1976)。Achievement, guessing, and risk-taking behavior under norm referenced and criterion referenced testing conditions。American Educational Research Journal，13(3)，207-215。 |
| 10. | Jacobs, S. S.(1975)。Behavior on objective tests under theoretically adequate, inadequate, and unspecific scoring rules。Journal of Educational Measurement，12，19-30。 |
| 11. | Votaw, D. F.(1936)。The effect of do not guess instructions upon the validity of true-false on multiple-choice tests。Journal of Educational Psychology，27，698-703。 |
| 12. | Diamond, J.(1975)。A preliminary study of reliability and validity of a scoring based upon confidence and partial information。Journal of Educational Measurement，12，129-133。 |
| 13. | Ebel, R. L.(1968)。Blind guessing on objective achievement tests。Journal of Educational Measurement，5，321-325。 |
| 14. | Lord, F. M.(1964)。The effects of random guessing on test validity。Educational and Psychological Measurement，24，745-747。 |
| 15. | Slakter, M. J.(1967)。Risk taking on objective examinations。American Educational Research Journal，4，31-43。 |
| 16. | Glass, Gene V.、Wiley, D. E.(1964)。Formula scoring and test reliability。Journal of Educational Measurement，1，43-47。 |