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題名:從新制度主義論歐洲議會職權之變遷
作者:胡婉玲
作者(外文):WAN-LING HU
校院名稱:中國文化大學
系所名稱:中山學術研究所
指導教授:郭秋慶
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2001
主題關鍵詞:歐洲議會新制度主義歷史制度主義理性選擇組織理論制度變遷European ParliamentNew InstitutionalismHistorical InstitutionalismRational ChoiceOrganization theory
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(3) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 點閱點閱:174
歐洲議會(European Parliament)係民主議會與歐盟發展的研究領域中,一個相當具有特殊性的研究主題。雖然歐洲議會是歐盟當中唯一的民選機構,議員由十五個歐盟會員國公民所選舉產生,達六百二十六席,是一員額龐大且具超國家性質之議會,但是其成立迄今所享有的職權,仍無法以學理上民主議會的模式加以解釋。它表面上擁有許多類似民主議會的職權,然所享有的實質權力卻仍無法與民主議會等量齊觀。再者,歐洲議會的成立並非如同一般民族國家議會,不是由憲法保障其職權行使的範圍,而是透過歷次條約的簽署或增補而漸次的改變其組織架構與運作方式,其享有的職權迄今一直處於變遷的狀態。
本論文研究的重心,在於探討歐洲議會成立迄今將近五十年的職權變遷途徑,由制度的觀點來解析此一超國家議會職權的變遷,並找出造成其職權變遷的各項因素。因此,本研究嘗試從新制度主義(New Institutionalism)中制度變遷(Institutional Change)的理論主張,來解釋歐洲議會各項職權的形成、變遷及組織結構改變的原因與動力,同時檢證與歐洲統合進程之關係。
全文二十四萬餘字,共分為六章討論。第一章敘明本文的研究動機及目的,並針對國內外有關歐洲議會與新制度主義的相關研究著作作系統性的文獻回顧。
第二章則比較不同學派的新制度主義對制度變遷的詮釋,探討新制度主義中的理性選擇、組織理論及歷史制度主義等三種不同的制度研究途徑,對制度變遷的動力、原因與方向,從而選擇最能解釋歐洲議會職權變遷的研究途徑。
第三章從歷史制度主義制度變遷的理論假設,檢證歐洲議會的形成與其職權變遷的過程,並且尋找不同時空環境下影響歐洲議會職權變遷的各行動者之利益、理念與外環境因素。
第四章特別針對歐洲議會的各項職權(立法、監督、預算、同意等職權)在不同條約時期中權力消長的動態分析,以及與其他機構間的權力消長變遷比較。
第五章由歷史制度主義制度變遷的路徑相依、斷續式均衡,以及議題密度成長觀點,來解析歐洲議會制度的形成、變遷以及停滯。同時說明其如何在整體歐盟機構權力不對稱(power asymmetric)的現實中,運用制度內、外部危機(crisis)所形成的臨界點(conjuncture),而漸次的擴大其於歐盟的決策能力與提升其地位。最後並提出歐洲議會職權變遷之模式,與其未來發展之推論。
在第六章結論中,提出本文之研究發現,包括歐洲統合與歐洲議會職權之變遷並非亦步亦趨之關係,而歐洲議會的職權變遷途徑並非一味有增無減的擴權,制度有可能回溯,發生『溢回』(spill back)現象。
The European Parliament is a very specific topic in the field of European Union studies and Parliamentalism. This dissertation tries to explain the transformation of the powers of the EP during the past half-century using a New Institutionalism Approach. This dissertation will explain the formation, the change, and possible future changes of the institution(EP). Additionally, this dissertation will examine the theories of Institutional Change within the EP in the same time frame.
After analyzing various approaches of New Institutionalism, including the institutional change of rational choice, organization theory and historical institutionalism, this study utilized the historical approach toward the establishment of EP and traced patterns of transformation of European Parliament power over the past 50 years. A model with normal science rationales based on Institutional Change Approach of New Institutionalism was used to examine the initial forming processes of the EP, its systematic changes, and the differentiated governance structure across time. This study then aims to explain the influential factors and driving forces of European integration, and the roles played in convergence of the European Union.
Continued European integration has had a strong influence on the transformation of the powers of the EP, as many scholars claims, but here in this research it is found that the path of the transformation of power of EP does not totally match the path nor pace of European integration. Certain fields have become more integrated than others. This uneven level of integration may have undesired results in the future. This dissertation also raises the point that the changes in the institution itself are not necessarily going in the same forward direction, and may actually regress.
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盧倩儀 ,〈從歐盟移民政策看區域經濟整合的政治意涵〉,《美歐季
刊》,第13卷第一期,1999年春季號,頁1-29。
藍玉春 ,〈阿姆斯特丹條約對歐盟決策程序之影響與意涵〉,《美歐季
刊》,第13卷第一期,1999年春季號,頁1-29。
蘇秀法 ,〈歐洲聯盟起步維艱〉,《問題與研究》,第33卷第5 期,new window
1994年5月,頁21-39。
三、學位論文
王心儀 ,(國家元首選舉制度改革之動力及影響-台灣與南韓比較研
究),東海大學政治研究所碩士論文,2000年。
史世儀 ,(政府體制與政治穩定-政黨制與選舉制度),東海大學政治
學研究所碩士論文,1999年。
江進勳 ,〈歐洲議會預算權之研究〉,淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文,
1983年。
余正國 ,〈論歐洲議會的「議會化」發展及其困境-兼論阿姆斯特丹條
約的衝擊〉,淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文,1998年。
宋作君 ,(後共產東歐社會市場經濟變遷之研究-比較分析波蘭與匈牙
利的「私有化」過程1989-1995)東海大學碩士論文,1998年。
吳志偉 ,(八○年代以來中共中央政府組織與職能之轉變),國立政治
大學東亞研究所碩士論文,1998年。
邱瑜瑾 ,(解嚴後臺中市都市發展形塑的社會機制),東海大學社會學new window
研究所博士論文,1996年。
沈志嚴 ,〈歐洲議會直接普選之研究〉,淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論
文,1981年。
林明義 ,〈歐洲議會的構成與功能〉,淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文,
1977年。
許耿銘 ,(APEC形成與發展之政治經濟分析-從制度論之觀點),國立
暨南國大學公共行政及政策研究所碩士論文,1999年。
黃英哲 ,〈歐洲整合與會員國國會之互動-已法國國會監督歐盟立法為
例〉,淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文,2001。
黃淑娥 ,〈歐洲議會與會員國國會之關係-舉英、丹、愛三國實例〉,
淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文,1987年。
黃豪聖 ,(臺灣政黨轉型現象之研究-從新制度論角度分析),東海大
學政治研究所碩士論文,1999年。
張世杰 ,(制度變遷的政治過程:英國全民健康服務體系的個案研究
1948-1990),國立政治大學公共行政研究所博士論文,2000年。
張釗嘉 ,〈歐洲議會職權擴張之研究1958-1988〉,淡江大學歐洲研究
所碩士論文,1989年。
陳明謙 ,〈國會組織一院制與兩院制之研究〉,中國文化大學政治學研
究所碩士論文,1995年。
陳碧源 ,(我國政府資訊委外政策過程之探究),國立台灣大學政治研
究所碩士論文,1999年。
楊人超 ,(多邊主義與亞太安全)東吳大學政治研究所碩士論文,1998
年。
衛 民 ,(主權爭議下之兩岸經貿政策:1990-2000戒急用忍政策之新
制度分析),國立台北大學公共行政暨政策研究所博士論
文,2001年。
劉世亮 ,(波蘭憲政體制的變遷),東吳大學政治研究所碩士論文,
1998年。
葉淑媚 ,(我國憲政體制之選擇:一九九○到二○○○),國立台灣大
學三民主義研究所碩士論文,2000年。
謝俊義 ,(新制度經濟學對當代行政改革之啟示),國立政治大學公共
行政研究所碩士論文,1999年。
顏國秉 ,(從權力與權力的文獻看中共憲法的演變),國立台灣大學政
治研究所碩士論文,2000年。
四、其他
王國璋 ,〈歐盟議會權力的演變與比較〉,2000年,頁1-30。
洪丁福 ,〈邦聯的運作與成效〉,財團法人陳隆志新世紀文教基金會主辦「國
家主權與統合模式的比較」研討會論文集,2001年2月24日。
翁松燃 ,〈國家統合模式初探〉,財團法人陳隆志新世紀文教基金會主辦「國
家主權與統合模式的比較」研討會論文集,2001年2月24日。
陳信吉 ,〈影響歐洲聯盟未來走向的世紀高峰會: 尼斯歐洲高峰會〉,歐洲聯
盟研究協會,2001年,網址http://eusa-taiwan.org/
黃偉峰 ,〈歐盟政治研究中理論方法之分類〉,中研院歐美研究所主辦「歐盟new window
重要法政議題研討會」,台北,2000年11月。
貳、外文部份
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Immigration" .Phd, City University of New York.
Notenboom, Henricus Antonius Cornelis Marie. 1988:"The Use By the European
Parliament of Its Budgetary Powers:1975-1987".Phd, Katholieke Universiteit
Brabant(Netherlands).
Orcutt, Carla Gisela Ingeborg.1981:"The Process of International Intergration in
Europe".Phd, University of Oregon.
Patterson, Lee Ann.1998:"Regulating Competitiveness: The Development And Elaboration
of Biotechnology Regulatory Policy In The E.U" .Phd, University of Pittsburgh.
Philip, Robert Gene, JR.1992"The European Parliament and Political Redirection of The
European Community". Phd, University of South Carolina.
Porro, Vincenzo.1985:"Legislative Intelligence in Europe: A Comparative Analysis with
Particular Attentions to Economic Affairs ".Phd, State University of New York at
Buffalo.
Raunio, Tapio.1996:"Party Group Behavior In The European Parliament: An Analysis of
Transnational Political Group In The 1989-1994 Parliament". Phd, Tempereen
Yliopisto(Finland).
Scholl, Edward Lawrence.1986:"Pork Barrel Politics in The European Parliament: Meps
and The European Regional Development Fund" .Phd, Emory University .
Sweeney, Jane Patricia.1980:"The First European Elections: A Critique of Neo-
Functionalist Intergration Theory". Phd, New School For Social Research.
D. Treaties
Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community,
http://www.europa.eu.int/abc/obj/treaties/en/entoc29.htm
Treaty establishing the European Community
http://www.europa.eu.int/abc/obj/treaties/en/entoc05.htm
Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community
http://www.europa.eu.int/abc/obj/treaties/en/entoc01.htm
Treaty on the European Union
http://www.europa.eu.int/abc/obj/treaties/en/entoc01.htm
Treaty of Amsterdam amending the treaty on European Union, the treaties establishing European Communities and certain related acts
http://ue.eu.int/Amsterdam/en/treaty/treaty.htm
Treaty establishing a single council and a single commission of the European community
http://www.europa.eu.int/abc/obj/treaties/en/entoc112.htm
Act concerning the election of the representatives of the European Parliament by direct universal suffrage, annexed to the Council Decision of 20 September 1976
http://www.europa.eu.int/abc/obj/treaties/en/entoc117.htm
The European Parliament as it would be affected by the draft Treaty of Amsterdam of 19 June 1997, European Parliament, Directorate-General for Committees and Delegations, Committee on Institutional Affairs
http//www.europarl.eu.int/dg7/treaty/en/epchange.htm
Treaty of Nice, O.J C80/48 10.03.2001
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/treaties/dat/nice_treaty_en.pdf
 
 
 
 
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