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題名:我國老人福利機構產業之成本結構與政府補助分析
作者:陳重佑
作者(外文):Chung-Yu Chen
校院名稱:雲林科技大學
系所名稱:管理研究所博士班
指導教授:楊忠城
傅鍾仁
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2012
主題關鍵詞:老人福利歇業條件長期照顧Long-Term CareSenior Citizen&apos&aposs WelfareShutdo
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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我國自1993年邁入高齡化社會後,老年人口持續快速增加,政府更於2007年推出「我國長期照顧十年計畫」,期能為大量需長期照顧的老人提供更適切的照顧服務。過去20多年間,政府已經常性補助部份老人福利機構,但大部分機構卻普遍有經營困難與服務品質欠佳的問題。本研究嘗試以實證資料估計我國老人福利機構之成本函數,並以歇業條件探討政府補助對長期照顧產業成本結構之影響。資料取自各機構之查核報告與內政部「老人福利機構評鑑報告」。配合資料屬性,本研究以Cobb-Douglas成本函數進行分析。實證結果顯示,各機構之總營運成本在接受政府補助後,勞動成本配額增加,資本配額減少,意味著政府補助在舒緩各機構資本支出的效果較佳。在現行實務上,養護機構、長期照護機構以及評鑑成績較佳之機構,必須在接受政府補助後,才可跨越歇業門檻;純安養機構的增額成本較低,不需政府補助即可跨越歇業門檻,但仍可獲得政府相對較高比例的變動成本補助;最後,政府給予規模較小與評鑑成績欠佳之機構,相對較高比例的資本補助。本研究建議,為避免各機構消極配合評鑑,以及削減設置長期照護床位的誘因,政府補助宜賦予養護與長期照護床位,以及評鑑成績較佳之機構相對較高的權重。以促使各機構提升照顧品質,並使罹患重症與慢性病的老人,也可獲得妥善的照顧。
In 1993, Taiwan was formally an aging nation. With accelerated aging, comprehensive aged cares are necessary. The Ministry of the Interior launched a ten-year project for long-term care in 2007 expected to provide apropos cares for the elderly. In the past 20 years, the nursing homes have been facing financial difficulties, even though the government subsidized them regularly. This study wants to explore the influence of government subsidies on the cost structure of the long-term care industry. Data were obtained from audited reports of institutes and the 2004 and 2007 editions of The Reports of the Evaluation Results of Senior Citizens'' Welfare Institutions. This study employed the Cobb-Douglas cost function to investigate the relationship between government subsidies and the cost structure. Empirical results indicate that the subsidies were more effective in relieving the burden of capital costs. The government also granted more proportionately capital rate subsidies to small-scale institutions and the institutions with unsatisfactory evaluation results. And the other hand, domiciliary care institutions could receive relatively higher ratio of subsidies for labor. We suggest the government provide higher-weighted subsidies to institutes that with better evaluation results and provide nursing or long-term care services. This would enhance service quality and increase the number of beds available for chronic patients.
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