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題名:青少年早期家庭受暴經歷 與問題行為關聯性之實證研究
作者:謝芬芬
校院名稱:中央警察大學
系所名稱:犯罪防治研究所
指導教授:許春金、陳玉書
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2015
主題關鍵詞:青少年早期家庭受暴經歷社會連結社會情境控制低自我控制問題行為Young adolescentschildhood domestic violence experiencesocial connectionssituational controlself-controladolescent problematic behavior
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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由於青少年早期家庭受暴經歷與其問題行為向來都是全球所關注的人權問題,本研究根據Hirschi社會鍵理論、Gottfredson & Hirschi一般化犯罪理論、暴力循環理論和社會學習理論,從青少年的角度來檢視個體自幼經歷家庭暴力,與其成長後行為表現之間的關聯性,主要目的包括:(1)瞭解青少年早期家庭受暴經歷與問題行為之狀況,及其與個人特性、家庭狀況等相關因素之關聯性;(2)由犯罪學理論觀點,運用客觀調查資料分析青少年早期家庭受暴經歷與問題行為之關係;(3)分析早期家庭受暴經歷對青少年社會連結、社會情境控制與自我控制之影響;(4)透過結構方程模式檢驗本研究之理論架構。
本研究係採次級調查資料進行分析,資料來源為美國Auburn大學 Vazsonyi為關懷青少年,在美國、荷蘭、瑞士、匈牙利等國家所做的跨國比較研究,經台灣地區研究主持人授權使用;研究樣本包括台北縣(現為新北市)之國中、高中及大專學生、保護管束與少年輔育院少年,共計2,488名青少年。研究結果顯示,青少年之早期家庭受暴經歷各類型態通常重疊存在,以父/母親疏忽居多、其次為目睹家庭暴力,而家庭暴力行為較少,各類暴力行為盛行率在7.12%(以刀或槍威脅)到59.97%(大聲辱罵)。青少年問題行為具顯著共通性,並與各類早期家庭受暴經歷具有顯著正相關。男性青少年之早期家庭受暴經歷與問題行為均顯著高於女性,個人特性(如:教育程度、年齡)與家庭特性(如:父母婚姻狀況、家庭經濟等)不同之青少年其受暴經歷與問題行為亦存在顯著差異性。
早期家庭受暴經歷減弱青少年之社會連結與社會情境控制,並導致其低自我控制傾向,尤以母親疏忽最具影響力;結構方程模式(SEM)檢驗早期家庭受暴經歷對青少年問題行為之影響結果發現,(1)早期家庭受暴經歷對青少年問題行為影響顯著且多元;(2)社會連結對青少年之社會情境控制、低自我控制和問題行為均具顯著直接與間接之影響力;(3)社會情境控制對青少年之低自我控制和問題行為均具顯著之影響力;(4)低自我控制對於問題行為之影響較為直接,而較弱的社會情境控制會弱化自我控制進而影響青少年的問題行為。整體而言,本研究之研究結果大部分支持本研究之研究假設。針對本研究結果提出政策上六項,實務上有社福、家庭、學校及社區等四大面向、與未來研究之相關建議。
Childhood domestic violence is a global issue and human rights concern. Based on the Hirschi Social Control Theory, Gotttfredson & Hirschi General Theory of Crime, Cycle of Violence Theory, and Social Study Theory, this research study examines the relationship between childhood domestic violence and problematic behavior among young adolescents. The aims of the study are (1) to understand childhood domestic violence experiences in childhood and their effects on problematic behaviors, personalities, and family situations of those affected; (2) analyze the relationship between childhood domestic violence and problematic behavior based on criminal theory using objective investigational information; (3) analyze the influence of childhood domestic violence on the social connections, situational control, and self-control capabilities of adolescents; and (4) test the theory structure of this study using the structural equation.
In this research study, secondary investigation information from Auburn University, U.S.A., was used for analysis. Dr. Vazsonyi has done cross-country comparisons of adolescents from the U.S.A., the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Hungary, and has also been authorized to analyze the Taiwan area. Data were collected from 2488 adolescents in junior high school, senior high school, college, probation, and the Ministry of Justice correctional school. Among adolescents who experienced different degrees of early domestic violence, their criminal behaviors ranged from knife or gun violence (7.12 %) to verbal abuse (59.97 %), and were positively correlated to early domestic violence.
Results indicate that adolescents have overlapping experiences of early domestic violence, where parental negligence was the most prevalent. Problematic behavior in adolescents is commonly related to early domestic violence, where males were affected more seriously than females. Early domestic violence had different effects on the problematic behaviors of adolescents from varying personal and socioeconomic backgrounds (i.e. education, age, family relations, marital status of parents, financial situation).
Adolescents with childhood domestic violence experiences had fewer social connections and low situational control skills, and also had reduced their self-control tendencies, in which maternal negligence was found to be the most important factor. Structural equation modeling (SEM) inspection of the influence of early domestic violence on problematic behavior found that (1) the effects of early domestic violence on problematic behavior are obvious and multivariate; (2) the low self-control and situational control skills and problematic behaviors of adolescents were directly and indirectly influenced by social factors; (3) situational control has obvious influences on the self-control and problematic behavior of adolescents; and (4). low self-control directly influences the problematic behavior, where poor situational control led to decreased self-control that resulted in adolescent problematic behavior. In conclusion, the results of this research study were in support of the hypothesis. Based on the results, we have proposed possible reforms for strategy and practical about social welfare, families, schools and communities, and future related research proposals.
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