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題名：單親家庭與國小學童身體活動及身體質量指數之關聯
作者：林哲宏
作者(外文)：Lin, Che-Hung
校院名稱：臺北市立大學
系所名稱：競技運動訓練研究所
指導教授：郭家驊
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2015
主題關鍵詞：家庭結構；學童身高；身體質量指數；單親媽媽；坐式生活；Family structure；Schoolchildren’s body height；BMI；Single mother；Sedentary life
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目的：為瞭解單親家庭結構及狀態對國小學童體位成長情形的影響，並探討其對於學童身體活動量的影響在其中扮演的角色。方法：本研究針對臺北市147所國小之六年級學童進行問卷發放，採回溯式調查六年級學童過去六年間的體位變化，包括身高、體重、身體質量指數以及近期的身體活動情形。本論文包括2個研究主題，研究一以家庭結構分組，觀察不同家庭結構間的學童其體位成長及身體活動的情形；研究二則是在單親家庭狀態下，比較單親爸爸與單親媽媽的家庭狀態對於國小學童的體位成長及身體活動情形。結果：研究一發現單親家庭的男童身高在國小五、六年級時（11、12歲）較來自雙親家庭的男童矮，而來自單親家庭的孩子每週從事靜態活動時間像是打電腦、打電玩、聽音樂以及看電視等活動，皆顯著的高於雙親家庭的學童，並且單親家庭男童每周戶外運動次數較低，而單親家庭女童每週戶外運動時間及次數皆低於雙親家庭的女童。研究二發現單親媽媽家庭的女童，在六年間（除了3年級），BMI值皆高於單親爸爸家庭的女童，且每周從事室內靜態活動的時間較高。結論：單親家庭結構的學童坐式生活型態程度較高、每週戶外運動的次數與時間較少，且來自單親家庭的國小五、六年級男童身高較矮；在單親家庭的狀態下，單親媽媽撫養的女童BMI值較高，且每週室內靜態活動時間較長。因此未來在推動肥胖防治的政策上，應將家庭結構及狀態視為考量因素，尤其是來自單親媽媽家庭的女童應列入重點對象。
Purpose: To determine the link of parental status of children growth and physical activity measures. Methods: In this study, anthropometric data, including weight, height and body mass index (BMI) from sixth grade students from 147 elementary schools in Taipei city for the past 6 years were tracked. Recent physical activity and sedentary behavior of schoolchildren were also collected. In study 1, we compared the differences of schoolchildren’s physical status and physical activity measures among different parental status. In study 2, we compared schoolchildren’s physical status and sedentary behaviors between schoolchildren from maternal and paternal single parent status. Results: Study 1 showed that boy from single-parent family is significantly shorter in height than boy from normal family at fifth and sixth grade. Compared to normal family, children from single parent family spent more time on sedentary behavior, such as playing computer, video games, listening to music and watching TV. Boys from single-parent family spent fewer time on outdoor activity than normal family. Furthermore, girl from single-parent family spent less time on outdoor activity than girl from normal family. Study 2 found that girls from maternal family had higher BMI value compared to those from paternal family. Girls from maternal family spent more time in sedentary indoor activity than those from paternal family. Conclusion: This study suggests that single parent status is a disadvantage for physical development of children, which is associated with a more sedentary behavior. The unfavorable influence appears to be more serious among those girls from maternal single parent family.
中文部分
衛生福利部統計處（2010）。99單親家庭狀況調查。2015年5月22日，取自衛生福利部統計處網址：http://www.mohw.gov.tw/cht/DOS/Statistic.aspx?f_list_no=312&;fod_list_no=4706.

外文部分
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