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題名:商管學院國際化策略及其在推動全校國際化所扮演的角色之研究
作者:鍾佳融
作者(外文):CHUNG, JIA-RONG
校院名稱:國立臺南大學
系所名稱:教育學系教育經營與管理碩博士班
指導教授:姜麗娟
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2017
主題關鍵詞:高等教育國際化商管學院台灣higher educationinternationalizationbusiness schoolTaiwan
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在台灣,國際化已經成為大學的重要課題,大學國際化與大學競爭力甚至國家競爭力產生連結。本研究從商管學院推動國際化之經驗,瞭解商管學院的國際化策略及其在校方推動國際化所扮演的角色。研究目的在探討商管學院學科本質與國際化策略的關聯性、商管學院國際化脈絡條件與國際化策略的關聯性,及商管學院對校方推動國際化是否產生具體的影響效果。本研究採取個案研究法,選擇兩個具有AACSB國際認證的管院,以訪談及文件分析為主要資料蒐集方式,分別訪談10名與12名教師或兼任行政主管的教師。本研究主要研究結果摘述如下:
一、個案A大學因為天主教大學的國際性緣故,具有推動國際化的先天有利條件,但A管院所使用的國際化策略包括﹕增加與天主教會大學的合作、管院及國際課程MGEM全球排名的參與,及創造收益以維持國際化永續推動等,使A管院成為校內國際化的代表學院及被重視的角色。
二、個案B大學維持創校以來對國際學術的重視,成為各學院推動國際化的有利條件,但B管院所使用的國際化策略包括﹕增加國際學術的合作機會、管院及EMBA課程全球排名的參與,及招募國際學生與鼓勵出國交換等,使B管院成為校內國際化的代表學院及扮演影響校園環境國際化的角色。
三、與國際連結性強的學科本質,讓個案管院在培養學生國際移動力、國際課程排名及認證等國際化策略相雷同,並且學科本質成為個案管院接軌國際的有利條件。
四、個案管院在校方積極推動國際化之前,已分別自主利用學院及校方的天主教大學國際組織、院責任制,與國際學術傳統之獨特國際化脈絡條件,各自有雙聯學制簽訂,與國際學術合作交流的國際化策略。
五、個案管院的國際化,因分別利用天主教大學國際組織與國際學術關係網絡的不同,管院在校方推動國際化角色有所差別。A管院顯然地扮演了影響者的角色;相對於A管院,B管院的國際化表現在大學中是非常突出的角色,但無法成為大學中具影響力的單位。
本研究並依據研究結果與討論,提出以下三項結論:
一、從文獻及本研究發現,商管學院與國際活動連結性強的學科本質,讓商管學院在國際化策略的使用上出現雷同一致性的情形。
二、本研究發現,因為商管學院本身機構的關係網絡不同,及國際組織或國際學術的大學關係網絡差異,讓不同大學中的商管學院推動國際化之策略作為,呈現差異與變化。
三、從本研究發現,商管學院必須善用脈絡條件中的國際組織關係網絡,方能具有被期待對校方推動國際化的影響地位。
在綜整後,提出本文主要論點如下:與國際活動連結性強的學科本質讓商管學院出現雷同的國際化策略,也成為推動國際化的優勢。但若管院得以利用學院及校方屬於國際組織的脈絡條件,大學國際化策略可借重管院國際化經驗,而讓該校其他學院產生學習與模仿的動力;但若管院所利用為學院及校方屬於國際學術的脈絡條件,大學國際化策略的推動因為涉及各學院的學術領域及學術地位的差異,要讓該校其他學院產生學習與模仿的動力則較不明顯。
最後,本研究依據結論,分別對商管學院、大學國際化的推動及未來研究提出建議。
In Taiwan, internationalization has become an important part in higher education. Internationalization is closely linked not only to university competitiveness but also national competitiveness. This study examines internationalization strategies of the business school and its role in promoting the internationalization in its university. It aims to explore the relationship between the nature of discipline and internationalization strategies, the relevance of internationalization context of business school and internationalization strategies, as well as any concrete effect on the internationalization of university. Two case of business schools with AACSB accredited were chosen in this study. The interview and document analysis were adopted as the main data collection. Ten teachers from Case A and 12 teachers from Case B, part of them with senior administration role in its university, were interviewed. The major findings of this study are summarized as follows:
First, Because of Catholicism, Case A owns a favorable condition for internationalization. Internationalization strategies of Case A include cooperation with Catholic university, ranking of business school, ranking of international program MGEM, and profit making for continuous internationalization. These make it play the representative and important role to promote the internationalization in its own university.
Second, Case B in a University that has stressed international academic performance tradition since it was founded. This becomes favorable condition for Case B’s internationalization. Internationalization strategies of B business school include academic cooperation, ranking of business school, ranking of EMBA program, recruiting international students and encouraging students for exchange and going abroad. These make Case B play the representative role of internationalization in B University, and have the impact of internationalization on campus.
Third, it is found that with the strong international connection of the nature of discipline, internationalization strategies of these two business schools are similar in the international mobility of students, ranking and certification of international curriculum. Thus, the nature of discipline becomes a favorable condition for business colleges to internationalize.
Fourth, before the university promoted internationalization, Case A has already actively used the university context of Catholic organizations, and responsibility system of the colleges. For Case B, it actively used international academic performance tradition. Both of them have established a joint degree agreement and academic cooperation.
Fifth, due to differences in when Case A owns the networks of Catholic universities and Case B owns international academic relationship, their roles in promoting internationalization differ. Case A presents explicitly as the influential role. Compared to Case A, Case B plays as an excellent performer instead of being influential one in its university.
Based on the findings and discussions, conclusions as follows are drawn:
First, from the literature and the findings of this study, with the strong international connection shown in the nature of discipline, the international strategies adopted by business schools are similar.
Second, due to college and institutional contexts and conditions, such as networks of international organizations, and international academic relationship of the college and the university, internationalization strategies adopted by business schools differ.
Third, being expected to play the influential role in promoting the internationalization of university, business schools must make good use of the network of international organization.
Based on the results, the main argument of this study is that the nature of discipline with international activities has led business schools to have similar international strategies, and which is an advantage of internationalization. If a business school can utilize its college’s and university’s international organizations, internationalization strategies of university may rely on the experiences of business school, motivating other colleges to learn and imitate. If a business school uses academic contexts, the internationalization of university would be driven by the differences in the academic fields and academic status. Learning and imitation would be implicit.
Finally, recommendations for business schools, universities, and future research, are proposed.
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