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題名：行銷相關工作的創造力需求與員工創造力績效受工作特性與組織特性之影響
書刊名：人力資源管理學報
作者：陳正男／丁學勤 引用關係／林素吟／黃雯蓉
作者(外文)：Chen, Cheng-nan／Ting, Shueh-chin／Lin, Su-yin／Huang, Wen-jung
出版日期：2003
卷期：3:3
頁次：頁27-55
主題關鍵詞：行銷工作；創造力需求；創造力績效；工作特性；組織特性；Marketing jobs；The need of creativity；The performance of creativity；Job characteristics；Organizational characteristics
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(4) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:20
  • 點閱點閱:75
隨著環境快速變遷，「創造力」成為企業一項重要的競爭優勢，如何增強員工的創造力則成為企業致勝的關鍵。基於行銷工作者與創造力關係密切但目前的研究卻很少，因此選擇行銷工作者為實證對象，並採用立意抽樣的方式對行銷工作者進行抽樣調查。探討工作類型、工作特性及組織特性三項因素與創造力需求及創造力績效的關係。在統計方法上使用因素分析、信度檢定、相關分析與變異數分析等方法進行資料分析，研究結果發現：第一、不同類型的行銷工作對創造力的需求有所差異，產品開發、設計工作與行銷企劃這三種原創性較高的工作對創造力的需求較高，相較之下，市場調查及業務工作對創造力的需求則較低；第二、工作複雜性、工作合作性與創造力需求呈現正向關係，工作例行性與創造力需求則呈現負向關係；第三、創造力需求對員工的創造力績效有正向的影響；第四、當工作複雜性愈高或團隊合作的意願愈高時，愈有助於提升員工的創造力績效；第五、組織能鼓勵創新，主管能支持部屬的創新想法，以及組織能提供充裕的資源來協助員工發展新想法，均有助於提高員工的創造力績效。
As the business environment varies so rapidly, creativity becomes a competitive advantage for a business; therefore, how to enforce employees' creativity is the key successful factor of an organization. Marketing workers were chosen as target objects, because they were seldom studied by the research of creativity but their jobs need high creativity. Moreover, purposive sampling was the sampling method of the research. Based on job types, job characteristics and organizational characteristics, this research tried to explore the relationships of these variables with the need of creativity and the performance of creativity. The research exploited questionnaires to collect research data and adopted factor analysis, Cronbach α, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, to analyze the collected data. The results indicate that (1) different marketing jobs need different extents of creativity, (2) the job complexity and the willingness of cooperation have positive relationship with the need of creativity; however, task routine has negative relationship with the need of creativity, (3) there is a positive influence of the need of creativity on the performance of employees' creativity, (4) the job complexity and the willingness of cooperation have positive relationship with the performance of employees' creativity, and (5) the organization's encouragements, supervisor's supportings and ample resources are beneficial to the performance of employees' creativity.
Other
1.Amabile, Teresa M.(1982)。The Social Psychology of Creativity，Springer-Verlag。  new window
期刊論文
1.Shalley, Christina E.(1995)。Effects of Coaction, Expected Evaluation, and Goal Setting on Creativity and Productivity。Academy of Management Journal，38(2)，483-503。  new window
2.Higgins, L. F.(1999)。Applying principles of creativity management to marketing research efforts in high-technology markets。Industrial Marketing Management，28(3)，305-317。  new window
3.Cooper, R. G.、Kleinschmidt, E. J.(1996)。Winning Businesses in Product Development: The Critical Success Factors。Research Technology Management，39(4)，18-29。  new window
4.Pierson, D. A.(1983)。A Technique for Managing Creative People。Personnel，60(1)，12-26。  new window
5.Ramus, C. A.(2001)。Organizational Support for Employees: Encouraging Creative Ideas for Environmental Sustainability。California Management Review，43(3)，85-105。  new window
6.Basadur, M.、Graen, G. B.、Green, S. G.(1982)。Training in creative problem solving: Effects on ideation and problem finding and solving in an industrial research organization。Organizational Behavior and Human Performance，30(1)，41-70。  new window
7.Ford, J. D.(1981)。Departmental Context and Formal Structure as Constraints on Leader Behavior。Academy of Management Journal，24(2)，274-288。  new window
8.Pelled, L. H.、Eisenhardt, Kathleen M.、Xin, Katherine R.(19990301)。Exporing the black box: an analysis of work group diversity, conflict,and performance。Administrative Science Quarterly，44(1)，1-28。  new window
9.Sims, H. P.、Szilagyi, A. D. Jr.、Keller, R. T.(1976)。The Measurement of Job Characteristics。Academy of Management Journal，19(2)，195-212。  new window
10.Menon, Anil、Varadarajan, P. Rajan(1992)。A Model of Marketing Knowledge Use within Firms。Journal of Marketing，56(4)，53-71。  new window
11.Amabile, T. M.、Gryskiewicz, N. D.(1989)。The creative environment scales: Work environment inventory。Creativity Research Journal，2(4)，231-253。  new window
12.Ayers, D.、Dahlstrom, R.、Skinner, S. J.(1997)。An Exploratory Investigation of Organizational Antecedents to New Product Success。Journal of Marketing Research，34(1)，107-116。  new window
13.Chandler, Gaylen N.、Keller, Chalon、Lyon, Douglas W.(2000)。Unraveling the determinants and consequences of an innovation-supportive organizational culture。Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice，25(1)，59-76。  new window
14.Bruno-Faira, M. F.、Alencer, E. M. L. S.(1996)。Stimulate and Obstacles to Creativity in the Workplace。Revista de Administracao，31，73-84。  new window
15.Mumford, M. D.、Gustafson, S. B.(198801)。Creativity syndrome: Integration, integration, and innovation。Psychological Bulletin，103(1)，27-43。  new window
16.Milliken, F. J.、Martins, L. L.(1996)。Searching for common threads: Understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups。Academy of Management Review，21(2)，402-433。  new window
17.Cummings, A.、Oldham, G. R.(1997)。Enhancing creativity: managing work contexts for the high potential employee。California Management Review，40(1)，22-38。  new window
18.Scott, R. K.(1995)。Creative employees: A challenge to managers。Journal of Creative Behavior，29(1)，64-71。  new window
19.Menon, A.、Bharadwaj, S. G.、Adidam, P. T.、Edison, S. W.(1999)。Antecedents and consequences of marketing strategy making: A model and a test。Journal of Marketing，63(2)，18-40。  new window
20.Woodman, Richard W.、Sawyer, John E.、Griffin, Ricky W.(1993)。Toward a theory of organizational creativity。The Academy of Management Review，18(2)，293-321。  new window
21.Weick, K. E.(1979)。Cognitive Processes in Organizations。Research in Organizational Behavior，1(1)，41-74。  new window
22.Shalley, Christina E.、Gilson, Lucy L.、Blum, Terry C.(2000)。Matching Creativity Requirements and the Work Environment: Effects on Satisfaction and Intentions to Leave。Academy of Management Journal，43(2)，215-223。  new window
23.Mumford, M. D.、Simonton, D. K.(1997)。Creativity in the workplace: People, problems, and structures。Journal of Creative Behavior，31(1)，1-6。  new window
24.Tyre, M. J.、Von Hippel, Eric(1997)。The situated nature of adaptive learning in organizations。Organization Science，8(1)，71-83。  new window
25.Amabile, Teresa M.、Conti, Regina、Coon, Heather、Lazenby, Jeffrey、Herron, Michael(1996)。Assessing the Work Environment for Creativity。Academy of Management Journal，39(5)，1154-1184。  new window
26.Hackman, J. Richard、Lawler, Edward E. III(1971)。Employee Reactions to Job Characteristics。Journal of Applied Psychology，55(3)，259-286。  new window
27.Hackman, J. Richard、Oldham, Greg R.(1975)。Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey。Journal of Applied Psychology，60(2)，159-170。  new window
28.Hackman, J. Richard、Oldham, Greg R.、Janson, Robert、Purdy, Kenneth(1975)。A New Strategy for Job Enrichment。California Management Review，17(4)，57-71。  new window
29.Zhou, J.、George, J. M.(2001)。When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice。Academy of Management Journal，44(4)，682-696。  new window
30.Sethi, Rajesh、Smith, Daniel C.、Park, C. Whan(2001)。Cross-Functional Product Development Teams, Creativity, and the Innovativeness of New Consumer Products。Journal of Marketing Research，38(1)，73-85。  new window
31.Amabile, Teresa M.(1997)。Motivating creativity in organizations: On doing what you love and loving what you do。California Management Review，40(1)，39-58。  new window
32.Amabile, Teresa M.(1988)。A Model of Creativity and Innovation in Organizations。Research in Organizational Behavior，10(1)，123-167。  new window
33.Oldham, Greg R.、Cummings, Anne(1996)。Employee creativity: Personal and contextual factors at work。Academy of Management Journal，39(3)，607-634。  new window
34.Klebba, J. M.、Tiemey, P.(1995)。Advertising creativity: A review and empirical investigation of external evaluation，cognitive style and self-perceptions of creativity。Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising，17(2)，33-51。  new window
學位論文
1.楊牧青(2000)。工作特性、人格特質與工作滿意度關係之研究--以高雄港務局員工為例(碩士論文)。國立成功大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.蔡明達(2000)。市場資訊處理程序與組織記憶對行銷創新影響之研究(博士論文)。國立政治大學，台北市。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.饒瑞霖(2000)。創造力競爭環境、個人內在動機與創造力工作環境關係之探討--學童與廠商跨領域之比較(碩士論文)。國立中央大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.簡文娟(1999)。組織創新氣候評鑑量表之建立--以高科技產業為實證研究對象(碩士論文)。國立中央大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.West, M. A.、Farr, J. L.(1990)。Innovation and Creativity at Work: Psychological and Organizational Strategies。New York：John Wiley & Sons。  new window
2.Simon, Harbert A.(1977)。The new science of management decision。Prentice Hall PTR。  new window
3.Amabile, T. M.、Gryskiewicz, S. S.(1987)。Creativity in the R&D laboratory。Greensboro, NC：Center for Creative Leadership。  new window
4.Wallach, M. A.、Kogan, N.(1965)。Modes of thinking in young children。New York：Greenwood Press。  new window
5.Majaro, Simon(1988)。The Creative Gap: Managing Ideas for Profit。Longman。  new window
6.Peters, Thomas J.、Waterman, Robert H. Jr.(1982)。In Search of Excellence: Lessons from America's Best-Run Companies。Harper & Row Publishers。  new window
其他
1.邱丘(邱順應）(2001)。創意不正經，台北：星定石文化。  延伸查詢new window
2.陳龍安(1995)。創浩思考教學的理論與實際，台北：心理。  延伸查詢new window
3.陳文玲(2000)。多希米亞之旅：廣告人vs.廣告力。  延伸查詢new window
4.戚樹誠、李長貴(1995)。企業員工參與之實證硏究。  延伸查詢new window
5.劉立倫(1991)。工作特性、結搆特性、組織控制型態與控制失誤--以工作職位爲分析單位之硏究。  延伸查詢new window
6.Andrews, J. & Smith, D. C.(1996)。In search of the marketing imagination: Factors affecting the creativity of marketing programs for mature products。  new window
7.Bateman, T. S., Griffin, R. W. & Rubinstein, D.(1987)。Social information processing and group-induced shfts in response to task design。  new window
8.Eisenhardt, K. M. & Tabrizi, B. N.(1995)。Accelerating adaptive processs: Product innovation in the global computer industry。  new window
9.Gobeli, D. H. & Brown, D. J.(1993)。Improving the process of product innovation。  new window
10.Greenberg, E.(1992)。Creativity, autonomy, and evaluation of creative work: Artistic workers in organizations。  new window
11.Hatcher, L., Ross, T. L. & Collins, D.(1989)。Prosocial behavior, job complexity, and suggestion contribution under gainsharing plans。  new window
12.Hulin, C. L.(1971)。Individual differences and job enrichment: The case against general treatments，New York：Van Nostrand Reinhold。  new window
13.Imai, K., Nonaka, L. & Takeuchi, H.(1985)。Managing the new product development process: How Japanese firms learn and unlearn，Boston：Harvard Business School。  new window
14.Kanter, R. M.(1983)。The change masters: Innovations for productivity in the American corporation，NY：Simon & Schuster。  new window
15.McGregor, D.(1960)。The human side of enterpris，NY：McGraw-Hill。  new window
16.Reid, L. N., King, K. W. & DeLorme, D. E.(1998)。Top-level agency creatives look at advertising creativity then and now。  new window
17.Sternberg, R. J., O’Hara, L. A. & Lubart, T. I.(1997)。Creativity as investment。  new window
18.Withey, M., Daft, R. L. & Cooper, W. H.(1983)。Measures of perrow’s work unit technology: An empirical assessment and a new scale。  new window
19.Woodman, R. W. & Schoenfeldt, L. F.(1990)。An integrationist model of creative behavior。  new window
20.Yong, L. M. S.(1994)。Managing creative people。  new window
圖書論文
1.Rhodes, M.(1961)。An analysis of creativity。Frontiers of creativity research。Buffalo, New York：Bearly Limited。  new window
2.Sternberg, R. J.(1988)。A Three-facet Model of Creativity。The nature of creativity: Contemporary psychological perspectives。New York, NY。  new window
3.Bauer, Raymond A.(1960)。Consumer Behavior as Risk Taking。Dynamic marketing for a Changing World。Chicago：American Marketing Association。  new window
 
 
 
 
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