目標：兒童期的過重及肥胖，容易在成年罹患慢性疾病而影響健康，是目前重要的公共衛生問題。本研究以社區樣本探討學齡前兒童過重情形及其影響因素。方法：本研究資料來自於「家庭社經地位與其學前兒童健康狀況及醫療保健需求之比較分析」計畫，該研究以橫斷性之調查訪視進行，先依臺閩地區人口統計中都會區定義，於91年7月15日至9月底期間，在各不同都會區中收集1191位3∼5歲學齡前兒童為樣本，以面對面訪視其主要照護者為對象，以結構式問卷收集兒童父母背景資料、兒童特性及其身高、體重，依衛生署公告之『兒童及青少年肥胖定義』區分界定其身體質量指數是否過重，並探討影響其過重與否的相關因素。結果：依衛生署公告標準，發現3∼5學前兒童樣本過重的比率高達 23.9%。進一步邏輯迴歸分析結果發現，在控制了相關因素後，孩童的居住地區為「鎮」層級(OR＝2.30，95%CI：1.33-3.97)、母親過重(OR＝1.90，95%CI：1.34-2.70)、及就讀幼稚園(OR＝0.68，95%CI：0.49-0.96)是主要影響學前兒童過重與否的因素。結論：依據研究結果，學前兒童過重的問題，在社區的嚴重性高於已進入幼教機構者，母親過重以及居住於「鎮」層級也是重要的指標。提供作為未來規劃學前教育、進行兒童研究及健康介入計畫的參考。

　　　　　Objective: Children overweight or obesity affects their adult health and is becoming an increasing public problem. The aims of this study were to explore the main factors which caused preschool children aged at 3 to 5 in Taiwan to be overweight. Method: This data came from the part of a study entitled 毣 comparative study on the health conditions and health care demands of preschool children of different family socioeconomic status? The study was a cross-sectional study and was conducted by face-to-face interview with the children掇 caregiver. It contained 1191 samples from different urbanization levels during the 15th, July to the end of September 2002. The urbanization levels were based on the classification in the Taiwan-Fukein Demographic Fact Book from the Ministry of Interior. The subjects were asked to complete a set of questionnaire that included the height, weight, child掇 characteristics and parents?background. Children掇 overweight was defined according to the age/sex specified body mass index criteria given by the Department of Health in 2002. Results: The prevalence rate of overweight in preschool children samples was 23.9%. After controlling for the variables of the child掇 characteristics and parents?background, we found that living at 毧hens?level (OR=2.30,95%CI:1.33-3.97), mother being overweight (OR=1.90, 95%CI:1.34-2.70) and attending kindergarten(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.49-0.96) significantly affected the preschool children掇 overweight. Conclusion: According to the result, overweight in preschool children was more common in the group that didn掐 attend the kindergarten and were also significantly correlated with mother being overweight and living at the 毧hens?level. The findings here should be helpful in designing an effective formal preschool education and weight control intervention program.