關於古南島語族起源與擴散方向，在考古學上有許多不同的觀點，其中主要的理論包括以臺灣為起源地的由北向南說或是以印尼或菲律賓為起源地的由南向北說。對於這些理論的檢視，臺灣與菲律賓北部的史前文化關係扮演了一個關鍵性的地位。 本文透過菲律賓呂宋島卡加煙流域最早期的新石器文化與臺灣新石器文化間器物比較，尤其是卡加煙諸遺址底層所出土的陶器、陶飾品及玉器和臺灣同類器物在型態、紋飾和質地上的分析，結果發現呂宋島岸新石器早期文化中的許多要素皆可見於臺灣新石器中期文化的內涵。 除了器物的比較之外，本文結合年代學的證據，而認為菲律賓呂宋島北部的新石器早期文化，即紅彩陶文化，很可能來自臺灣新石器時代中期文化的擴張發展，而其中又與臺灣東海岸細繩紋陶文化晚期，距今3500到4000年間的紅彩陶階段最有關連性。

Several hypotheses about the Austronesian homeland and subsequent directions of population dispersal have been proposed. Among these models, there is the north to south theory with Taiwan as the point of origin, as well as the south to north theory with Indonesia and the southern Philippines as the homeland. Taiwan and the northern Philippines are the key areas that have been explored archaeologically to test both hypotheses. This paper compares the earliest Neolithic assemblages from the Cagayan Valley in northern Luzon, Philippines, with contemporary Middle Neolithic assemblages from Taiwan. The Cagayan sites have yielded artifacts and chronological evidence associated with the use of red-slipped pottery, which probably developed from a late stage in the evolution of fine cord-marked pottery (c.2000-1500 BC) in eastern Taiwan.